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Azure Spring Cloud

Deploy Spring microservices using Azure Spring Cloud and MySQL

spring-petclinic-microservices

Deploy Spring Microservices using Azure Spring Cloud and MySQL

Azure Spring Cloud enables you to easily run a Spring Boot based microservices application on Azure.

This quickstart shows you how to deploy an existing Java Spring Cloud application to Azure. When you're finished, you can continue to manage the application via the Azure CLI or switch to using the Azure Portal.

Deploy Spring Microservices using Azure Spring Cloud and MySQL

What will you experience

You will:

Build existing Spring microservices applications
Provision an Azure Spring Cloud service instance. If you prefer Terraform, you may also provision using Terraform, see README-terraform
Deploy applications to Azure
Bind applications to Azure Database for MySQL
Open the application
Monitor applications
Automate deployments using GitHub Actions
Manage application secrets using Azure KeyVault

What you will need

In order to deploy a Java app to cloud, you need an Azure subscription. If you do not already have an Azure subscription, you can activate your MSDN subscriber benefits or sign up for a free Azure account.

In addition, you will need the following:

Install the Azure CLI extension

Install the Azure Spring Cloud extension for the Azure CLI using the following command

    az extension add --name spring-cloud

Note - spring-cloud CLI extension 2.1.0 or later is a pre-requisite to enable the latest Java in-process agent for Application Insights. If you already have the CLI extension, you may need to upgrade to the latest using --

    az extension update --name spring-cloud

Clone and build the repo

Create a new folder and clone the sample app repository to your Azure Cloud account

    mkdir source-code
    git clone https://github.com/azure-samples/spring-petclinic-microservices

Change directory and build the project

    cd spring-petclinic-microservices
    mvn clean package -DskipTests -Denv=cloud

This will take a few minutes.

Provision Azure Spring Cloud service instance using Azure CLI

Prepare your environment for deployments

Create a bash script with environment variables by making a copy of the supplied template:

    cp .scripts/setup-env-variables-azure-template.sh .scripts/setup-env-variables-azure.sh

Open .scripts/setup-env-variables-azure.sh and enter the following information:

    export SUBSCRIPTION=subscription-id # customize this
    export RESOURCE_GROUP=resource-group-name # customize this
    ...
    export SPRING_CLOUD_SERVICE=azure-spring-cloud-name # customize this
    ...
    export MYSQL_SERVER_NAME=mysql-servername # customize this
    ...
    export MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_NAME=admin-name # customize this
    ...
    export MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD=SuperS3cr3t # customize this
    ...

Then, set the environment:

    source .scripts/setup-env-variables-azure.sh

Login to Azure

Login to the Azure CLI and choose your active subscription. Be sure to choose the active subscription that is whitelisted for Azure Spring Cloud

    az login
    az account list -o table
    az account set --subscription ${SUBSCRIPTION}

Create Azure Spring Cloud service instance

Prepare a name for your Azure Spring Cloud service. The name must be between 4 and 32 characters long and can contain only lowercase letters, numbers, and hyphens. The first character of the service name must be a letter and the last character must be either a letter or a number.

Create a resource group to contain your Azure Spring Cloud service.

    az group create --name ${RESOURCE_GROUP} \
        --location ${REGION}

Create an instance of Azure Spring Cloud.

    az spring-cloud create --name ${SPRING_CLOUD_SERVICE} \
        --sku standard --enable-java-agent \
        --resource-group ${RESOURCE_GROUP} \
        --location ${REGION}

The service instance will take around five minutes to deploy.

Set your default resource group name and cluster name using the following commands:

    az configure --defaults \
        group=${RESOURCE_GROUP} \
        location=${REGION} \
        spring-cloud=${SPRING_CLOUD_SERVICE}

Load Spring Cloud Config Server

Use the application.yml in the root of this project to load configuration into the Config Server in Azure Spring Cloud.

    az spring-cloud config-server set \
        --config-file application.yml \
        --name ${SPRING_CLOUD_SERVICE}

Create microservice applications

Create 5 microservice apps.

    az spring-cloud app create --name ${API_GATEWAY} --instance-count 1 --is-public true \
        --memory 2 \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m'
    
    az spring-cloud app create --name ${ADMIN_SERVER} --instance-count 1 --is-public true \
        --memory 2 \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m'
    
    az spring-cloud app create --name ${CUSTOMERS_SERVICE} --instance-count 1 \
        --memory 2 \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m'
    
    az spring-cloud app create --name ${VETS_SERVICE} --instance-count 1 \
        --memory 2 \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m'
    
    az spring-cloud app create --name ${VISITS_SERVICE} --instance-count 1 \
        --memory 2 \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m'

Create MySQL Database

Create a MySQL database in Azure Database for MySQL.

