sudo apt-get install qemu-user-static debootstrap
sudo mkdir ubuntu-rootfs
# 1.利用debootstrap工具
sudo qemu-debootstrap --arch arm64 trusty ubuntu-rootfs/ --variant=minbase --verbose
# or 2.从Ubuntu官网下载
wget http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-base/releases/18.04.5/release/ubuntu-base-18.04.5-base-arm64.tar.gz
sudo tar -xzvf ubuntu-base-18.04.5-base-arm64.tar.gz -C ubuntu-rootfs
# linux的binfmt机制和qemu static解释器, 在chroot环境执行arm64版本的binary
sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static ./usr/bin/
sudo cp -b /etc/resolv.conf ./etc/resolv.conf
# 修改apt软件源
sudo vim /etc/apt/source.list
#中科大源
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main universe restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main universe restricted
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# 挂载proc, sys, dev, dev/pts等文件系统，可以编写一个bash脚本ch-mount.sh来完成挂载和后面的卸载操作
sudo bash ch-mount.sh -m ubuntu-rootfs/
# 安装所需软件包
apt-get update
apt-get install language-pack-en-base sudo ssh net-tools ethtool wireless-tools ifupdown network-manager iputils-ping rsyslog bash-completion htop vim resolvconf tzdata --no-install-recommends
# 推荐软件
# language-pack-en-base 英文翻译的mo文件
# sudo sudo命令
# ssh ssh的client和server
# net-tools ifconfig，netstat，route，arp等
# ethtool ethtool命令，显示、修改以太网设置
# wireless-tools iwconfig等，显示、修改无线设置
# ifupdown ifup，ifdown等工具
# network-manager Network Manager服务和框架，高级网络管理
# iputils-ping ping和ping6
# rsyslog 系统log服务
# bash-completion bash命令行补全
# htop htop工具，交互式进程查看器
# tzdata 设置时区
# 添加用户
adduser keyneko
vi /etc/sudoers
# User privilege specification
root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
keyneko ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
# 设置主机名称
echo "ubuntu-arm-zynqmp" > /etc/hostname
# 设置本机入口ip
echo "127.0.0.1 localhost" >> /etc/hosts
echo "127.0.1.1 ubuntu-arm-zynqmp" >> /etc/hosts
# 允许自动更新dns
dpkg-reconfigure resolvconf
# 设置时区
dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
# 配置串口调试服务
vi /etc/init/ttyPS0.conf
start on stoppedrc or RUNLEVEL=[12345]
stop on runlevel[!12345]
respawn
exec /sbin/getty -L 115200 ttyPS0 vt102
# 配置SD卡分区挂载
vi /etc/fstab
# stock fstab - you probably want to override this with a machine specific one
/dev/root / auto defaults 1 1
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts mode=0620,ptmxmode=0666,gid=5 0 0
tmpfs /run tmpfs mode=0755,nodev,nosuid,strictatime 0 0
tmpfs /var/volatile tmpfs defaults 0 0
# uncomment this if your device has a SD/MMC/Transflash slot
#/dev/mmcblk0p1 /media/card auto defaults,sync,noauto 0 0
# 网络设置
vi /etc/network/interfaces
注释掉source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.d行
添加以下内容:
# 本地回环
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# 两种方法任选一个
# 1、获取动态配置：
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
# 2、获取静态配置：
# auto eth0
# iface eth0 inet static
# address 192.168.0.1
# netmask 255.255.255.0
# gateway 192.168.0.1
# 退出chroot
exit
sudo bash ch-mount.sh -u ubuntu-rootfs/
# 登录后不能连网
# 更改DNS配置
/etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
# 修改apt软件源
sudo apt-get update
# 修复sudo权限
sudo chown root:root /usr/bin/sudo
sudo chmod 4755 /usr/bin/sudo