ThisAssembly

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Expose project and assembly level information as constants in the ThisAssembly class using source generators powered by Roslyn.

The main generated entry point type is ThisAssembly in the global namespace (by default), and is declared as partial so you can extend it too with manually created members.

Use $(ThisAssemblyNamespace) MSBuild property to set a root namespace for ThisAssembly.

Each package in turn extends this partial class to add their own nestes types and members.

The ThisAssembly meta-package includes all the other packages for convenience.

For now, ThisAssembly only generates C# code.

ThisAssembly.AssemblyInfo

This package generates a static ThisAssembly.Info class with public constants exposing the following attribute values generated by default for SDK style projects:

AssemblyConfigurationAttribute
AssemblyCompanyAttribute
AssemblyTitleAttribute
AssemblyDescriptionAttribute
AssemblyProductAttribute
AssemblyCopyrightAttribute
AssemblyVersionAttribute
AssemblyInformationalVersionAttribute
AssemblyFileVersionAttribute

If your project includes these attributes by other means, they will still be emitted properly on the ThisAssembly.Info class.

ThisAssembly.Constants

This package generates a static ThisAssembly.Constants class with public constants for @(Constant) MSBuild items in the project.

  <ItemGroup>
    <Constant Include="Foo.Bar" Value="Baz" Comment="Yay!" />
    <Constant Include="Foo.Hello" Value="World" Comment="Comments make everything better 😍" />
  </ItemGroup>

These constants can use values from MSBuild properties, making compile-time values configurable via environment variables or command line arguments. For example:

  <PropertyGroup>
    <HttpDefaultTimeoutSeconds>10</HttpDefaultTimeoutSeconds>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <Constant Include="Http.TimeoutSeconds" 
              Value="$(HttpDefaultTimeoutSeconds)" 
              Type="int" 
              Comment="Default timeout in seconds for HTTP requests" />
  </ItemGroup>

The C# code could consume this constant as follows:

public HttpClient CreateHttpClient(string name, int? timeout = default)
{
    HttpClient client = httpClientFactory.CreateClient(name);
    client.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeout ?? ThisAssembly.Constants.Http.TimeoutSeconds);
    return client;
}

Note how the constant is typed to int as specified in the Type attribute in MSBuild. The generated code uses the specified Type as-is, as well as the Value attribute in that case, so it's up to the user to ensure they match and result in valid C# code. For example, you can emit a boolean, long, double, etc.. If no type is provided, string is assumed. Values can also be multi-line and will use C# raw string literals if supported by the target language version (11+).

In this example, you could trivially change how your product behaves by setting the environment variable HttpDefaultTimeoutSeconds in CI. This is particularly useful for test projects, where you can easily change the behavior of the system under test without changing the code.

In addition to arbitrary constants via <Constant ...>, it's quite useful (in particular in test projects) to generate constants for files in the project, so there's also a shorthand for those:

  <ItemGroup>
    <FileConstant Include="@(Content)" />
  </ItemGroup>

Which results in:

ThisAssembly.Git

This package generates a static ThisAssembly.Git class with constants for the following Git properties from the current project:

Commit
Sha (first 9 chars from Commit)
Root (normalized to forward slashes)
Url (if PublishRepositoryUrl=true)
Branch (from CI environment variables)

This package relies on your project's installed Microsoft.SourceLink.* package reference according to your specific Git-based source control server (such as GitHub, Azure DevOps, BitBucket, etc).

NOTE: from .NET 8 SDK onwards, SourceLink is included by default, so you don't need to add it manually.

The Branch property is populated from environment variables provided by the currently supported CI systems: GitHub Actions, Azure DevOps, AppVeyor, TeamCity, Travis CI, Circle CI, GitLab CI, Buddy, and Jenkins.

Whenever the CI system provides a pull request number, the branch name is pr[NUMBER], such as pr123. This makes it easy to use it as a semver metadata label.

Note: by default, the values of these constants are populated during "real" builds (that is, not IDE/design-time builds used to populate intellisense). This is to avoid negatively affecting the editor's performance. This means, however, that the properties will seem to always be empty when inspecting them in the IDE (although never at run-time). If you want to force population of these values for design-time builds, set the EnableSourceControlManagerQueries property to true. This property is defined and documented by dotnet/sourcelink.

At the MSBuild level, targets can take a dependency on the provided InitializeGitInformation target, which sets the equivalent properties named:

RepositoryCommit
RepositorySha
RepositoryRoot
RepositoryUrl
RepositoryBranch

The names of these properties were chosen on purpose to match the properties used by nuget pack and nugetizer to populate the relevant package metadata.

