SimpleImpersonation

Simple Impersonation Library for .Net

This library allows you to run code as another Windows user, as long as you have their credentials.

It achives this using the LogonUser Windows API, and thus can only provide the functionality provided by that API. In particular, pay attention to the following from the docs:

The LogonUser function attempts to log a user on to the local computer. The local computer is the computer from which LogonUser was called. You cannot use LogonUser to log on to a remote computer.

Thus, SimpleImpersonation will not help you authenticate on a remote computer. If you want to use alternate credentials to connect to a remote computer, then the local computer and the remote computer must already be attached to the same domain, or there needs to be a trust relationship established between those domains. If either the local computer or remote computer are domainless, you will not be able to use this library to connect to resources on the remote computer.

Installation

PM> Install-Package SimpleImpersonation

As of version 4.0.0, this library should work well with all of the following:

.NET 5 or greater
.NET Core 2.0 or greater
.NET Framework 4.6.1 and greater

Note that .NET Framework versions less than 4.6.1 are no longer supported.

Platform Support

Since this library relies on Windows APIs, it is supported on Windows only.

Usage

As of version 4.0.0, the prefered approach is to get a SafeAccessTokenHandle for the credentials by calling LogonUser from a UserCredentials instance.

You'll first want to import these namespaces:

using System.Security.Principal;
using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles;
using SimpleImpersonation;

Then you can get a handle for the user using this library.

UserCredentials credentials = new UserCredentials(domain, username, password);
using SafeAccessTokenHandle userHandle = credentials.LogonUser(LogonType.Interactive);  // or another LogonType

You can then use that handle with built-in .NET functions such as WindowsIdentity.RunImpersonated or WindowsIdentity.RunImpersonatedAsync.

WindowsIdentity.RunImpersonated(userHandle, () => {
    // do whatever you want as this user.
});

var someResult = WindowsIdentity.RunImpersonated(userHandle, () => {
    // do whatever you want as this user.
    return something;
});

await WindowsIdentity.RunImpersonatedAsync (userHandle, async () => {
    // do whatever you want as this user.
});

var someResult = await WindowsIdentity.RunImpersonatedAsync(userHandle, async () => {
    // do whatever you want as this user.
    return something;
});

Usage Notes

The previous Impersonation.RunAsUser method has been deprecated. Instead, please obtain a user handle and use the built-in functions as shown above.
The domain parameter can optionally be omitted, in which case the username can contain the domain in either domain\user or user@domain format.
For local computer users, you can either pass the computer's machine name or . to the domain parameter, or omit the domain parameter and just pass the username by itself.
The password parameter can be specified as a SecureString or a regular string. SecureString is recommended when the password is being typed in by a user, but is not appropriate if you already have the password as a regular string.
Be sure to specify a logon type that makes sense for what you are doing. For example:
- If you are interactively working as a particular user from a desktop application, use LogonType.Interactive.
- If you are trying to connect to a SQL server with trusted authentication using specific credentials, use LogonType.NewCredentials.
  - But be aware that impersonation is not taken into account in connection pooling.
  - You will also need to vary your connection string.
  - Read more here
See the MSDN documentation for additional logon types.
If impersonation fails, it will throw a custom ImpersonationException, which has the following properties:
- Message : The string message describing the error.
- NativeErrorCode : The native Windows error code, as described here.
- ErrorCode : The HResult of the error.
- InnerException : A Win32Exception used to derive the other properties.

Testing

In order to verify that this library can impersonate a user, the unit tests will create a temporary user account on the local computer, and then delete the account when the test run is complete. To achieve this, the tests must be run as an elevated "administrator" account.