Node.js Backend Architecture Typescript Project

Learn to build a Blogging platform like Medium, MindOrks, and FreeCodeCamp - Open-Source Project By AfterAcademy

About this Open Source Project

This open-source project is for you(community). Our Team at AfterAcademy has taken this initiative to promote Backend Learning in the best possible way. We are determined to provide quality content for everyone. Let's do it together by learning from this project.

We will learn and build the backend application for a blogging platform.

The main focus will be to create a maintainable and highly testable architecture.
Following are the features of this project:

This backend in written in Typescript: The type safety at build time and having intellisense for it in the IDE like vscode is unparallel to productivity. We have found production bug reduced to significant amount, since most of the code vulnarabilties are identified during the build phase itself.
Separation of concern principle is applied: Each component has been given a particular role. The role of the components are mutually exclusive. This makes the project easy to be unit tested.
Feature enpasulation is adopted: The files or components those are related to a particular feature has been grouped together unless that components is required in multiple features. This enhances the ability to share code across projects.
Centralised Error handling is done: We have created a framework where all the errors are handled centrally. This reduces the ambiguity in the developement when the project grow larger.
Centralised Response handling is done: Similar to Error handling we have response handling framework. This makes it very convinient to apply a common API response pattern.
Mongodb is used through Mongoose: Mongodb really fits very well to the node.js application. Being nosql, fast, and scalable makes it ideal for the modern web applications.
Async execution is adopted: We have used async/await for the promises and made sure to use non blocking version of all the functions with few exceptions.
Docker compose has been configured: We have created the Dockerfile to provide the easy deployability without any setup and configurations.
Unit test is favoured: The tests has been written to test the functions and routes without the need of the database server. Integration tests has also been done but unit test is favoured.
A pure backend project: We have experienced that when a backend is developed clubed with a frontend then in the future it become really difficult to scale. We would want to create a separate backend project that servers many websites and mobile apps.

3RE Architecture: Router, RouteHandler, ResponseHandler, ErrorHandler

Project Outline: Blogging Platform

Request-Response Handling Schematic Diagram

Learn the concepts used in this project

You can find the complete API documentation here

How to build and run this project

Install using Docker Componse [Recomended Method]
- Clone this repo.
- Make a copy of .env.example file to .env.
- Make a copy of keys/private.pem.example file to keys/private.pem.
- Make a copy of keys/public.pem.example file to keys/public.pem.
- Make a copy of tests/.env.test.example file to tests/.env.test.
- Install Docker and Docker Compose. Find Instructions Here.
- Execute docker-compose up -d in terminal from the repo directory.
- You will be able to access the api from http://localhost:3000
- If having any issue then make sure 3000 port is not occupied else provide a different port in .env file.
- If having any issue then make sure 27017 port is not occupied else provide a different port in .env file.
Run The Tests
- Install nodejs and npm on your local machine.
- From the root of the project execute in terminal npm install.
- Use latest version of node on local machine if build fails.
- To run the tests execute npm test.
Install Without Docker [2nd Method]
- Install mongodb on your local.
- Do step 1 to 5 as listed for Install using Docker Componse.
- Do step 1 to 3 as listed for Run The Tests.
- Create users in mongodb and seed the data taking reference from the addons/init-mongo.js
- Change the DB_HOST to localhost in .env and tests/.env.test files.
- Execute npm start and You will be able to access the api from http://localhost:3000
- To run the tests execute npm test.

