Keycloak Metrics SPI
A Service Provider that adds a metrics endpoint to Keycloak. The endpoint returns metrics data ready to be scraped by Prometheus.
Two distinct providers are defined:
- MetricsEventListener to record the internal Keycloak events
- MetricsEndpoint to expose the data through a custom endpoint
The endpoint lives under <url>/auth/realms/<realm>/metrics. It will return data for all realms, no matter which realm
you use in the URL (you can just default to /auth/realms/master/metrics).
License
See LICENSE file
Running the tests
$ ./gradlew testBuild
The project is packaged as a jar file and bundles the prometheus client libraries.
$ ./gradlew jarbuilds the jar and writes it to build/libs.
Configurable versions for some packages
You can build the project using a different version of Keycloak or Prometheus, running the command:
$ ./gradlew -PkeycloakVersion="4.7.0.Final" -PprometheusVersion="0.3.0" jaror by changing the gradle.properties file in the root of the project.
Install and setup
This section assumes
/opt/jbossas the Keycloak home directory, which is used on the jboss/keycloak reference container on Docker Hub.
-
Drop the jar into the /opt/jboss/keycloak/standalone/deployments/ subdirectory of your Keycloak installation.
-
Touch a dodeploy file into the /opt/jboss/keycloak/standalone/deployments/ subdirectory of your Keycloak installation.
# If your jar file is `keycloak-metrics-spi-2.0.2.jar`
cd /opt/jboss/keycloak/standalone/deployments/
touch keycloak-metrics-spi-2.0.2.jar.dodeploy- Restart the keycloak service.
Enable metrics-listener event
-
To enable the event listener via the GUI interface, go to Manage -> Events -> Config. The Event Listeners configuration should have an entry named
metrics-listener. -
To enable the event listener via the Keycloak CLI, such as when building a Docker container, use these commands.
$ /opt/jboss/keycloak/bin/kcadm.sh config credentials --server http://localhost:8080/auth --realm master --user $KEYCLOAK_USER --password $KEYCLOAK_PASSWORD
$ /opt/jboss/keycloak/bin/kcadm.sh update events/config -s "eventsEnabled=true" -s "adminEventsEnabled=true" -s "eventsListeners+=metrics-listener"
$ usr/bin/rm -f /opt/jboss/.keycloak/kcadm.configPushGateway
If you are running keycloak in a cluster or if you are running behind a load balancer, you might have problems scraping the metrics endpoint of each node. To fix this, you can push your metrics to a PushGateway.
You can enable pushing to PushGateway by setting the environment variable PROMETHEUS_PUSHGATEWAY_ADDRESS in the keycloak
instance. The format is host:port or ip:port of the Pushgateway.
Grouping instances
The default value for the grouping key "instance" is the IP. This can be changed setting the environment variable PROMETHEUS_GROUPING_KEY_INSTANCE
to a fixed value. Additionaly, if the value provided starts with the prefix ENVVALUE:,
the string after the : will be used to get the value from the environment variable with that name.
For example, with the next setting:
PROMETHEUS_GROUPING_KEY_INSTANCE=ENVVALUE:HOSTNAME
instance will have the value of the environment variable HOSTNAME
Grouping instances by cluster
if you have multiple KeyCloak clusters on the same runtime then you might like to groups instances by cluster's name.
That's the purpose of the environment variable PROMETHEUS_PUSHGATEWAY_JOB.
The default job value is keycloak for all the instances.
For example for all the instances of a KeyCloak cluster #1 you can set:
PROMETHEUS_PUSHGATEWAY_JOB="keycloak-cluster1"Metrics
For each metric, the endpoint returns 2 or more lines of information:
- # HELP: A small description provided by the SPI.
- # TYPE: The type of metric, namely counter and gauge. More info about types at prometheus.io/docs.
- Provided there were any values, the last one recorded. If no value has been recorded yet, no more lines will be given.
- In case the same metric have different labels, there is a different line for each one. By default all metrics are labeled by realm. More info about labels at prometheus.io/docs.
Example:
# HELP jvm_memory_bytes_committed Committed (bytes) of a given JVM memory area.
# TYPE jvm_memory_bytes_committed gauge
jvm_memory_bytes_committed{area="heap",} 2.00802304E8
jvm_memory_bytes_committed{area="nonheap",} 2.0217856E8JVM performance
A variety of JVM metrics are provided
Generic events
Every single internal Keycloak event is being shared through the endpoint, with the descriptions Generic Keycloak User event or Generic Keycloak Admin event. Most of these events are not likely useful for the majority users but are provided for good measure. A complete list of the events can be found at Keycloak documentation.