    // create mysql server
    az mysql server create --resource-group ${RESOURCE_GROUP} \
     --name ${MYSQL_SERVER_NAME}  --location ${REGION} \
     --admin-user ${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_NAME} \
     --admin-password ${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD} \
     --sku-name GP_Gen5_2 \
     --ssl-enforcement Disabled \
     --version 5.7
    
    // allow access from Azure resources
    az mysql server firewall-rule create --name allAzureIPs \
     --server ${MYSQL_SERVER_NAME} \
     --resource-group ${RESOURCE_GROUP} \
     --start-ip-address 0.0.0.0 --end-ip-address 0.0.0.0
    
    // allow access from your dev machine for testing
    az mysql server firewall-rule create --name devMachine \
     --server ${MYSQL_SERVER_NAME} \
     --resource-group ${RESOURCE_GROUP} \
     --start-ip-address <ip-address-of-your-dev-machine> \
     --end-ip-address <ip-address-of-your-dev-machine>
    
    // increase connection timeout
    az mysql server configuration set --name wait_timeout \
     --resource-group ${RESOURCE_GROUP} \
     --server ${MYSQL_SERVER_NAME} --value 2147483
    
    // SUBSTITUTE values
    mysql -u ${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_LOGIN_NAME} \
     -h ${MYSQL_SERVER_FULL_NAME} -P 3306 -p
    
    Enter password:
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 64379
    Server version: 5.6.39.0 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql> CREATE DATABASE petclinic;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)
    
    mysql> CREATE USER 'root' IDENTIFIED BY 'petclinic';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
    
    mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON petclinic.* TO 'root';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.29 sec)
    
    mysql> CALL mysql.az_load_timezone();
    Query OK, 3179 rows affected, 1 warning (6.34 sec)
    
    mysql> SELECT name FROM mysql.time_zone_name;
    ...
    
    mysql> quit
    Bye
    
    
    az mysql server configuration set --name time_zone \
     --resource-group ${RESOURCE_GROUP} \
     --server ${MYSQL_SERVER_NAME} --value "US/Pacific"

Deploy applications and set environment variables

Deploy microservice applications to Azure.

    az spring-cloud app deploy --name ${API_GATEWAY} \
        --jar-path ${API_GATEWAY_JAR} \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -Dspring.profiles.active=mysql'
    
    
    az spring-cloud app deploy --name ${ADMIN_SERVER} \
        --jar-path ${ADMIN_SERVER_JAR} \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -Dspring.profiles.active=mysql'
    
    
    az spring-cloud app deploy --name ${CUSTOMERS_SERVICE} \
        --jar-path ${CUSTOMERS_SERVICE_JAR} \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -Dspring.profiles.active=mysql' \
        --env MYSQL_SERVER_FULL_NAME=${MYSQL_SERVER_FULL_NAME} \
              MYSQL_DATABASE_NAME=${MYSQL_DATABASE_NAME} \
              MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_LOGIN_NAME=${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_LOGIN_NAME} \
              MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD}
    
    
    az spring-cloud app deploy --name ${VETS_SERVICE} \
        --jar-path ${VETS_SERVICE_JAR} \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -Dspring.profiles.active=mysql' \
        --env MYSQL_SERVER_FULL_NAME=${MYSQL_SERVER_FULL_NAME} \
              MYSQL_DATABASE_NAME=${MYSQL_DATABASE_NAME} \
              MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_LOGIN_NAME=${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_LOGIN_NAME} \
              MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD}
              
    
    az spring-cloud app deploy --name ${VISITS_SERVICE} \
        --jar-path ${VISITS_SERVICE_JAR} \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -Dspring.profiles.active=mysql' \
        --env MYSQL_SERVER_FULL_NAME=${MYSQL_SERVER_FULL_NAME} \
              MYSQL_DATABASE_NAME=${MYSQL_DATABASE_NAME} \
              MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_LOGIN_NAME=${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_LOGIN_NAME} \
              MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD}

    az spring-cloud app show --name ${API_GATEWAY} | grep url

Navigate to the URL provided by the previous command to open the Pet Clinic microservice application.

Monitor microservice applications

Open the Application Insights created by Azure Spring Cloud and start monitoring microservice applications.

