- What is this?
- Assumptions
- What's in here?
- Bootstrap the project
- Hide project secrets
- Add a page to the site
- Run the project
- Compile static assets
- Test the rendered app
- Deploy to S3
- Deploy to EC2
- Install cron jobs
- Install web services
- Run a remote fab command
An experiment in zero-infrastructure charting.
The following things are assumed to be true in this documentation.
- You are running OSX.
- You are using Python 2.7. (Probably the version that came OSX.)
- You have virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper installed and working.
- You have NPR's AWS credentials stored as environment variables locally.
For more details on the technology stack used with the app-template, see our development environment blog post.
The project contains the following folders and important files:
confs
-- Server configuration files for nginx and uwsgi. Edit the templates thenfab <ENV> servers.render_confs
, don't edit anything inconfs/rendered
directly.fabfile
-- Fabric commands for automating setup, deployment, data processing, etc.jst
-- Javascript (Underscore.js) templates.less
-- LESS files, will be compiled to CSS and concatenated for deployment.templates
-- HTML (Jinja2) templates, to be compiled locally.www
-- Static and compiled assets to be deployed. (a.k.a. "the output")app.py
-- A Flask app for rendering the project locally.app_config.py
-- Global project configuration for scripts, deployment, etc.crontab
-- Cron jobs to be installed as part of the project.public_app.py
-- A Flask app for running server-side code.render_utils.py
-- Code supporting template rendering.requirements.txt
-- Python requirements.static.py
-- Static Flask views used in bothapp.py
andpublic_app.py
.
Node.js is required for the static asset pipeline. If you don't already have it, get it like this:
brew install node
curl https://npmjs.org/install.sh | sh
Then bootstrap the project:
cd median
mkvirtualenv median
pip install -r requirements.txt
npm install
fab update
Problems installing requirements? You may need to run the pip command as ARCHFLAGS=-Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future pip install -r requirements.txt
to work around an issue with OSX.
Project secrets should never be stored in app_config.py
or anywhere else in the repository. They will be leaked to the client if you do. Instead, always store passwords, keys, etc. in environment variables and document that they are needed here in the README.
Any environment variable that starts with $PROJECT_SLUG_
will be automatically loaded when app_config.get_secrets()
is called.
A site can have any number of rendered pages, each with a corresponding template and view. To create a new one:
- Add a template to the
templates
directory. Ensure it extends_base.html
. - Add a corresponding view function to
app.py
. Decorate it with a route to the page name, i.e.@app.route('/filename.html')
- By convention only views that end with
.html
and do not start with_
will automatically be rendered when you callfab render
.
A flask app is used to run the project locally. It will automatically recompile templates and assets on demand.
workon $PROJECT_SLUG
fab app
Visit localhost:8000 in your browser.
Compile LESS to CSS, compile javascript templates to Javascript and minify all assets:
workon median
fab render
(This is done automatically whenever you deploy to S3.)
If you want to test the app once you've rendered it out, just use the Python webserver:
cd www
python -m SimpleHTTPServer
fab staging master deploy
You can deploy to EC2 for a variety of reasons. We cover two cases: Running a dynamic web application (public_app.py
) and executing cron jobs (crontab
).
Servers capable of running the app can be setup using our servers project.
For running a Web application:
- In
app_config.py
setDEPLOY_TO_SERVERS
toTrue
. - Also in
app_config.py
setDEPLOY_WEB_SERVICES
toTrue
. - Run
fab staging master servers.setup
to configure the server. - Run
fab staging master deploy
to deploy the app.
For running cron jobs:
- In
app_config.py
setDEPLOY_TO_SERVERS
toTrue
. - Also in
app_config.py
, setINSTALL_CRONTAB
toTrue
- Run
fab staging master servers.setup
to configure the server. - Run
fab staging master deploy
to deploy the app.
You can configure your EC2 instance to both run Web services and execute cron jobs; just set both environment variables in the fabfile.
Cron jobs are defined in the file crontab
. Each task should use the cron.sh
shim to ensure the project's virtualenv is properly activated prior to execution. For example:
* * * * * ubuntu bash /home/ubuntu/apps/median/repository/cron.sh fab $DEPLOYMENT_TARGET cron_jobs.test
To install your crontab set INSTALL_CRONTAB
to True
in app_config.py
. Cron jobs will be automatically installed each time you deploy to EC2.
The cron jobs themselves should be defined in fabfile/cron_jobs.py
whenever possible.
Web services are configured in the confs/
folder.
Running fab servers.setup
will deploy your confs if you have set DEPLOY_TO_SERVERS
and DEPLOY_WEB_SERVICES
both to True
at the top of app_config.py
.
To check that these files are being properly rendered, you can render them locally and see the results in the confs/rendered/
directory.
fab servers.render_confs
You can also deploy only configuration files by running (normally this is invoked by deploy
):
fab servers.deploy_confs
Sometimes it makes sense to run a fabric command on the server, for instance, when you need to render using a production database. You can do this with the fabcast
fabric command. For example:
fab staging master servers.fabcast:deploy
If any of the commands you run themselves require executing on the server, the server will SSH into itself to run them.