Quartz是对定时器的封装, 里面用他可以实现各种需求的定时任务, 因为他有强大的cron表达式,并且可以对定时任务进行持久化。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--springboot-quartz-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--Quartz 使用的连接池 这里Quartz在持久化任务时使用该jar-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--Mysql数据库驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.27</version>
</dependency>
package com.quartz.quartzduring.config;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* Qartz配置, 搭配quartz.properties文件自定义配置, 该处目的使定时任务持久化
*/
@Configuration
public class SchedulerConfig {
/**
* 读取quartz.properties 文件
* 将值初始化
* @return
*/
@Bean
public Properties quartzProperties() throws IOException {
PropertiesFactoryBean propertiesFactoryBean = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
propertiesFactoryBean.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("/quartz.properties"));
propertiesFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet();
return propertiesFactoryBean.getObject();
}
/**
* 将配置文件的数据加载到SchedulerFactoryBean中
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
@Bean
public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean() throws IOException {
SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
schedulerFactoryBean.setQuartzProperties(quartzProperties());
return schedulerFactoryBean;
}
/**
* 初始化监听器
* @return
*/
@Bean
public QuartzInitializerListener executorListener(){
return new QuartzInitializerListener();
}
/**
* 获得Scheduler 对象
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
@Bean
public Scheduler scheduler() throws IOException {
return schedulerFactoryBean().getScheduler();
}
}
# 实例化ThreadPool时,使用的线程类为SimpleThreadPool
org.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
# threadCount和threadPriority将以setter的形式注入ThreadPool实例
# 并发个数
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 5
# 优先级
org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5
org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread = true
org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold = 5000
#持久化使用的类
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
#数据库中表的前缀
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_
#数据源命名
org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource = qzDS
#qzDS 数据源
org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.URL = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.user = root
org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.password = 123456
org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.maxConnections = 10
1.qrtz_blob_triggers : 以Blob 类型存储的触发器。
2.qrtz_calendars:存放日历信息, quartz可配置一个日历来指定一个时间范围。
3.qrtz_cron_triggers:存放cron类型的触发器。
4.qrtz_fired_triggers:存放已触发的触发器。
5.qrtz_job_details:存放一个jobDetail信息。
6.qrtz_job_listeners:job监听器。
7.qrtz_locks: 存储程序的悲观锁的信息(假如使用了悲观锁)。
8.qrtz_paused_trigger_graps:存放暂停掉的触发器。
9.qrtz_scheduler_state:调度器状态。
10.qrtz_simple_triggers:简单触发器的信息。
11.qrtz_trigger_listeners:触发器监听器。
12.qrtz_triggers:触发器的基本信息。
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_LOCKS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_CALENDARS;
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(250) NULL,
JOB_CLASS_NAME VARCHAR(250) NOT NULL,
IS_DURABLE VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
IS_UPDATE_DATA VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(250) NULL,
NEXT_FIRE_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
PREV_FIRE_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
PRIORITY INTEGER NULL,
TRIGGER_STATE VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_TYPE VARCHAR(8) NOT NULL,
START_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
END_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
CALENDAR_NAME VARCHAR(200) NULL,
MISFIRE_INSTR SMALLINT(2) NULL,
JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
REPEAT_COUNT BIGINT(7) NOT NULL,
REPEAT_INTERVAL BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
TIMES_TRIGGERED BIGINT(10) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
CRON_EXPRESSION VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TIME_ZONE_ID VARCHAR(80),
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
STR_PROP_1 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
STR_PROP_2 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
STR_PROP_3 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
INT_PROP_1 INT NULL,
INT_PROP_2 INT NULL,
LONG_PROP_1 BIGINT NULL,
LONG_PROP_2 BIGINT NULL,
DEC_PROP_1 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,