So if you have a GitHub repository, installing these three packages will ensure you have the proper metadata out of the box and the simplest packaging experience possible:

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>netstandard2.0</TargetFramework>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.SourceLink.GitHub" />
    <PackageReference Include="ThisAssembly.Git" />
    <PackageReference Include="NuGetizer" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

ThisAssembly.Metadata

This package provides a static ThisAssembly.Metadata class with public constants exposing each [System.Reflection.AssemblyMetadata(..)] defined in the project file as supported by the .NET SDK.

The metadata attribute is declared using MSBuild syntax in the project (for .NET 5.0+ projects that have built-in support for @(AssemblyMetadata) items):

  <ItemGroup>
    <AssemblyMetadata Include="Foo" Value="Bar" />
  </ItemGroup>

And a corresponding ThisAssembly.Metadata.Foo constant with the value Bar is provided for this example.

ThisAssembly.Project

This package generates a static ThisAssembly.Project class with public constants exposing project properties that have been opted into this mechanism by adding them as ProjectProperty MSBuild items in the project file, such as:

  <PropertyGroup>
    <!-- Some arbitrary MSBuild property declared somewhere -->
    <Foo>Bar</Foo>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <!-- Opt-in to emitting that property value as a constant in ThisAssembly.Project -->
    <ProjectProperty Include="Foo" Comment="This comment replaces the default comment :)" />
  </ItemGroup>

ThisAssembly.Resources

This package generates a static ThisAssembly.Resources class with public properties exposing shortcuts to retrieve the contents of embedded resources.

This package generates a static ThisAssembly.Resources class with public properties exposing typed APIs to retrieve the contents of embedded resources.

  <ItemGroup>
    <EmbeddedResource Include="Content/Docs/License.md" />
  </ItemGroup>

Since markdown files are text files, the API will expose a Text property property for it that will read its content once and cache it:

The $(EmbeddedResourceStringExtensions) MSBuild property allows customizing which file extensions get treated as text files. By default, it's defined as:

  <PropertyGroup>
    <EmbeddedResourceStringExtensions>.txt|.cs|.sql|.json|.md</EmbeddedResourceStringExtensions>
  </PropertyGroup>

You can append additional file extensions to this list, or override it completely. The list must be pipe-separated.

You can always use the provided GetStream and GetBytes for more advanced scenarios (or for non-text resources).

Optionally, you can specify the Kind metadata for a specific EmbeddedResource you want treated as a text file:

<ItemGroup>
    <EmbeddedResource Include="query.kql" Kind="Text" />
</ItemGroup>

You can also add a Comment item metadata attribute, which will be used as the <summary> XML doc for the generated member.

Adding dynamic resources

You can also provide additional embedded resources dynamically, by running a target before PrepareEmbeddedResources:

  <Target Name="AddDynamicResources" BeforeTargets="PrepareEmbeddedResources">
    <ItemGroup>
      <EmbeddedResource Include="Content/Docs/$(Configuration).md" />
    </ItemGroup>
  </Target>

Customizing the generated code

The following MSBuild properties can be used to customize the generated code:

Property	Description
ThisAssemblyNamespace	Sets the namespace of the generated `ThisAssembly` root class. If not set, it will be in the global namespace.
ThisAssemblyVisibility	Sets the visibility modifier of the generated `ThisAssembly` root class. If not set, it will be internal.

ThisAssembly.Strings

This package generates a static ThisAssembly.Strings class with public constants exposing string resources in .resx files or methods with the right number of parameters for strings that use formatting parameters.

In addition, it groups constants and methods in nested classes according to an optional underscore separator to organize strings. For example, User_InvalidCredentials can be accessed with ThisAssembly.Strings.User.InvalidCredentials if it contains a simple string, or as a method with the right number of parametres if its value has a format string.

Given the following Resx file:

Name	Value	Comment
Infrastructure_MissingService	Service {0} is required.	For logging only!
Shopping_NoShipping	We cannot ship {0} to {1}.
Shopping_OutOfStock	Product is out of stock at this time.
Shopping_AvailableOn	Product available on {date:yyyy-MM}.

