This repo was cloned from: https://github.com/bkmgit/r-examples/
I made some changes to DataStructuresStart.R and added the data/ folder, so I decided to create a new branch before adding and committing my changes,
$ git checkout -b data-structures
# Switched to a new branch 'data-structures'
$ git add -A
$ git commit -m "data structures portion"
#[data-structures fe06b8e] data structures portion
# 4 files changed, 103 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
# create mode 100644 .gitignore
# create mode 100644 data/feline-data.csv
# create mode 100644 r-examples.RprojI went ahead and created my own repo on Github here: https://github.com/mjfrigaard/r-examples
In order to push to my repo, I need to change the origin url
This takes the following command:
$ git remote set-url origin https://github.com/mjfrigaard/r-examples.gitYou won't see anything in the terminal telling us we're able to push. But we can test this by pushing the original (main) branch (without my changes).
$ git push origin main
# Enumerating objects: 6, done.
# Counting objects: 100% (6/6), done.
# Delta compression using up to 12 threads
# Compressing objects: 100% (5/5), done.
# Writing objects: 100% (6/6), 1.16 KiB | 1.16 MiB/s, done.
# Total 6 (delta 0), reused 6 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
# To https://github.com/mjfrigaard/r-examples.git
# * [new branch] main -> mainIf I look in Github, I see the original repo I cloned from Benson:
├── DataStructuresStart.R
├── README.md
├── help.R
└── intro.RWhen I push from the data-structure branch, I see the following:
$ git push origin data-structures
# Enumerating objects: 9, done.
# Counting objects: 100% (9/9), done.
# Delta compression using up to 12 threads
# Compressing objects: 100% (5/5), done.
# Writing objects: 100% (7/7), 1.77 KiB | 1.77 MiB/s, done.
# Total 7 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
# remote:
# remote: Create a pull request for 'data-structures' on GitHub by visiting:
# remote: https://github.com/mjfrigaard/r-examples/pull/new/data-structures
# remote:
# To https://github.com/mjfrigaard/r-examples.git
# * [new branch] data-structures -> data-structuresI now have two branches on my repo, with data-structure having the following contents:
├── DataStructuresStart.R
├── README.md
├── data
│ └── feline-data.csv
├── help.R
├── intro.R
└── r-examples.RprojI can compare the changes using git diff <branch1> <branch2> and merge the two branches.
$ git diff main data-structures
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b6a065
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+.Rproj.user
+.Rhistory
+.RData
+.Ruserdata
diff --git a/DataStructuresStart.R b/DataStructuresStart.R
index a9ae896..2f27e9a 100644
--- a/DataStructuresStart.R
+++ b/DataStructuresStart.R
@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
-# Reading in data
+# Reading in data ----
# Different data types
# Working with categorical data
-
+## create cats ----
cats <- data.frame( coat = c("calico","black","tabby"),
weight = c(2.1,5.0,3.2),
likes_string = c(1,0,1))
+
View(cats)
+
+## export cats ------------------------------------------
write.csv(x=cats,file="data/feline-data.csv",
row.names = FALSE)
-## Load our data
+## Load our data ----
copy_cats <- read.csv(file="data/feline-data.csv",
stringsAsFactors=TRUE)
View(copy_cats)
@@ -22,3 +25,79 @@ copy_cats$weight
paste("My cats is",cats$coat)
cats$weight + copy_cats$weight
cats$weight + copy_cats$coat
+# investigate objects
+typeof(copy_cats$coat)
+class(copy_cats$coat)
+unclass(copy_cats$coat)
+# for factors
+levels(copy_cats$coat)
+str(copy_cats$coat)
+attr(x = copy_cats$coat, which = "class")
+dput(copy_cats$coat)
+# structure(c(2L, 1L, 3L),
+# .Label = c("black", "calico", "tabby"),
+# class = "factor")
+
