Object Oriented Programming in C++

Goal:

• Learn to apply the concepts of Operator Overloading and friend functions.
• Get comfortable with Templates (STL)

Description:

In this program, I have developed the class definition and behavior for Matrices. 
I have implement the following operations on matrices.
1. Addition ( + )
2. Subtraction (‐ )
3. Multiplication ( * )
4. Post and pre Increment ( ++ )
5. Post and pre Decrement ( ‐‐ )
6. Transpose ( ~ )
7. Positive exponential ( ^ )
8. Output ( << )

To make it interesting, I have overloaded operators such that above operations can be conducted on matrices. For each of the operation, operator that performs overloading on is shown in parenthesis. For example: -for matrix addition, overloading ‘+’ operator.

Furthermore: -Define Extraction/Output, Increment and Decrement operations as friend functions so that we do not have to create an object

-> Operations 1, 2, and 3 correspond to standard matrix addition, subtraction and multiplication.
-> Operation 4, Increment (++) operation on matrix increments each element of the matrix by 1. 
-> Operation 5, decrement (--) operator decrements the value of each element by 1. 
-> Operation 6, Transpore (~) operator swaps values of rows[i] and columns[i] with each other in the 
given Matrix. 
-> Operation 7, Positive Exponential (^) operator uses pow function to calculate the power (from user input) 
on the values of a given matrix. 
-> Operation 8, Stream output operator (<<) prints the matrix on to standard output (screen).

Rules:

For simplicity:
-Restrict ourselves to square matrices
  i.e., matrices in which number of rows and columns are same. 
Furthermore:
-Only deal with integer values 
  i.e., each element of the matrix can be either positive or negative integers only (including 0).

Read/Parse File:

Input Format:
Read the matrices from a file provided as a command-line argument. 
First line of input file contains the dimension of the matrix (d). 
First line is followed by d lines of values. 
Each line corresponds to one row of the matrix and hence 
each row will have d integers.

Operation that to perform will be given in a separate line 
which is in the form op <num>.
num is one of 1-8. 
Consider the numbers given in first section as the numbers for each operation.

For example:
-op 1 corresponds to matrix addition and 
-op 4 corresponds to Increment operation. 

Second matrix, if needed, is followed by operation line.

Few examples of input:

Input1.txt
----------
3
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
op 1
10 11 12
13 14 15
16 17 18

Input2.txt
----------
4
10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25
op 5
(for operation 5 i.e., for increment we do not need second matrix)

Input3.txt
----------
2
1 3
4 6
op 3
2 4
4 7

Once the required operation is performed, 
result matrix is printed onto output screen. 
(Use << operator to print the matrix.)

Build Instructions:

>> g++ matrix.cpp
>> ./a.out sub.txt 
<output>
11 13 15
17 19 21
23 25 27

----
MAKE
----
pile = $ make
clean =   $ make clean
run =     $ ./matrix add.txt			//change accordingly

Sample Input Files:

add.txt - Demonstrate addition of matrices
sub.txt - Demonstrate subtraction of matrices
mul.txt - Demonstrate multiplication of matrices
inc.txt - Demonstrate incrementation of a matrix
dec.txt - Demonstrate decrementation of a matrix
tra.txt - Demonstrate transpose of a matrix
pos.txt - Demonstrate positive exponential of a matrix
out.txt - Demonstrate output operator overloading by printing a matrix

keyur2maru/MatrixOperations