MLKEM-C-EMBEDDED is a collection of MLKEM implementations optimized for embedded microcontrollers. It is free software licensed under an Apache-2.0 license.
It originates from the pqm4 project, but there are some core differences:
- It is limited to ML-KEM allowing a much simpler build system and richer set of implementation options
- Once reaching v1.0, MLKEM-C-EMBEDDED can be relied on in production environments
- Portability is a high priority. We plan to use assembly only where absolutely necessary
- Speed is not the primary objective. We do not want to sacrifice maintainability and code size
- The scope extends beyond the Arm Cortex-M4 and we plan to have optimized code for many more (micro-)architectures
The goals and features of a future MLKEM-C-EMBEDDED v1.0 release include:
- Provide production-grade portable C code that can be dropped into other projects
- Being permissibly licensed with all code being Apache-2.0 or CC0 licensed
- Tested against the official reference known-answer tests (KATs) and extended KATs (taken from another PQCP project)
- A single source tree with no code duplication (e.g., for stack optimizations, parameter sets)
- Having a make-based build system allowing testing on various platforms (at least stm32f4discovery, nucleo-l4r5zi, and mps2-an386) relying on libopencm3 and openocd
- Supporting the Arm GNU toolchain
- Including speed and stack benchmarks
- Having a CI setup running tests and verifying testvectors using the QEMU Arm system emulator
- Configurable stack optimizations matching the state-of-the-art
- Portable C code speed-optimized for 32-bit platforms
In the medium term, we hope to include:
- Optional Cortex-M4 assembly for core building blocks
- Dynamic parameter selection (for supporting multiple parameter sets with minimal code size)
- Supporting both the Arm GNU toolchain and the Arm Compiler for Embedded
In the long term, possible extensions are
- Support more 32-bit targets (e.g., RISC-V, Arm Cortex-M3. Arm Cortex-M7, Arm Cortex-M55, Arm Cortex-M85) with optional assembly
- Automated checking for secret-dependent timing including data-dependent instruction timing such as
div
on most platforms orumull
on Cortex-M3
MLKEM-C-EMBEDDED is currently a work in progress and we do not recommend relying on it at this point. WE DO NOT CURRENTLY RECOMMEND RELYING ON THIS LIBRARY IN A PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT OR TO PROTECT ANY SENSITIVE DATA. Once we have the first stable version, this notice will be removed
The current code is compatible with the standard
branch of the official MLKEM repository.
We are actively seeking contributors who can help us build MLKEM-C-EMBEDDED. If you are interested, please contact us, or volunteer for any of the open issues.
If you are a potential consumer of MLKEM-C-EMBEDDED, please reach out to us. We're interested in hearing the way you are considering using MLKEM-C-EMBEDDED and could benefit from additional features. If you have specific feature requests, please open an issue.