DemoKin

DemoKin uses matrix demographic methods to compute expected (average) kin counts from demographic rates under a range of scenarios and assumptions. The package is an R-language implementation of Caswell (2019), Caswell (2020), and Caswell and Song (2021). It draws on previous theoretical development by Goodman, Keyfitz and Pullum (1974).

Installation

You can install the development version from GitHub with:

# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("IvanWilli/DemoKin")

Usage

Consider an average Swedish woman called ‘Focal’. For this exercise, we assume a female closed population in which everyone experiences the Swedish 2015 mortality and fertility rates at each age throughout their life (the ‘time-invariant’ assumption in Caswell [2019]).

We then ask:

How many living relatives does Focal have at each age?

Let’s explore this using the Swedish data already included with DemoKin.

library(DemoKin)
swe_surv_2015 <- swe_px[,"2015"]
swe_asfr_2015 <- swe_asfr[,"2015"]
swe_2015 <- kin(U = swe_surv_2015, f = swe_asfr_2015, time_invariant = TRUE)

px is the survival probability by age from a life table and f are the age specific fertility raties by age (see ?kin for details).

Now, we can visualize the implied kin counts (i.e., the average number of living kin) of Focal at age 35 using a network or ‘Keyfitz’ kinship diagram with the function plot_diagram:

# We need to reformat the data a little bit
kin_total <- swe_2015$kin_summary
# Keep only data for Focal's age 35
kin_total <- kin_total[kin_total$age_focal == 35 , c("kin", "count_living")]
names(kin_total) <- c("kin", "count")
plot_diagram(kin_total, rounding = 2)

Relatives are identified by a unique code:

DemoKin	Label
coa	Cousins from older aunt
cya	Cousins from younger aunt
d	Daughter
gd	Grand-daughter
ggd	Great-grand-daughter
ggm	Great-grandmother
gm	Grandmother
m	Mother
nos	Nieces from older sister
nys	Nieces from younger sister
oa	Aunt older than mother
ya	Aunt younger than mother
os	Older sister
ys	Younger sister

Vignette

For more details, including an extension to time varying-populations rates, deceased kin, and multi-state models, see vignette("Reference", package = "DemoKin"). If the vignette does not load, you may need to install the package as devtools::install_github("IvanWilli/DemoKin", build_vignettes = T).

Citation

Williams, Iván; Alburez-Gutierrez, Diego; Song, Xi; and Hal Caswell. (2021) DemoKin: An R package to implement demographic matrix kinship models. URL: https://github.com/IvanWilli/DemoKin.

Acknowledgments

We thank Silvia Leek from the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research for designing the DemoKin logo. The logo includes elements that have been taken or adapted from this file, originally by Ansunando, CC BY-SA 4.0 via Wikimedia Commons. Sha Jiang provided useful comments for improving the package.

Get involved!

DemoKin is under constant development. If you’re interested in contributing, please get in touch, create an issue, or submit a pull request. We look forward to hearing from you!

References

Caswell, H. 2019. The formal demography of kinship: A matrix formulation. Demographic Research 41:679–712. doi:10.4054/DemRes.2019.41.24.

Caswell, H. 2020. The formal demography of kinship II: Multistate models, parity, and sibship. Demographic Research 42: 1097-1144. doi:10.4054/DemRes.2020.42.38.

Caswell, Hal and Xi Song. 2021. “The Formal Demography of Kinship. III. Kinship Dynamics with Time-Varying Demographic Rates.” Demographic Research 45: 517–46. doi:10.4054/DemRes.2021.45.16.

Goodman, L.A., Keyfitz, N., and Pullum, T.W. (1974). Family formation and the frequency of various kinship relationships. Theoretical Population Biology 5(1):1–27. doi:10.1016/0040-5809(74)90049-5.

maraab23/DemoKin