This repository contains programs in the C++ programming language related to Object Oriented programming.
--> C++ is a cross-platform language that can be used to create high-performance applications.
--> C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup, as an extension to the C language.
--> C++ gives programmers a high level of control over system resources and memory.
--> C++ is an object-oriented programming language which gives a clear structure to programs and allows code to be reused, lowering development costs.
--> GCC stands for GNU C/C++ Compiler.
--> To begin with GCC, visit the official website
--> Download GCC according to the platform being used like Linux, MacOs or Windows.
--> Follow the setup wizard.
--> Write c++ code in any text editor or IDE and save it with .cpp extention.
--> Then just open the console and run this command -
g++ filename.cpp -o Output
--> Filename is the name of the C++ script file and Output is the name of the output file.
--> After this command is executed, if the code is successfully compiled output file will be saved in the same location as the code file.
--> Once this Output file is executed in command prompt, the output will be displayed.
--> The building block of C++ that leads to Object-Oriented programming is a Class.
--> It is a user-defined data type, which holds its own data members and member functions, which can be accessed and used by creating an instance of that class. --> A class is like a blueprint for an object.
--> An Object is an identifiable entity with some characteristics and behavior.
--> An Object is an instance of a Class. When a class is defined, no memory is allocated but when it is instantiated (i.e. an object is created) memory is allocated.
--> Data abstraction is one of the most essential and important features of object-oriented programming in C++.
--> Abstraction means displaying only essential information and hiding the details.
--> In normal terms, Encapsulation is defined as wrapping up data and information under a single unit.
--> In Object-Oriented Programming,Encapsulation is defined as binding together the data and the functions that manipulate them.
--> The word polymorphism means having many forms.
--> In simple words, we can define polymorphism as the ability of a message to be displayed in more than one form.
--> The capability of a class to derive properties and characteristics from another class is called Inheritance.
--> Inheritance supports the concept of “reusability”, i.e. when we want to create a new class and there is already a class that includes some of the code that we want, we can derive our new class from the existing class.
--> In dynamic binding, the code to be executed in response to the function call is decided at runtime.
--> C++ has virtual functions to support this.
--> Because dynamic binding is flexible, it avoids the drawbacks of static binding, which connected the function call and definition at build time.
--> Objects communicate with one another by sending and receiving information.
--> A message for an object is a request for the execution of a procedure and therefore will invoke a function in the receiving object that generates the desired results.
--> Message passing involves specifying the name of the object, the name of the function, and the information to be sent.
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