Featured events
There are however a few events that are particularly more useful from a mobile app perspective. These events have been overriden by the SPI and are described more thoroughly below.
keycloak_login_attempts
This counter counts every login attempt performed by a non-admin user. It also distinguishes logins by the utilised identity provider by means of the label provider and by client with the label client_id..
# HELP keycloak_login_attempts Total number of login attempts
# TYPE keycloak_login_attempts counter
keycloak_login_attempts{realm="test",provider="keycloak",client_id="account"} 3.0
keycloak_login_attempts{realm="test",provider="github",client_id="application1"} 2.0keycloak_logins
This counter counts every login performed by a non-admin user. It also distinguishes logins by the utilised identity provider by means of the label provider and by client with the label client_id..
# HELP keycloak_logins Total successful logins
# TYPE keycloak_logins counter
keycloak_logins{realm="test",provider="keycloak",client_id="account"} 3.0
keycloak_logins{realm="test",provider="github",client_id="application1"} 2.0keycloak_failed_login_attempts
This counter counts every login performed by a non-admin user that fails, being the error described by the label error. It also distinguishes logins by the identity provider used by means of the label provider and by client with the label client_id.
# HELP keycloak_failed_login_attempts Total failed login attempts
# TYPE keycloak_failed_login_attempts counter
keycloak_failed_login_attempts{realm="test",provider="keycloak",error="invalid_user_credentials",client_id="application1"} 6.0
keycloak_failed_login_attempts{realm="test",provider="keycloak",error="user_not_found",client_id="application1"} 2.0keycloak_client_logins
This counter counts every client login.
# HELP keycloak_client_logins Total successful client logins
# TYPE keycloak_client_logins counter
keycloak_client_logins{realm="test",provider="keycloak",client_id="account"} 4.0
keycloak_client_logins{realm="test",provider="github",client_id="application2"} 7.0keycloak_failed_client_login_attempts
This counter counts every client login performed that fails, being the error described by the label error.
# HELP keycloak_failed_client_login_attempts Total failed client login attempts
# TYPE keycloak_failed_client_login_attempts counter
keycloak_failed_client_login_attempts{realm="test2",provider="keycloak",error="invalid_client_credentials",client_id="application2"} 5.0
keycloak_failed_client_login_attempts{realm="test2",provider="keycloak",error="client_not_found",client_id="application2"} 3.0keycloak_refresh_tokens
This counter counts every refresh token.
# HELP keycloak_refresh_tokens Total number of successful token refreshes
# TYPE keycloak_refresh_tokens counter
keycloak_refresh_tokens{realm="test3",provider="keycloak",client_id="account"} 1.0
keycloak_refresh_tokens{realm="test3",provider="github",client_id="application3"} 2.0keycloak_refresh_tokens_errors
This counter counts every refresh token that fails.
# HELP keycloak_refresh_tokens_errors Total number of failed token refreshes
# TYPE keycloak_refresh_tokens_errors counter
keycloak_refresh_tokens_errors{realm="test3",provider="keycloak",error="invalid_token",client_id="application3"} 3.0keycloak_registrations
This counter counts every new user registration. It also distinguishes registrations by the identity provider used by means of the label provider and by client with the label client_id..
# HELP keycloak_registrations Total registered users
# TYPE keycloak_registrations counter
keycloak_registrations{realm="test",provider="keycloak",client_id="application1"} 1.0
keycloak_registrations{realm="test",provider="github",client_id="application1"} 1.0keycloak_registrations_errors
This counter counts every new user registration that fails, being the error described by the label error. It also distinguishes registrations by the identity provider used by means of the label provider and by client with the label client_id..
# HELP keycloak_registrations_errors Total errors on registrations
# TYPE keycloak_registrations_errors counter
keycloak_registrations_errors{realm="test",provider="keycloak",error="invalid_registration",client_id="application1",} 2.0
keycloak_registrations_errors{realm="test",provider="keycloak",error="email_in_use",client_id="application1",} 3.0keycloak_code_to_tokens
This counter counts every code to token.
# HELP keycloak_code_to_tokens Total number of successful code to token
# TYPE keycloak_code_to_tokens counter
keycloak_code_to_tokens{realm="test4",provider="keycloak",client_id="account"} 3.0
keycloak_code_to_tokens{realm="test4",provider="github",client_id="application4"} 1.0keycloak_code_to_tokens_errors
This counter counts every code to token performed that fails, being the error described by the label error.