+vec_logical <- vector(length = 3)
+vec_numeric <- vector(mode = "integer", length = 5)
+vec_char <- vector(mode = "character", length = 5)
+length(vec_char)
+
+
+### vector type coercion ---------------
+# class(`c`)
+# class(`<-`)
+vec_type_test <- c(vec_char, vec_logical)
+vec_logical
+c(FALSE, "B")
+
+vec_test_type2 <- as.numeric(vec_logical, vec_numeric)
+as.numeric(vec_logical)
+as.integer(vec_logical)
+as.numeric(vec_char)
+vec_numeric_chars <- c("3", "9", "39")
+str(vec_numeric_chars)
+vec_test_type3 <- as.numeric(vec_numeric_chars)
+
+vec_integer <- c(9L, 5L, 2L)
+# more precise
+vec_numeric_decimal <- c(0.4, 1.4, 0.999999)
+vec_numeric_decimal
+as.integer(vec_numeric_decimal)
+# type coercion order ----
+# logical
+# numbers (integer, numeric, complex)
+# character
+
+# series ----------------------------------------------------
+vec_series <- 10:20
+str(vec_series)
+# seq -------------------------------------------------------
+vec_seq_series <- seq(10, 20, by = 0.5)
+vec_seq_series
+head(x = vec_seq_series, 10)
+tail(vec_seq_series, 10)
+
+names(vec_integer) <- c("bob", "sally", "herbert")
+names(vec_integer)
+# dput(vec_integer)
+vec_named <- c(bob = 9L, sally = 5L, herbert = 2L)
+names(copy_cats)
+
+# subsetting data.frames -------------------------------
+# brackets use a row, column index
+value_black_cat <- copy_cats[ 2, 3]
+str(value_black_cat)
+
+copy_cats[ 1:2, 2:3]
+
+# named column subsetting --------------------------
+copy_cats[ 2, "weight"]
+
+vec_factor <- factor(x = c("black", "calico", "tabby"), levels = c("black", "calico", "tabby", "Maine Coon"))
+vec_factor
+str(vec_factor)
+vec_factor_ordered <- factor(x = c("low", "med", "high"),
+ levels = c("low", "med", "high"), ordered = TRUE)
+AlwaysSaveHistory: Default
+
+EnableCodeIndexing: Yes
+UseSpacesForTab: Yes
+NumSpacesForTab: 2
+Encoding: UTF-8
+
+RnwWeave: Sweave
+LaTeX: pdfLaTeXThis is easier with the Github interface, which I can access by following the link provided above: https://github.com/mjfrigaard/r-examples/pull/new/data-structures
$ git request-pull data-structures https://github.com/mjfrigaard/r-examples/ main
# The following changes since commit 00a1e1a0acd07d6ac582fa2644331dfa761d2a00:
# first commit (2021-07-07 22:13:02 +0300)
# are available in the Git repository at:
# https://github.com/mjfrigaard/r-examples/ main
# for you to fetch changes up to 00a1e1a0acd07d6ac582fa2644331dfa761d2a00:
# first commit (2021-07-07 22:13:02 +0300)
#----------------------------------------------------------------We can merge these changes into main by switching branches to main
$ git checkout main
# Switched to branch 'main'
# Your branch is up to date with 'origin/main'.And to merge, we use the following:
$ git merge --no-ff data-structuresYou will see vim, a text editor with some strange commands. Press the "i" key for "insert", then enter a message ("merge data structures"),
"merge data structures"
# Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,
Now press "esc" the escape key, then type :wq for "write & quit" and hit enter.
# Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy.
# .gitignore | 4 +++
# DataStructuresStart.R | 85 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
# data/feline-data.csv | 4 +++
# r-examples.Rproj | 13 +++++++
# 4 files changed, 103 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
# create mode 100644 .gitignore
# create mode 100644 data/feline-data.csv
# create mode 100644 r-examples.RprojAnd finally, we push origin to main.
$ git push origin main
# Enumerating objects: 1, done.
# Counting objects: 100% (1/1), done.
# Writing objects: 100% (1/1), 233 bytes | 233.00 KiB/s, done.
# Total 1 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
# To https://github.com/mjfrigaard/r-examples.git
# 00a1e1a..7886ee2 main -> main