KS3 SDK for python使用指南
开发前准备
安装依赖模块
pip install six
安装python sdk
在线安装
pip install ks3sdk
本地安装
1、通过git下载SDK到本地
git clone https://github.com/ks3sdk/ks3-python-sdk.git
2、进入ks3-python-sdk目录
cd ks3-python-sdk
3、安装SDK
python setup.py install
初始化connection
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
常用参数说明
- ak:金山云提供的ACCESS KEY ID
- sk:金山云提供的SECRET KEY ID
- host:金山云提供的各个Region的域名(例 ks3-cn-beijing.ksyun.com),具体定义可参考 API接口文档-Region(区域)
- is_secure:是否通过HTTPS协议访问Ks3,True:启用 False:关闭
- domain_mode:是否使用自定义域名访问Ks3(host填写自定义域名),True:是 False:否
运行环境
适用于2.6、2.7、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6、3.7的Python版本
SDK介绍及使用
资源管理操作
- List Buckets 列出客户所有的Bucket信息
- Create Bucket 创建一个新的Bucket
- Delete Bucket 删除指定Bucket
- Get Bucket ACL 获取Bucket的ACL
- Put Bucket ACL 设置Bucket的ACL
- Head Object 获取Object元信息
- Get Object 下载Object数据
- Put Object 上传Object数据
- Put Object Copy 复制Object数据
- Delete Object 删除Object数据
- List Objects 列举Bucket内的Object
- Get Object ACL 获得Bucket的acl
- Put Object ACL 上传object的acl
- Upload Part 上传分块
- Generate URL 生成下载外链
Service操作
List Buckets:
列出客户所有的 Bucket 信息
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
buckets = c.get_all_buckets()
for b in buckets:
print(b.name)
Bucket操作
Create Bucket:
创建一个新的Bucket
在建立了连接后,可以创建一个bucket。bucket在s3中是一个用于储存key/value的容器。用户可以将所有的数据存储在一个bucket里,也可以为不同种类数据创建相应的bucket。
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
b = c.create_bucket(bucket_name)
注:这里如果出现409 conflict错误,说明请求的bucket name有冲突,因为bucket name是全局唯一的
Delete Bucket:
删除指定Bucket
删除一个bucket可以通过delete_bucket方法实现。
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
c.delete_bucket(bucket_name)
如果bucket下面存在key,那么需要首先删除所有key
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
b = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
for k in b.list():
k.delete()
c.delete_bucket(bucket_name)
Get Bucket ACL:
获取Bucket的ACL
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
b = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
policy = b.get_acl()
for grant in policy.acl.grants:
print(grant.permission, grant.display_name, grant.email_address, grant.id)
Put Bucket ACL:
设置Bucket的ACL
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
b = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
#设置bucket的权限, private or public-read or public-read-write
b.set_acl("public-read")
Object操作
Head Object:
获取Object元信息
获取Object元数据信息(大小、最后更新时间等)
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
key_name = "YOUR_KEY_NAME"
b = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
try:
k = b.get_key(key_name)
if k:
print(k.name, k.size, k.last_modified)
except:
pass
Get Object:
下载该Object数据
下载object,并且作为字符串返回
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
key_name = "YOUR_KEY_NAME"
b = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
try:
k = b.get_key(key_name)
s = k.get_contents_as_string().decode()
print(s)
except:
pass # 异常处理
下载object,并且保存到文件中
#保存到文件
k.get_contents_to_filename("SAVED_FILE_PATH")
Put Object
上传Object数据
将指定目录下某一个文件上传,同时可以指定文件ACL
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
key_name = "YOUR_KEY_NAME"
try:
b = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
k = b.new_key(key_name)
#object policy : 'private' or 'public-read'
ret=k.set_contents_from_filename("YOUR_SOURCE_FILE_PATH", policy="private")
if ret and ret.status == 200:
print("上传成功")
except:
pass #异常处理
将字符串作为value上传
k.set_contents_from_string('YOUR_FILE_CONTENTS')
上传回调
需要设置x-kss-callbackurl
和x-kss-callbackbody
请求头,详见文档上传回调处理。