The following code would be generated:

partial class ThisAssembly
{
    public static partial class Strings
    {
        public static partial class Infrastructure
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// For logging only!
            /// => "Service {0} is required."
            /// </summary>
            public static string MissingService(object arg0)
                => string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, 
                    Strings.GetResourceManager("ThisStore.Properties.Resources").GetString("MissingService"), 
                    arg0);
        }

        public static partial class Shopping
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// => "We cannot ship {0} to {1}."
            /// </summary>
            public static string NoShipping(object arg0, object arg1)
                => string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, 
                    Strings.GetResourceManager("ThisStore.Properties.Resources").GetString("NoShipping"), 
                    arg0, arg1);

            /// <summary>
            /// => "Product is out of stock at this time."
            /// </summary>
            public static string OutOfStock
                => Strings.GetResourceManager("ThisStore.Properties.Resources").GetString("OutOfStock");

            /// <summary>
            /// Product available on {date:yyyy-MM}.
            /// </summary>
            public static string AvailableOn(object date) 
                => string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, 
                    Strings.GetResourceManager("ThisAssemblyTests.Resources").GetString("WithNamedFormat").Replace("{date:yyyy-MM}", "{0}"), 
                    ((IFormattable)date).ToString("yyyy-MM", CultureInfo.CurrentCulture));
        }
    }
}

Customizing the generated code

The following MSBuild properties can be used to customize the generated code:

Property	Description
ThisAssemblyNamespace	Sets the namespace of the generated `ThisAssembly` root class. If not set, it will be in the global namespace.
ThisAssemblyVisibility	Sets the visibility modifier of the generated `ThisAssembly` root class. If not set, it will be internal.

ThisAssembly.Vsix

Allows consuming VSIX manifest properties from code, as well as MSBuild project properties from the VSIX manifest. For example:

In addition to making the VSIX manifest metadata properties available as constants, the package also provides targets for those properties with sensible defaults from project properties so that the manifest can leverage placeolder syntax and avoid duplication in the source.extension.vsixmanifest:

<PackageManifest Version="2.0.0" ...>
  <Metadata>
    <!-- You can use the |ProjectName;TargetName| syntax throughout this manifest, BTW -->
    <Identity Id="|%CurrentProject%;VsixId|" Version="|%CurrentProject%;VsixVersion|" Language="|%CurrentProject%;VsixLanguage|" Publisher="|%CurrentProject%;VsixPublisher|" />
    <DisplayName>|%CurrentProject%;VsixDisplayName|</DisplayName>
    <Description>|%CurrentProject%;VsixDescription|</Description>
  </Metadata>
  ...
</PackageManifest>

The available properties and their default values are:

Name	Default Value
VsixID	`$(PackageId)` or `$(AssemblyName)`
VsixVersion	`$(Version)`
VsixDisplayName	`$(Title)`
VsixDescription	`$(Description)`
VsixProduct	`$(Product)`
VsixPublisher	`$(Company)`
VsixLanguage	`$(NeutralLanguage)` or 'en-US'

As shown in the example above, the syntax for using these properties from the source.extension.vsixmanifest is |%CurrentProject%;[PROPERTY]|. This is because the package defines a corresponding target to retrieve each of the above properties. You can provide a different value for each property via MSBuild as usual, of course.

Since the $(PackageId) property can be used as the VSIX ID, the Pack target is redefined to mean CreateVsixManifest, so "packing" the VSIX is just a matter of right-clicking the VSIX project and selecting "Pack".

Customizing the generated code

Set the $(ThisAssemblyNamespace) MSBuild property to set the namespace of the generated ThisAssembly root class. Otherwise, it will be generated in the global namespace.

The generated root ThisAssembly class is partial and has no visibility modifier by default, making it internal by default in C#.

You can set the $(ThisAssemblyVisibility) MSBuild property to public to make it public. This will also change all constants to be static readonly properties instead.

Default:

partial class ThisAssembly
{
    public partial class Constants
    {
        public const string Hello = "World";
    }
}

In this case, the compiler will inline the constants directly into the consuming code at the call site, which is optimal for performance for the common usage of constants.

Public:

public partial class ThisAssembly
{
    public partial class Constants
    {
        public static string Hello => "World";
    }
}

This makes it possible for consuming code to remain unchanged and not require a recompile when the the values of ThisAssembly are changed in a referenced assembly.

If you want to keep the properties as constants, you can instead extend the generated code by defining another partial that can modify its visibility as needed (or add new members).

// makes the generated class public
public partial ThisAssembly 
{
    // Nested classes are always public since the outer class 
    // already limits their visibility
    partial class Constants 
    {
        // add some custom constants
        public const string MyConstant = "This isn't configurable via MSBuild";

        // generated code will remain as constants
    }
}