# HELP keycloak_code_to_tokens_errors Total number of failed code to token
# TYPE keycloak_code_to_tokens_errors counter
keycloak_code_to_tokens_errors{realm="test4",provider="keycloak",error="invalid_client_credentials",client_id="application4"} 7.0keycloak_request_duration
This histogram records the response times per http method and puts them in one of nine buckets:
- Requests that take 50ms or less
- Requests that take 100ms or less
- Requests that take 250ms or less
- Requests that take 500ms or less
- Requests that take 1s or less
- Requests that take 2s or less
- Requests that take 10s or less
- Requests that take 30s or less
- Any request that takes longer than 30s
The response from this type of metrics has the following format:
# HELP keycloak_request_duration Request duration
# TYPE keycloak_request_duration histogram
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{method="PUT",le="50.0",} 0.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{method="PUT",le="100.0",} 0.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{method="PUT",le="250.0",} 0.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{method="PUT",le="500.0",} 0.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{method="PUT",le="1000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{method="PUT",le="2000.0",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{method="PUT",le="10000.0",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{method="PUT",le="30000.0",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{method="PUT",le="+Inf",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_count{method="PUT",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_sum{method="PUT",} 3083.0This tells you that there have been zero requests that took less than 500ms. There was one request that took less than 1s. All the other requests took less than 2s.
Aside from the buckets there are also the sum and count metrics for every method. In the above example they tell you that there have been two requests total for this http method. The sum of all response times for this combination is 3083ms.
To get the average request duration over the last five minutes for the whole server you can use the following Prometheus query:
rate(keycloak_request_duration_sum[5m]) / rate(keycloak_request_duration_count[5m])keycloak_response_errors
This counter counts the number of response errors (responses where the http status code is in the 400 or 500 range).
# HELP keycloak_response_errors Total number of error responses
# TYPE keycloak_response_errors counter
keycloak_response_errors{code="500",method="GET",} 1Metrics URI
The URI can be added to the metrics by setting the environment variable URI_METRICS_ENABLED to true.
This will output a consolidated realm URI value to the metrics. The realm value is replaced with a generic {realm} value
# HELP keycloak_request_duration Request duration
# TYPE keycloak_request_duration histogram
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/3p-cookies/step2.html",le="50.0",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/3p-cookies/step2.html",le="100.0",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/3p-cookies/step2.html",le="250.0",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/3p-cookies/step2.html",le="500.0",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/3p-cookies/step2.html",le="1000.0",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/3p-cookies/step2.html",le="2000.0",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/3p-cookies/step2.html",le="10000.0",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/3p-cookies/step2.html",le="30000.0",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/3p-cookies/step2.html",le="+Inf",} 2.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="admin/{realm}/console/whoami",le="50.0",} 0.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="admin/{realm}/console/whoami",le="100.0",} 0.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="admin/{realm}/console/whoami",le="250.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="admin/{realm}/console/whoami",le="500.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="admin/{realm}/console/whoami",le="1000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="admin/{realm}/console/whoami",le="2000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="admin/{realm}/console/whoami",le="10000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="admin/{realm}/console/whoami",le="30000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="admin/{realm}/console/whoami",le="+Inf",} 1.0If the quanitiy of metrics is too high they can also be filtered to specific values using the URI_METRICS_FILTER e.g token,clients.
This is a comman delimited value of keywords to search and display the required URIs.
# HELP keycloak_request_duration Request duration
# TYPE keycloak_request_duration histogram
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="50.0",} 0.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="100.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="250.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="500.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="1000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="2000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="10000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="30000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/{realm}/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="+Inf",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="",le="50.0",} 4.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="",le="100.0",} 5.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="",le="250.0",} 6.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="",le="500.0",} 6.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="",le="1000.0",} 6.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="",le="2000.0",} 6.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="",le="10000.0",} 6.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="",le="30000.0",} 6.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="",le="+Inf",} 6.0
keycloak_request_duration_count{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="",} 6.0
keycloak_request_duration_sum{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/master/console",uri="",} 274.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="50.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="100.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="250.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="500.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="1000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="2000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="10000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="30000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="+Inf",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_count{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",} 1.0To remove the consolidated realm URI, set URI_METRICS_DETAILED to true
# HELP keycloak_request_duration Request duration
# TYPE keycloak_request_duration histogram
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="50.0",} 0.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="100.0",} 0.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="250.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="500.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="1000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="2000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="10000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="30000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="POST",resource="realms,realms/master/protocol/openid-connect",uri="realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token",le="+Inf",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="50.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="100.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="250.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="500.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="1000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="2000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="10000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="30000.0",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_bucket{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",le="+Inf",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_count{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",} 1.0
keycloak_request_duration_sum{code="200",method="GET",resource="admin,admin/serverinfo",uri="",} 19.0External Access
To disable metrics being externally accessible to a cluster. Set the environment variable 'DISABLE_EXTERNAL_ACCESS'. Once set enable the header 'X-Forwarded-Host' on your proxy. This is enabled by default on HA Proxy on Openshift.
Grafana Dashboard
You can use this dashboard or create yours https://grafana.com/dashboards/10441