An open source IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) for the ASCII character set. Version 0.56.
Main goals:
- doesn't look overly cluttered (compared to other ASCII IPA assignments)
- covers most if not all of the IPA
- shouldn't have a need to learn the sounds of arbitrary symbols like @, #, etc.
| Pulmonic Consonants | Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p b | t d | T D | c gj | k g | q G | ? | ||||
| Nasal | m | mg | n | nn | nj | ng | N | ||||
| Trill | bb | rr | rX | ||||||||
| Tap, flap | v" | r | RL | ||||||||
| Fricative | ff vv | f v | th th" | s z | sh zh | sz zz | sj zj | x x" | X X" | h- ?? | h H |
| Lateral fric. | hl hl" | ||||||||||
| Approximate | w" | r" | R" | j | W" | ||||||
| Lateral approx. | l | ll | jj | L |
table here
| Vowels | Front | Fr. Cen. | Central | Cen. Bk. | Back |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i i" | i- i-" | u u" | ||
| Half close-mid | y y" | uu | |||
| Close-mid | e e" | e- e-" | o o" | ||
| Half open-mid | ' | ||||
| Open-mid | oe oe" | ee ee" | oo oo" | ||
| Half open | ae | a- | |||
| Open | a a" | aa aa" |
- hw (voiceless labial-velar fricative)
- w (voiced labial-velar approximant)
- (voiced labial-palatal approximant)
- HH (voiceless epiglottal fricative) [to be changed]
- (voiced epiglottal fricative)
- (epiglottal plosive)
- (alveolo-palatal fricatives)
- (voiced alveolar lateral flap)
- (simultaneous S and X)
- ) (afficate and double articulation marker)
In situations where information is clear and uncluttered, the closing parenthesis is not mandatory.
| Description | Example | Description | Example | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voiceless | n(v), d(v) | Breathy voiced | b(,,), a(,V) | Dental | t(d), d(D) |
| Voiced | s(V), t(V) | Creaky voiced | b(~~), a(~V) | Apical | t(a), d(A) |
| Aspirated | t(h), d(h) | Linguolabial | t(m), d(M) | Laminal | t(L), d(L) |
| More rounded | O(R) | Labialised | t(w), d(W) | Nasalised | e~ |
| Less rounded | O(r) | Palatalised | t(j), d(J) | Nasal release | d(n), d(N) |
| Advanced | u(+) | Velarised | t(y), d(Y) | Lateral release | d(l) |
| Retracted | e(_) | Pharyngealised | t(?), d(?) | No audible release | d(-) |
| Centralised | e(..) | Velarised or pharyngealised | l(~) | Not a diagraph | t*H |
| Mid-centralised | e(x) | Raised | e(T) | ||
| Syllabic | n(.) | Lowered | e(t) | ||
| Non-syllabic | e(n) | Advanced tongue root | e(<) | ||
| Rhoticity | a(s) | Retracted tongue root | e(>) |
- , (primary stress)
- ,, (secondary stress)
- : (long)
- ; (half-long)
- = (extra short)
- | (minor foot break)
- || (major intonation break)
- . (syllable break)
- _ (linking without a break)
- '' (top level tone)
- ' (high level tone)
- "-" [without quotes; a single dash] (mid level tone)
- , (low level tone)
- ,, (bottom level tone)
- ^| (upstep) or? |'
- v| (downstep) or? |,
- v (rising contour tone)
- ^ (falling contour tone)
- -' (high rising contour tone)
- '- (low rising contour tone)
- ~ (rising-falling contour tone)
- ">/" or "/>" [without quotes or spaces] (global rise) or? /'
- ">\ or \ >" [without quotes or spaces] (global fall) or? \ ,