Making a quick area to reference learning tools and resources.
A lot of focus has been on Linux based systems and models; however, Microsoft has invested heavily in this space, both with the Windows Stack and their Azure offerings. Below are some freely available courses in getting up to speed on Microsoft's approach DevOps and their Cloud offering.
https://www.edx.org/school/microsoft
Microsoft’s Introduction to DevOps (12 hours)
https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-devops-microsoft-dev212x-0
Building Cloud Apps with Microsoft Azure (16 hours each)
https://www.edx.org/course/building-cloud-apps-microsoft-azure-part-microsoft-dev202-1x-0
https://www.edx.org/course/building-cloud-apps-microsoft-azure-part-microsoft-dev202-2x
https://www.edx.org/course/building-cloud-apps-microsoft-azure-part-microsoft-dev202-3x
Architecting Microsoft Azure Solutions (25 hours)
https://www.edx.org/course/architecting-microsoft-azure-solutions-microsoft-dev205bx-0
Accelerating Software Delivery Using DevOps (15 hours)
https://www.edx.org/course/accelerate-software-delivery-using-microsoft-dev217x
Go Lang
https://golang.org/#
https://play.golang.org/p/3VsQMI4Rx5
Python
https://courses.edx.org/courses/course-v1:MITx+6.00.1x_7+3T2015/info
https://www.coursera.org/specializations/python
Chuck's program learning Website
http://www.pythonlearn.com/
LXC (Linux Containers)
https://linuxcontainers.org/
Docker
https://www.docker.com/
https://docs.docker.com/engine/understanding-docker/
Mesosphere Marathon https://mesosphere.github.io/marathon/
Docker Swarm
https://www.docker.com/products/docker-swarm
Kubernetes
http://kubernetes.io/
https://coreos.com/why/#kubernetes
Google Container Engine
https://cloud.google.com/container-engine/
Amazon EC2
https://aws.amazon.com/ecs/
Azure Container Service
https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/azure-container-service-preview/
Cloud Foundry https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/concepts/diego/diego-architecture.html
Snappy http://www.canonical.com/
CoreOS
Rancher
Atomic
https://www.edx.org/course/introduction-linux-linuxfoundationx-lfs101x-0
Ubuntu
http://www.canonical.com/
http://www.ubuntu.com/
CentOS
https://www.centos.org/
Red Hat
http://www.redhat.com/
SuSE
http://www.suse.com/
KVM
QEMU
VMWare
For rapid adoption and ease of implementation I prefer Ansible over others.
Ansible
http://ansible.com
Puppet
https://puppet.com/
Chef
https://www.chef.io/chef/
For the price of free, I don't think anything comes so ready and easy to use as Vagrant. Using Vagrantfile and bootstrap scripts, I can build systems that are configured the same across many domains. In a dev space, this is awesome because I can push the Vagrantfile up to github, clone it somewhere else, and run a vagrant up and get a base system that is fits a predictable configuration.
Vagrant
https://www.vagrantup.com/
There are other tools but Packer is my favorite; namely, because it can package in a one to many fashion. Plug packer into your deployment pipeline and new images can automatically get built from the CI tool.
Packer
https://www.packer.io/
Udemy
I have come to like Udemy quite a bit. The prices seem high but they are always on sale; so a $200 course typically runs $10-20.
https://www.udemy.com/
Coursera
https://www.coursera.org/
MIT Open Course Ware http://ocw.mit.edu/index.htm
Linux Academy
http://www.linuxacademy.com/
Cloud Academy
https://cloudacademy.com/
OpenCulture
http://www.openculture.com/freeonlinecourses