Coding Fundamentals
Coding Fundamentals from my perspective. Thats what i use in my projects.
Design Patterns
Software design patterns are general reusable solutions to problems which occur over and over again in object-oriented design enviroment. It is not a finished design that can be transformed into source code directly, but it is template how to solve the problem. We can classify them by purpose into creational (abstract the instantiation process), structure (how classes and objects are composed to form larger structures) and behavioral patterns (the assignment of responsibilities between objects).
Algorithms
An algorithm is a finite sequence of well-defined, computer-implementable instructions, typically to solve a class of problems or to perform a computation. Algorithms are always unambiguous and are used as specifications for performing calculations, data processing, automated reasoning, and other tasks.
Data Structures
A data structure is a data organization, management, and storage format that enables efficient access and modification. More precisely, a data structure is a collection of data values, the relationships among them, and the functions or operations that can be applied to the data.