headers = {"x-kss-callbackurl": "Callback_URL","x-kss-callbackbody":"objectKey=${key}&etag=${etag}&uid=123"}
ret = k.set_contents_from_filename(filepath, headers=headers)
以低频存储方式上传
//x-kss-storage-class有效值为"STANDARD"、"STANDARD_IA"。"STANDARD"表示标准存储,"STANDARD_IA"表示低频存储,如果不指定,默认为标准存储。
headers = {"x-kss-storage-class": "STANDARD_IA"}
resp = k.set_contents_from_filename(filepath, policy="private", headers=headers)
Put Object Copy
复制Object数据
将指定Bucket下的文件复制到本Bucket下(需要对源Bucket下的文件具有读权限)
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_DST_BUCKET_NAME"
key_name = "YOUR_DST_KEY_NAME"
try:
b = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
b.copy_key(key_name,"YOUR_SRC_BUCKET_NAME","YOUR_SRC_KEY_NAME")
except:
pass
Delete Object
删除Object数据
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
key_name = "YOUR_KEY_NAME"
try:
b=c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
b.delete_key(key_name)
except:
pass
List Objects
列举Bucket内的文件或者目录
from ks3.connection import Connection
from ks3.prefix import Prefix
from ks3.key import Key
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
b = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
keys = b.list(delimiter='/')
for k in keys:
if isinstance(k, Key):
print('file:%s' % k.name)
elif isinstance(k, Prefix)
print('dir:%s' % k.name)
列举Bucket内指定前缀的文件
keys = b.list(prefix="PREFIX")
Get Object ACL
获得Object的acl
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
key_name = "YOUR_KEY_NAME"
b = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
policy = b.get_acl(key_name)
print(policy.to_xml())
Put Object ACL
#object policy : 'private' or 'public-read'
b.set_acl("public-read", test_key)
Upload Part:
分块上传
如果你想上传一个大文件,你可以将它分成几个小份,逐个上传,ks3会按照顺序把它们合成一个最终的object。通过SDK进行分块上传能够保障数据传到ks3的正确性,无需另外做数据校验。
整个过程需要几步来完成,下面的demo程序是通过python的FileChunkIO模块来实现的。所以可能需要首先运行pip install FileChunkIO来安装。
import math, os
from ks3.connection import Connection
from filechunkio import FileChunkIO
# Connect to S3
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
b = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
# Get file info
source_path = 'SOURCE_FILE_PATH'
source_size = os.stat(source_path).st_size
# Create a multipart upload request
# 此处os.path.basename(source_path)可以替换为需要设置的objectKey
mp = b.initiate_multipart_upload(os.path.basename(source_path))
# Use a chunk size of 50 MiB (feel free to change this)
chunk_size = 52428800
chunk_count = int(math.ceil(source_size*1.0 / chunk_size*1.0))
# Send the file parts, using FileChunkIO to create a file-like object
# that points to a certain byte range within the original file. We
# set bytes to never exceed the original file size.
try:
for i in range(chunk_count):
offset = chunk_size * i
bytes = min(chunk_size, source_size - offset)
with FileChunkIO(source_path, 'r', offset=offset, bytes=bytes) as fp:
mp.upload_part_from_file(fp, part_num=i + 1)
ret = mp.complete_upload()
if ret and ret.status == 200:
print("上传成功")
except:
pass # 异常处理
以低频存储方式上传,需要在initiate_multipart_upload阶段设置
//x-kss-storage-class有效值为"STANDARD"、"STANDARD_IA"。"STANDARD"表示标准存储,"STANDARD_IA"表示低频存储,如果不指定,默认为标准存储。
headers = {"x-kss-storage-class": "STANDARD_IA"}
mp = b.initiate_multipart_upload(os.path.basename(source_path), policy="private", headers=headers)
获取已上传分块列表
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
b = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
for p in b.list_multipart_uploads():
print('uploadId:%s,key:%s' % (p.id, p.key_name))
for i in p:
print(i.part_number, i.size, i.etag, i.last_modified)
Generate URL
生成下载外链地址
对私密属性的文件生成下载外链(该链接具有时效性)
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT', is_secure=False, domain_mode=False)
bucket_name = "YOUR_BUCKET_NAME"
key_name = "YOUR_KEY_NAME"
b = c.get_bucket(bucket_name)
k = b.get_key(key_name)
if k:
url = k.generate_url(60) # 60s 后该链接过期
print(url)
指定时间过期
k.generate_url(1492073594,expires_in_absolute=True) # 1492073594为Unix Time
客户端文件加密
如果您有上传前先加密数据的需求,可以考虑使用加密模式。
环境要求
使用加密客户端需要安装pycrypto。
- 可选择使用pip install pycrypto进行安装
- 无法直接连接pypi服务的话,可选择下载pycrypto安装包手动进行安装
配置密钥
您可以使用自己的密钥文件,或者选择调用我们的密钥生成方法。
- 如果使用自己的密钥文件:请确保文件中密钥长度为16字节,如果不是16字节,程序将报错
- 如果调用密钥生成方法:
from ks3.encryption import Crypts
Crypts.generate_key('your_path', 'key_name')
请注意保管好您的key文件,KS3服务端将不会对客户端加密时使用的key文件进行保存,一旦丢失,文件将无法被解密。
用法示例
PUT、GET
对put、get方法加密客户端和普通客户端用法基本一致,不同之处在于初始化Connection对象时需要多填两个参数:local_encrypt和local_key_path。local_encrypt设置为true,local_key_path设置为密钥存放在本地的地址。
from ks3.connection import Connection
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT',is_secure=False, domain_mode=False, local_encrypt=True,
local_key_path="your_key_path")
b = c.get_bucket("your_bucket")
#put
kw = b.new_key("your_key")
ret = kw.set_contents_from_string("some string")
#get
get_key = b.get_key("your_key")
s = get_key.get_contents_as_string()
print("Result:",s)
分块上传
加密客户端的分块上传不支持对文件的并行上传!分块上传时必须依次序上传每一块,否则数据将无法解密。
示例1:使用FileChunkIO进行分块上传。与普通客户端的方法基本一致,和put一样只需在初始化时增加参数。
c = Connection(ak, sk, host,is_secure=False, domain_mode=False, local_encrypt=True, local_key_path="your_key_path")
#继续普通分块上传方法
示例2:自己切分文件进行分块上传。除了修改Connection的参数之外,还需在调用upload_part_from_file方法时指定is_last_part的值。
from ks3.connection import Connection
from filechunkio import FileChunkIO
import math, os
ak = 'YOUR_ACCESS_KEY'
sk = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'
c = Connection(ak, sk, host='YOUR_REGION_ENDPOINT',is_secure=False, domain_mode=False, local_encrypt=True,
local_key_path="your_key_path")
b = c.get_bucket("your_bucket")
source_path = 'SOURCE_FILE_PATH'
source_size = os.stat(source_path).st_size
mp = bucket.initiate_multipart_upload(os.path.basename(source_path))
# Use a chunk size of 50 MiB (feel free to change this)
chunk_size = 52428800
chunk_count = int(math.ceil(source_size*1.0 / chunk_size*1.0))
try:
for i in range(chunk_count):
offset = chunk_size * i
last = False
bytes = min(chunk_size, source_size - offset)
if i +1 == chunk_count:
last = True
with FileChunkIO(source_path, 'r', offset=offset,bytes=bytes) as fp:
mp.upload_part_from_file(fp, part_num=i + 1, is_last_part=last)
ret = mp.complete_upload()
if ret and ret.status == 200:
print("上传成功")
except:
pass
注意事项
- 对于使用加密模式上传的数据,请使用加密模式下(local_encrypt=True)的get方法进行下载。未设置加密模式的get下载下来的这份数据是加密的,无法解读。
- 加密上传默认进行MD5验证,以防止网络传输过程中的数据损坏。在文件较大的情况下,对加密后文件的MD5计算较为耗时(每500MB约耗时10s),如果不能接受这种额外耗时,可以在调用方法时设置calc_md5=False来关闭MD5校验功能。当然,我们不推荐您关闭MD5校验。
#PUT上传取消MD5 CHECK:
ret = kw.set_contents_from_string(test_str, calc_encrypt_md5=False)
ret = kw.set_contents_from_filename(test_path, calc_encrypt_md5=False)
#分块上传时取消MD5 CHECK:
mp = b.initiate_multipart_upload(os.path.basename(path), calc_encrypt_md5=False)
- 用户key的MD5值将作为自定义header放入元数据,方便您后续可能的验证操作。对key的MD5计算方法如下:
import hashlib
import base64
md5_generator = hashlib.md5()
md5_generator.update("YOUR_KEY".encode())
print(base64.b64encode(md5_generator.hexdigest().encode()))
- 如果需要在分块上传相关代码中加入重试逻辑,请将开始重试的part_num后的所有块都进行重试。比如上传8块,从第5块开始重试,则需要重新上传的块为5、6、7、8。
- 对于空文件/空字符串的put请求,即使设置了加密模式也不会加密。