Navigate to the Application Map blade:

Navigate to the Performance blade:

Navigate to the Performance/Dependenices blade - you can see the performance number for dependencies, particularly SQL calls:

Click on a SQL call to see the end-to-end transaction in context:

Navigate to the Failures/Exceptions blade - you can see a collection of exceptions:

Click on an exception to see the end-to-end transaction and stacktrace in context:

Navigate to the Metrics blade - you can see metrics contributed by Spring Boot apps, Spring Cloud modules, and dependencies. The chart below shows gateway-requests (Spring Cloud Gateway), hikaricp_connections (JDBC Connections) and http_client_requests.

Spring Boot registers a lot number of core metrics: JVM, CPU, Tomcat, Logback... The Spring Boot auto-configuration enables the instrumentation of requests handled by Spring MVC. All those three REST controllers OwnerResource, PetResource and VisitResource have been instrumented by the @Timed Micrometer annotation at class level.

customers-service application has the following custom metrics enabled:
- @Timed: petclinic.owner
- @Timed: petclinic.pet
visits-service application has the following custom metrics enabled:
- @Timed: petclinic.visit

You can see these custom metrics in the Metrics blade:

You can use the Availability Test feature in Application Insights and monitor the availability of applications:

Navigate to the Live Metrics blade - you can see live metrics on screen with low latencies < 1 second:

Automate deployments using GitHub Actions

Prepare secrets in your Key Vault

If you do not have a Key Vault yet, run the following commands to provision a Key Vault:

    export KEY_VAULT=your-keyvault-name # customize this
    az keyvault create --name ${KEY_VAULT} -g ${RESOURCE_GROUP}

Add the MySQL secrets to your Key Vault:

    az keyvault secret set --vault-name ${KEY_VAULT} --name "MYSQL-SERVER-FULL-NAME" --value ${MYSQL_SERVER_FULL_NAME}
    az keyvault secret set --vault-name ${KEY_VAULT} --name "MYSQL-DATABASE-NAME" --value ${MYSQL_DATABASE_NAME}
    az keyvault secret set --vault-name ${KEY_VAULT} --name "MYSQL-SERVER-ADMIN-LOGIN-NAME" --value ${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_LOGIN_NAME}
    az keyvault secret set --vault-name ${KEY_VAULT} --name "MYSQL-SERVER-ADMIN-PASSWORD" --value ${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD}

Create a service principal with enough scope/role to manage your Azure Spring Cloud instance:

    az ad sp create-for-rbac --role contributor --scopes /subscriptions/<SUBSCRIPTION_ID> --sdk-auth

With results:

    {
        "clientId": "<GUID>",
        "clientSecret": "<GUID>",
        "subscriptionId": "<GUID>",
        "tenantId": "<GUID>",
        "activeDirectoryEndpointUrl": "https://login.microsoftonline.com",
        "resourceManagerEndpointUrl": "https://management.azure.com/",
        "sqlManagementEndpointUrl": "https://management.core.windows.net:8443/",
        "galleryEndpointUrl": "https://gallery.azure.com/",
        "managementEndpointUrl": "https://management.core.windows.net/"
    }

Add them as secrets to your Key Vault:

    az keyvault secret set --vault-name ${KEY_VAULT} --name "AZURE-CREDENTIALS-FOR-SPRING" --value "<results above>"

Grant access to Key Vault with Service Principal

To generate a key to access the Key Vault, execute command below:

    az ad sp create-for-rbac --role contributor --scopes /subscriptions/<SUBSCRIPTION_ID>/resourceGroups/<RESOURCE_GROUP>/providers/Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/<KEY_VAULT> --sdk-auth

Then, follow the steps here to add access policy for the Service Principal.

In the end, add this service principal as secrets named "AZURE_CREDENTIALS" in your forked GitHub repo following the steps here.

Customize your workflow

Finally, edit the workfolw file .github/workflows/action.yml in your forked repo to fill in the names of resource group and the Azure Spring Cloud instance name that you just created:

    env:
      RESOURCE_GROUP: resource-group-name # customize this
      SPRING_CLOUD_SERVICE: azure-spring-cloud-name # customize this

After you commited this change, you will see GitHub Actions triggered to build and deploy all the apps in the repo to your Azure Spring Cloud instance.

Manage application secrets using Azure KeyVault

Use Azure Key Vault to store and load secrets to connect to MySQL database.

