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ServiceStack.Text is an independent, dependency-free assembly that contains all of ServiceStack's text processing functionality, including:
- JsonSerializer
- TypeSerializer (JSV-Format)
- CsvSerializer
- T.Dump extension method
- StringExtensions - Xml/Json/Csv/Url encoding, BaseConvert, Rot13, Hex escape, etc.
- Stream, Reflection, List, DateTime, etc extensions and utils
For reasons outlined in this blog post I decided to re-use TypeSerializer's text processing-core to create ServiceStack.JsonSerializer - the fastest JSON Serializer for .NET. Based on the Northwind Benchmarks it's 3.6x faster than .NET's BCL JsonDataContractSerializer and 3x faster then the previous fastest JSON serializer benchmarked - JSON.NET.
As CSV is an important format in many data access and migration scenarios, it became the latest format included in ServiceStack which allows all your existing web services to take advantage of the new format without config or code-changes. As its built using the same tech that makes the JSON and JSV serializers so fast, we expect it to be the fastest POCO CSV Serializer for .NET.
Included in this project is TypeSerializer - The fastest and most compact text-based serializer for .NET. It's a light-weight compact Text Serializer which can be used to serialize any .NET data type including your own custom POCO's and DataContract's. More info on its JSV Format can be found on the introductory post.
Another useful library to have in your .NET toolbox is the T.Dump() Extension Method. Under the hood it uses a Pretty Print Output of the JSV Format to recursively dump the contents of any .NET object. Example usage and output:
var model = new TestModel();
Console.WriteLine(model.Dump());
//Example Output
{
Int: 1,
String: One,
DateTime: 2010-04-11,
Guid: c050437f6fcd46be9b2d0806a0860b3e,
EmptyIntList: [],
IntList:
[
1,
2,
3
],
StringList:
[
one,
two,
three
],
StringIntMap:
{
a: 1,
b: 2,
c: 3
}
}
ServiceStack.Text is included with ServiceStack.zip
or available to download separately in a standalone ServiceStack.Text.zip.
#TypeSerializer Details
Out of the box .NET provides a fairly quick but verbose Xml DataContractSerializer or a slightly more compact but slower JsonDataContractSerializer. Both of these options are fragile and likely to break with any significant schema changes. TypeSerializer addresses these shortcomings by being both smaller and significantly faster than the most popular options. It's also more resilient, e.g. a strongly-typed POCO object can be deserialized back into a loosely-typed string Dictionary and vice-versa.
With that in mind, TypeSerializer's main features are:
- Fastest and most compact text-serializer for .NET
- Human readable and writeable, self-describing text format
- Non-invasive and configuration-free
- Resilient to schema changes
- Serializes / De-serializes any .NET data type (by convention)
- Supports custom, compact serialization of structs by overriding
ToString()andstatic T Parse(string)methods - Can serialize inherited, interface or 'late-bound objects' data types
- Respects opt-in DataMember custom serialization for DataContract dto types.
- Supports custom, compact serialization of structs by overriding
These characteristics make it ideal for use anywhere you need to store or transport .NET data-types, e.g. for text blobs in a ORM, data in and out of a key-value store or as the text-protocol in .NET to .NET web services.
As such, it's utilized within ServiceStack's other components:
- OrmLite - to store complex types on table models as text blobs in a database field and
- ServiceStack.Redis - to store rich POCO data types into the very fast redis instances.
Like most of the interfaces in Service Stack, the API is simple and descriptive. In most cases these are the only methods that you would commonly use:
string TypeSerializer.SerializeToString<T>(T value);
void TypeSerializer.SerializeToWriter<T>(T value, TextWriter writer);
T TypeSerializer.DeserializeFromString<T>(string value);
T TypeSerializer.DeserializeFromReader<T>(TextReader reader);
Where T can be any .NET POCO type. That's all there is - the API was intentionally left simple :)
You may also be interested in the very useful T.Dump() extension method for recursively viewing the contents of any C# POCO Type.
Type Serializer is actually the fastest and most compact text serializer available for .NET. Out of all the serializers benchmarked, it is the only one to remain competitive with protobuf-net's very fast implementation of Protocol Buffers - google's high-speed binary protocol.
Below is a series of benchmarks serialize the different tables in the Northwind database (3202 records) with the most popular serializers available for .NET:
Combined results for serializing / deserialzing a single row of each table in the Northwind database 1,000,000 times
| Serializer | Size | Peformance |
|---|---|---|
| Microsoft DataContractSerializer | 4.68x | 6.72x |
| Microsoft JsonDataContractSerializer | 2.24x | 10.18x |
| Microsoft BinaryFormatter | 5.62x | 9.06x |
| NewtonSoft.Json | 2.30x | 8.15x |
| ProtoBuf.net | 1x | 1x |
| ServiceStack TypeSerializer | 1.78x | 1.92x |
number of times larger in size and slower in performance than the best - lower is better
Microsoft's JavaScriptSerializer was also benchmarked but excluded as it was up to 280x times slower - basically don't use it, ever.
Type Serializer uses a hybrid CSV-style escaping + JavaScript-like text-based format that is optimized for both size and speed. I'm naming this JSV-format (i.e. JSON + CSV)
In many ways it is similar to JavaScript, e.g. any List, Array, Collection of ints, longs, etc are stored in exactly the same way, i.e: [1,2,3,4,5]
Any IDictionary is serialized like JavaScript, i.e: {A:1,B:2,C:3,D:4}
Which also happens to be the same as C# POCO class with the values
new MyClass { A=1, B=2, C=3, D=4 }
{A:1,B:2,C:3,D:4}
JSV is white-space significant, which means normal string values can be serialized without quotes, e.g:
new MyClass { Foo="Bar", Greet="Hello World!"} is serialized as:
{Foo:Bar,Greet:Hello World!}
Any string with any of the following characters: []{},"
is escaped using CSV-style escaping where the value is wrapped in double quotes, e.g:
new MyClass { Name = "Me, Junior" } is serialized as:
{Name:"Me, Junior"}
A value with a double-quote is escaped with another double quote e.g:
new MyClass { Size = "2\" x 1\"" } is serialized as:
{Size:"2"" x 1"""}
To better illustrate the resilience of TypeSerializer and the JSV Format check out a real world example of it when it's used to Painlessly migrate between old and new types in Redis.
Support for dynamic payloads and late-bound objects is explained in the post Versatility of JSV Late-bound objects.