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Project Directory Structure

├── src
│   ├── server.ts
│   ├── app.ts
│   ├── config.ts
│   ├── auth
│   │   ├── apikey.ts
│   │   ├── authUtils.ts
│   │   ├── authentication.ts
│   │   ├── authorization.ts
│   │   └── schema.ts
│   ├── core
│   │   ├── ApiError.ts
│   │   ├── ApiResponse.ts
│   │   ├── JWT.ts
│   │   └── Logger.ts
│   ├── database
│   │   ├── index.ts
│   │   ├── model
│   │   │   ├── ApiKey.ts
│   │   │   ├── Blog.ts
│   │   │   ├── Keystore.ts
│   │   │   ├── Role.ts
│   │   │   └── User.ts
│   │   └── repository
│   │       ├── ApiKeyRepo.ts
│   │       ├── BlogRepo.ts
│   │       ├── KeystoreRepo.ts
│   │       ├── RoleRepo.ts
│   │       └── UserRepo.ts
│   ├── helpers
│   │   ├── asyncHandler.ts
│   │   ├── role.ts
│   │   └── validator.ts
│   ├── routes
│   │   └── v1
│   │       ├── access
│   │       │   ├── login.ts
│   │       │   ├── logout.ts
│   │       │   ├── schema.ts
│   │       │   ├── signup.ts
│   │       │   └── token.ts
│   │       ├── blog
│   │       │   ├── blogDetail.ts
│   │       │   ├── blogList.ts
│   │       │   ├── editor.ts
│   │       │   ├── schema.ts
│   │       │   └── writer.ts
│   │       ├── index.ts
│   │       └── profile
│   │           ├── schema.ts
│   │           └── user.ts
│   └── types
│       └── app-request.d.ts
├── tests
│   ├── auth
│   │   ├── apikey
│   │   │   ├── mock.ts
│   │   │   └── unit.test.ts
│   │   ├── authUtils
│   │   │   ├── mock.ts
│   │   │   └── unit.test.ts
│   │   ├── authentication
│   │   │   ├── mock.ts
│   │   │   └── unit.test.ts
│   │   └── authorization
│   │       ├── mock.ts
│   │       └── unit.test.ts
│   ├── core
│   │   └── jwt
│   │       ├── mock.ts
│   │       └── unit.test.ts
│   ├── routes
│   │   └── v1
│   │       ├── blog
│   │       │   ├── blogDetail
│   │       │   │   ├── mock.ts
│   │       │   │   └── unit.test.ts
│   │       │   └── writer
│   │       │       ├── mock.ts
│   │       │       └── unit.test.ts
│   │       ├── login
│   │       │   ├── integration.test.ts
│   │       │   ├── mock.ts
│   │       │   └── unit.test.ts
│   │       └── signup
│   │           ├── mock.ts
│   │           └── unit.test.ts
│   ├── .env.test
│   └── setup.ts
├── addons
│   └── init-mongo.js
├── keys
│   ├── private.pem
│   └── public.pem
├── .env
├── .gitignore
├── .dockerignore
├── .vscode
│   └── launch.json
├── Dockerfile
├── docker-compose.yml
├── package-lock.json
├── package.json
├── jest.config.js
├── tsconfig.json
└── tslint.json

Directory Traversal for Signup API call

/src → server.ts → app.ts → /routes/v1/index.ts → /auth/apikey.ts → schema.ts → /helpers/validator.ts → asyncHandler.ts → /routes/v1/signup.ts → schema.ts → /helpers/validator.ts → asyncHandler.ts → /database/repository/UserRepo.ts → /database/model/User.ts → /core/ApiResponses.ts

API Examples

Signup

Method and Headers

POST /v1/signup/basic HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:3000
x-api-key: GCMUDiuY5a7WvyUNt9n3QztToSHzK7Uj
Content-Type: application/json

Request Body

{
    "name" : "Janishar Ali",
    "email": "ali@afteracademy.com",
    "password": "changeit",
    "profilePicUrl": "https://avatars1.githubusercontent.com/u/11065002?s=460&u=1e8e42bda7e6f579a2b216767b2ed986619bbf78&v=4"
}

Response Body: 200

{
  "statusCode": "10000",
  "message": "Signup Successful",
  "data": {
    "user": {
      "_id": "5e7c9d32307a223bb8a4b12b",
      "name": "Janishar Ali",
      "email": "ali@afteracademy.com",
      "roles": [
        "5e7b8acad7aded2407e078d7"
      ],
      "profilePicUrl": "https://avatars1.githubusercontent.com/u/11065002?s=460&u=1e8e42bda7e6f579a2b216767b2ed986619bbf78&v=4"
    },
    "tokens": {
      "accessToken": "some_token",
      "refreshToken": "some_token"
    }
  }
}

Response Body: 400

{
  "statusCode": "10001",
  "message": "Bad Parameters"
}

Profile Private

Method and Headers

GET /v1/profile/my HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:3000
x-api-key: GCMUDiuY5a7WvyUNt9n3QztToSHzK7Uj
Content-Type: application/json
x-access-token: your_token_received_from_signup_or_login
x-user-id: your_user_id

Response Body: 200

{
  "statusCode": "10000",
  "message": "success",
  "data": {
    "name": "Janishar Ali Anwar",
    "profilePicUrl": "https://avatars1.githubusercontent.com/u/11065002?s=460&u=1e8e42bda7e6f579a2b216767b2ed986619bbf78&v=4",
    "roles": [
      {
        "_id": "5e7b8acad7aded2407e078d7",
        "code": "LEARNER"
      },
      {
        "_id": "5e7b8c22d347fc2407c564a6",
        "code": "WRITER"
      },
      {
        "_id": "5e7b8c2ad347fc2407c564a7",
        "code": "EDITOR"
      }
    ]
  }
}

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License

   Copyright (C) 2020 MINDORKS NEXTGEN PRIVATE LIMITED

   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   You may obtain a copy of the License at

       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   limitations under the License.

kietnguyen/nodejs-backend-architecture-typescript