Create Azure Key Vault and store secrets

If you skipped the Automation step, create an Azure Key Vault and store database connection secrets.

    az keyvault create --name ${KEY_VAULT} -g ${RESOURCE_GROUP}
    export KEY_VAULT_URI=$(az keyvault show --name ${KEY_VAULT} | jq -r '.properties.vaultUri')

Store database connection secrets in Key Vault.

    az keyvault secret set --vault-name ${KEY_VAULT} \
        --name "MYSQL-SERVER-FULL-NAME" --value ${MYSQL_SERVER_FULL_NAME}
        
    az keyvault secret set --vault-name ${KEY_VAULT} \
        --name "MYSQL-DATABASE-NAME" --value ${MYSQL_DATABASE_NAME}
        
    az keyvault secret set --vault-name ${KEY_VAULT} \
        --name "MYSQL-SERVER-ADMIN-LOGIN-NAME" --value ${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_LOGIN_NAME}
        
    az keyvault secret set --vault-name ${KEY_VAULT} \
        --name "MYSQL-SERVER-ADMIN-PASSWORD" --value ${MYSQL_SERVER_ADMIN_PASSWORD}

Enable Managed Identities for applications in Azure Spring Cloud

Enable System Assigned Identities for applications and export identities to environment.

    az spring-cloud app identity assign --name ${CUSTOMERS_SERVICE}
    export CUSTOMERS_SERVICE_IDENTITY=$(az spring-cloud app show --name ${CUSTOMERS_SERVICE} | jq -r '.identity.principalId')
    
    az spring-cloud app identity assign --name ${VETS_SERVICE}
    export VETS_SERVICE_IDENTITY=$(az spring-cloud app show --name ${VETS_SERVICE} | jq -r '.identity.principalId')
    
    az spring-cloud app identity assign --name ${VISITS_SERVICE}
    export VISITS_SERVICE_IDENTITY=$(az spring-cloud app show --name ${VISITS_SERVICE} | jq -r '.identity.principalId')

Grant Managed Identities with access to Azure Key Vault

Add an access policy to Azure Key Vault to allow Managed Identities to read secrets.

    az keyvault set-policy --name ${KEY_VAULT} \
        --object-id ${CUSTOMERS_SERVICE_IDENTITY} --secret-permissions get list
        
    az keyvault set-policy --name ${KEY_VAULT} \
        --object-id ${VETS_SERVICE_IDENTITY} --secret-permissions get list
        
    az keyvault set-policy --name ${KEY_VAULT} \
        --object-id ${VISITS_SERVICE_IDENTITY} --secret-permissions get list

Activate applications to load secrets from Azure Key Vault

Activate applications to load secrets from Azure Key Vault.

    # DO NOT FORGET to replace the value for "azure.keyvault.uri" JVM startup parameter with your Key Vault URI
    az spring-cloud app update --name ${CUSTOMERS_SERVICE} \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -Dspring.profiles.active=mysql,key-vault -Dazure.keyvault.uri=https://petclinic-keyvault.vault.azure.net/' \
        --env
    
    # DO NOT FORGET to replace the value for "azure.keyvault.uri" JVM startup parameter with your Key Vault URI    
    az spring-cloud app update --name ${VETS_SERVICE} \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -Dspring.profiles.active=mysql,key-vault -Dazure.keyvault.uri=https://petclinic-keyvault.vault.azure.net/' \
        --env
    
    # DO NOT FORGET to replace the value for "azure.keyvault.uri" JVM startup parameter with your Key Vault URI       
    az spring-cloud app update --name ${VISITS_SERVICE} \
        --jvm-options='-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -Dspring.profiles.active=mysql,key-vault -Dazure.keyvault.uri=https://petclinic-keyvault.vault.azure.net/' \
        --env

Next Steps

In this quickstart, you've deployed an existing Spring microservices app using Azure CLI, Terraform and GitHub Actions. To learn more about Azure Spring Cloud, go to:

Credits

This Spring microservices sample is forked from spring-petclinic/spring-petclinic-microservices - see Petclinic README.

Contributing

This project welcomes contributions and suggestions. Most contributions require you to agree to a Contributor License Agreement (CLA) declaring that you have the right to, and actually do, grant us the rights to use your contribution. For details, visit https://cla.opensource.microsoft.com.

When you submit a pull request, a CLA bot will automatically determine whether you need to provide a CLA and decorate the PR appropriately (e.g., status check, comment). Simply follow the instructions provided by the bot. You will only need to do this once across all repos using our CLA.

This project has adopted the Microsoft Open Source Code of Conduct. For more information see the Code of Conduct FAQ or contact opencode@microsoft.com with any additional questions or comments.

ndimas/spring-petclinic-microservices