lightly: A Python repository from myt889

Lightly is a computer vision framework for self-supervised learning.

We, at Lightly, are passionate engineers who want to make deep learning more efficient. That's why - together with our community - we want to popularize the use of self-supervised methods to understand and curate raw image data. Our solution can be applied before any data annotation step and the learned representations can be used to visualize and analyze datasets. This allows to select the best core set of samples for model training through advanced filtering.

Features

Lightly offers features like

modular framework which exposes low-level building blocks such as loss functions
support for multi-gpu training using PyTorch Lightning
easy to use and written in a PyTorch like style
supports custom backbone models for self-supervised pre-training

Supported Models

You can find sample code for all the supported models here. We provide PyTorch, PyTorch Lightning and PyTorch Lightning distributed examples for each of the models to kickstart your project.

Some of our supported models:

Tutorials

Want to jump to the tutorials and see lightly in action?

Documentation and tutorials of using the Lightly Solution:

Community and partner projects:

On-Device Deep Learning with Lightly on an ARM microcontroller

Quick Start

Lightly requires Python 3.6+ but we recommend using Python 3.7+. We recommend installing Lightly in a Linux or OSX environment.

Dependencies

hydra-core>=1.0.0
numpy>=1.18.1
pytorch_lightning>=1.5
requests>=2.23.0
torchvision
tqdm

Installation

You can install Lightly and its dependencies from PyPI with:

pip3 install lightly

We strongly recommend that you install Lightly in a dedicated virtualenv, to avoid conflicting with your system packages.

Lightly in Action

With lightly, you can use the latest self-supervised learning methods in a modular way using the full power of PyTorch. Experiment with different backbones, models, and loss functions. The framework has been designed to be easy to use from the ground up. Find more examples in our docs.

import torch
import torchvision
import lightly.models as models
import lightly.loss as loss
import lightly.data as data

# the collate function applies random transforms to the input images
collate_fn = data.ImageCollateFunction(input_size=32, cj_prob=0.5)

# create a dataset from your image folder
dataset = data.LightlyDataset(input_dir='./my/cute/cats/dataset/')

# build a PyTorch dataloader
dataloader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
    dataset,                # pass the dataset to the dataloader
    batch_size=128,         # a large batch size helps with the learning
    shuffle=True,           # shuffling is important!
    collate_fn=collate_fn)  # apply transformations to the input images


# create a PyTorch module for the SimCLR model
class SimCLR(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, backbone):
        super().__init__()
        self.backbone = backbone
        self.projection_head = models.modules.SimCLRProjectionHead(
          input_dim=512, 
          hidden_dim=512,
          output_dim=128
        )

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.backbone(x).flatten(start_dim=1)
        z = self.projection_head(x)
        return z

# use a resnet backbone
resnet = torchvision.models.resnet18()
backbone = nn.Sequential(*list(resnet.children())[:-1])

# build the simclr model
model = SimCLR(backbone)

# lightly exposes building blocks such as loss functions
criterion = loss.NTXentLoss(temperature=0.5)

# get a PyTorch optimizer
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=1e-0, weight_decay=1e-5)

You can easily use another model like SimSiam by swapping the model and the loss function.

# PyTorch module for the SimSiam model
class SimSiam(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, backbone):
        super().__init__()
        self.backbone = backbone
        self.projection_head = SimSiamProjectionHead(512, 512, 128)
        self.prediction_head = SimSiamPredictionHead(128, 64, 128)

    def forward(self, x):
        f = self.backbone(x).flatten(start_dim=1)
        z = self.projection_head(f)
        p = self.prediction_head(z)
        z = z.detach()
        return z, p

model = SimSiam(backbone)

# use the SimSiam loss function
criterion = loss.NegativeCosineSimilarity()

You can find a more complete example for SimSiam here.

Use PyTorch Lightning to train the model:

trainer = pl.Trainer(max_epochs=max_epochs, devices=1, accelerator="gpu")
trainer.fit(
    model,
    dataloader
)

Or train the model on 4 GPUs:

# use distributed version of loss functions
criterion = NTXentLoss(gather_distributed=True)

trainer = pl.Trainer(
    max_epochs=max_epochs, 
    devices=4,
    accelerator="gpu",
    strategy="ddp",
)
trainer.fit(
    model,
    dataloader
)

We provide proper multi-GPU training with distributed gather and synchronized BatchNorm.