DEC_PROP_2 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,
BOOL_PROP_1 VARCHAR(1) NULL,
BOOL_PROP_2 VARCHAR(1) NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
BLOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_CALENDARS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
CALENDAR_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
CALENDAR BLOB NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,CALENDAR_NAME)
);
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
ENTRY_ID VARCHAR(95) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
FIRED_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
SCHED_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
PRIORITY INTEGER NOT NULL,
STATE VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NULL,
JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NULL,
IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR(1) NULL,
REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,ENTRY_ID)
);
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
LAST_CHECKIN_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
CHECKIN_INTERVAL BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME)
);
CREATE TABLE QRTZ_LOCKS
(
SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
LOCK_NAME VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,LOCK_NAME)
);
commit;
"0 0 12 * * ?" 每天中午12点触发
"0 15 10 ? * *" 每天上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 * * ?" 每天上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 * * ? *" 每天上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 * * ? 2005" 2005年的每天上午10:15触发
"0 * 14 * * ?" 在每天下午2点到下午2:59期间的每1分钟触发
"0 0/5 14 * * ?" 在每天下午2点到下午2:55期间的每5分钟触发
"0 0/5 14,18 * * ?" 在每天下午2点到2:55期间和下午6点到6:55期间的每5分钟触发
"0 0-5 14 * * ?" 在每天下午2点到下午2:05期间的每1分钟触发
"0 10,44 14 ? 3 WED" 每年三月的星期三的下午2:10和2:44触发
"0 15 10 ? * MON-FRI" 周一至周五的上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 15 * ?" 每月15日上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 L * ?" 每月最后一日的上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 ? * 6L" 每月的最后一个星期五上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 ? * 6L 2002-2005" 2002年至2005年的每月的最后一个星期五上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 ? * 6#3" 每月的第三个星期五上午10:15触发
Job实现类, 就是定时任务的主要逻辑编辑区
package com.quartz.quartzduring.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @author: wengyifan
* @description:
* @date: 2022/7/5 5:19 下午
*/
public class HiJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
String nowTime = simpleDateFormat.format(new Date());
//这里为了演示, 只进行打印
System.out.println(nowTime + ":你好");
}
}
Quartz的三大核心JobDetail, Trigger, Scheduler
- JobDetail: 主要加载定时逻辑实现的类
- Trigger: 主要制定定时任务执行的规则
- Scheduler:用来创建定时任务, 调度任务. 任务的增删改都是由他完成;
package com.quartz.quartzduring.scheduler;
import com.quartz.quartzduring.job.HiJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 使用cron表达式来控制任务
* 3秒后 每秒执行一次
*/
public class CronScheduler {
public static void cronScheduler() throws SchedulerException {
/*
* JobBuilder.newJob(HiJob.class) --> 创建执行的job实现类
* withIdentity("j1", "1") 创建该JobDetail 的名字和所在分组 第一个参数是名字, 第二个参数 分组
* build()创建对象
*/
JobDetail build = JobBuilder.newJob(HiJob.class).withIdentity("j1", "1").build();
Date date = new Date();
long startTime = date.getTime() + 3000;
/*
* TriggerBuilder.newTrigger() 创建一个Trigger
* startAt(new Date(startTime)) 执行时间, 3秒后执行
* withIdentity("t1", "1") Trigger所在的名字和分组,
* 第一个参数是名字, 第二个参数 分组,因为和job是俩个对象, 名字 分组可以跟job重复
* withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("* * * * * ?")) cron表达式初始化, 每秒执行一次
* build()创建对象
*/
CronTrigger c = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
.startAt(new Date(startTime))
.withIdentity("t1", "1")
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("* * * * * ?"))
.build();
//创建SchedulerFactory对象 注意是new的是StdSchedulerFactory Std开头
SchedulerFactory schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
//获得Scheduler
Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactory.getScheduler();
//设置调度 的job 和trigger
scheduler.scheduleJob(build, c);
//开启调度
scheduler.start();
}
}
package com.quartz.quartzduring.controller;
import com.quartz.quartzduring.scheduler.CronScheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* @author: wengyifan
* @description:
* @date: 2022/7/5 5:55 下午
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("")
public class testController {
// @Description: 获取定时器信息
@GetMapping("/test")
public String getQuartzJob() throws SchedulerException {
CronScheduler.cronScheduler();
return "success";
}
}