- The C++11 is called standard Modern C++.
- C++ introduced many features that fundamentally changed the way we program in C++.
- Move Sementics, Perfect Forwarding, Variadic Templates, and
constexpr.
- Automatic Type Deduction (
auto).
- A small C++ standard.
- Read-Write Locks, Generalized Lambdas, and extended
constexpr functions.
auto for functions.- Introduces
std::make_unique.
- It has two outstanding features: the parallel STL and standarized filesystem API(
std::filesystem).
- About 80 algorithms of the STL can be excuted in parallel or vectorized.
- New data types:
std::string_view, std::optional, std::variant, and std::any.
- Structured Bindings:
auto [var1, var2, var3] = expr;
- 4 outstanding features: Concepts, Ranges, Coroutines, and Modules.
- Three-Way Comparision Operator
<=>
- Designated Initialization
struct Point2D {
int x;
int y;
};
struct Point3D {
int x;
int y;
int z;
};
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
Point2D point2D { .x=1, .y=2 };
// Point2D point2d { .y=2, .x=1 }; // error
Point3D point3D { .x=1, .y=2, .z=2 };
// Point3D point3D { .x=1, .z=2 }; // {1, 0, 2}
}
consteval and constinit- Various improvements to programming with templates.
- Lambda improvements (lambda templates, ...).
std::span : represents an object that can refer to a contiguous sequence of objects.
void copy_n(int const* src, int* des, int n) {}
void copy(std::span<int const> src, std::span<int> des) {} // std::span automatically deduces the size of an array, a std::array, or a std::vector.
int main()
{
int arr1[] = { 1, 2, 3 };
int arr2[] = { 3, 4, 5 };
copy_n(arr1, arr2, 3);
copy(arr1, arr2);
}
- Formatting library (
std::format).
std::jthread : joinable std::thread.- Synchronized Outputstreams (
std::osyncstream()).
- Mathematical Constants (
<numbers> header).