Have a look at our docs regarding distributed training

Benchmarks

Currently implemented models and their accuracy on cifar10 and imagenette. All models have been evaluated using kNN. We report the max test accuracy over the epochs as well as the maximum GPU memory consumption. All models in this benchmark use the same augmentations as well as the same ResNet-18 backbone. Training precision is set to FP32 and SGD is used as an optimizer with cosineLR. One epoch on cifar10 takes ~35 seconds on a V100 GPU. Learn more about the cifar10 and imagenette benchmark here

ImageNette

Model	Epochs	Batch Size	Test Accuracy
BarlowTwins	800	256	0.850
BYOL	800	256	0.887
DCL	800	256	0.864
DCLW	800	256	0.861
DINO (Res18)	800	256	0.887
MAE (ViT-S)	800	256	0.620
MSN (ViT-S)	800	256	0.833
Moco	800	256	0.874
NNCLR	800	256	0.885
PMSN (ViT-S)	800	256	0.830
SimCLR	800	256	0.889
SimMIM (ViT-B32)	800	256	0.351
SimSiam	800	256	0.885
SwaV	800	256	0.899
SwaVQueue	800	256	0.898
SMoG	800	256	0.782
TiCo	800	256	0.857
VICReg	800	256	0.843
VICRegL	800	256	0.799

Cifar10

Model	Epochs	Batch Size	Test Accuracy
BarlowTwins	800	512	0.857
BYOL	800	512	0.911
DCL	800	512	0.873
DCLW	800	512	0.873
DINO	800	512	0.884
Moco	800	512	0.900
NNCLR	800	512	0.896
SimCLR	800	512	0.875
SimSiam	800	512	0.906
SwaV	800	512	0.881

Terminology

Below you can see a schematic overview of the different concepts present in the lightly Python package. The terms in bold are explained in more detail in our documentation.

Next Steps

Head to the documentation and see the things you can achieve with lightly!

Development

To install dev dependencies (for example to contribute to the framework) you can use the following command:

pip3 install -e ".[dev]"

For more information about how to contribute have a look here.

Running Tests

Unit tests are within the tests folder and we recommend running them using pytest. There are two test configurations available. By default, only a subset will be run. This is faster and should take less than a minute. You can run it using

python -m pytest -s -v

To run all tests (including the slow ones) you can use the following command.

python -m pytest -s -v --runslow

Code Linting

We provide a Pylint config following the Google Python Style Guide.

You can run the linter from your terminal either on a folder

pylint lightly/

or on a specific file

pylint lightly/core.py

FAQ

Why should I care about self-supervised learning? Aren't pre-trained models from ImageNet much better for transfer learning?
- Self-supervised learning has become increasingly popular among scientists over the last year because the learned representations perform extraordinarily well on downstream tasks. This means that they capture the important information in an image better than other types of pre-trained models. By training a self-supervised model on your dataset, you can make sure that the representations have all the necessary information about your images.
How can I contribute?
- Create an issue if you encounter bugs or have ideas for features we should implement. You can also add your own code by forking this repository and creating a PR. More details about how to contribute with code is in our contribution guide.
Is this framework for free?
- Yes, this framework is completely free to use and we provide the source code. We believe that we need to make training deep learning models more data efficient to achieve widespread adoption. One step to achieve this goal is by leveraging self-supervised learning. The company behind Lightly is committed to keep this framework open-source.
If this framework is free, how is the company behind lightly making money?
- Training self-supervised models is only one part of our solution. The company behind lightly focuses on processing and analyzing embeddings created by self-supervised models. By building, what we call a self-supervised active learning loop we help companies understand and work with their data more efficiently. As the Lightly Solution is a freemium product, you can try it out for free. However, we will charge for some features.
- In any case this framework will always be free to use, even for commercial purposes.

Lightly in Research

BibTeX

If you want to cite the framework feel free to use this:

@article{susmelj2020lightly,
  title={Lightly},
  author={Igor Susmelj and Matthias Heller and Philipp Wirth and Jeremy Prescott and Malte Ebner et al.},
  journal={GitHub. Note: https://github.com/lightly-ai/lightly},
  year={2020}
}

myt889/lightly