Reactive Relational Database Connectivity Proxy Framework

This project contains the proxy framework of the R2DBC SPI.

Maven

Both milestone and snapshot artifacts (library, source, and javadoc) can be found in Maven repositories.

<dependency>
  <groupId>io.r2dbc</groupId>
  <artifactId>r2dbc-proxy</artifactId>
  <version>1.0.0.M7</version>
</dependency>

Artifacts can be found at the following repositories.

Repositories

<repository>
    <id>spring-snapshots</id>
    <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
    <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
    <snapshots>
        <enabled>true</enabled>
    </snapshots>
</repository>

<repository>
    <id>spring-milestones</id>
    <name>Spring Milestones</name>
    <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
    <snapshots>
        <enabled>false</enabled>
    </snapshots>
</repository>

Usage

Configuration of the ConnectionFactory can be accomplished in two ways:

Connection Factory Discovery

ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ConnectionFactories.get(ConnectionFactoryOptions.builder()
   .option(DRIVER, "proxy")
   .option(PROTOCOL, "postgresql")
   .build());

Mono<Connection> connection = connectionFactory.create();

Supported Connection Factory Discovery options:

Option	Description
`driver`	Must be `proxy`
`protocol`	Delegating connection factory driver
`proxyListener`	Comma separated list of fully qualified proxy listener class names (Optional)

When programmatically ConnectionFactoryOptions are constructed, proxyListener option allows following values:

Comma separated list of fully qualified proxy listener class names
Proxy listener class
Proxy listener instance
Collection of above

Programmatic

ConnectionFactory original = ...

ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = ProxyConnectionFactory.builder(original)
    .onAfterQuery(mono ->
        ...  // after query callback logic
    )
    .onBeforeMethod(mono ->
        ...  // before method callback logic
    )
    .listener(...)  // add listener
    .build();

Publisher<? extends Connection> connectionPublisher = connectionFactory.create();

// Alternative: Creating a Mono using Project Reactor
Mono<Connection> connectionMono = Mono.from(connectionFactory.create());

License

This project is released under version 2.0 of the Apache License.

Use cases

Query logging

When query is executed by Batch#execute() or Statement#execute(), listener receives query callbacks. The callback contains query execution information(QueryExecutionInfo) such as query string, execution type, bindings, execution time, etc.
Users can format this contextual information and perform logging.

Sample Output (wrapped for display purpose):

# Statement with no bindings
#
Thread:reactor-tcp-nio-1(30) Connection:1
Transaction:{Create:1 Rollback:0 Commit:0}
Success:True Time:34
Type:Statement BatchSize:0 BindingsSize:0
Query:["SELECT value FROM test"], Bindings:[]

# Batch query
#
Thread:reactor-tcp-nio-3(32) Connection:2
Transaction:{Create:1 Rollback:0 Commit:0}
Success:True Time:4
Type:Batch BatchSize:2 BindingsSize:0
Query:["INSERT INTO test VALUES(200)","SELECT value FROM test"], Bindings:[]

# Statement with multiple bindings
#
Thread:reactor-tcp-nio-1(30) Connection:3
Transaction:{Create:1 Rollback:0 Commit:0}
Success:True Time:21
Type:Statement BatchSize:0 BindingsSize:2
Query:["INSERT INTO test VALUES ($1,$2)"], Bindings:[(100,101),(200,null(int))]

Method tracing

When any methods on proxy classes(ConnectionFactory, Connection, Batch, Statement, or Result) are called, listeners receive callbacks on before and after invocations.

Below output simply printed out the method execution information(MethodExecutionInfo) at each method invocation.
Essentially, this shows interaction with R2DBC SPI.

Sample: Execution with transaction:

  1: Thread:34 Connection:1 Time:16  PostgresqlConnectionFactory#create()
  2: Thread:34 Connection:1 Time:0  PostgresqlConnection#createStatement()
  3: Thread:34 Connection:1 Time:0  ExtendedQueryPostgresqlStatement#bind()
  4: Thread:34 Connection:1 Time:0  ExtendedQueryPostgresqlStatement#add()
  5: Thread:34 Connection:1 Time:5  PostgresqlConnection#beginTransaction()
  6: Thread:34 Connection:1 Time:5  ExtendedQueryPostgresqlStatement#execute()
  7: Thread:34 Connection:1 Time:3  PostgresqlConnection#commitTransaction()
  8: Thread:34 Connection:1 Time:4  PostgresqlConnection#close()

Slow query detection

There are two types of slow query detection.

Detect slow query AFTER query has executed.
Detect slow query WHILE query is running.

Former is simple. On afterQuery callback, check the execution time. If it took more than threshold, perform an action such as logging, send notification, etc.

To perform some action while query is still executing and it has passed the threshold time, one implementation is to create a watcher that checks running queries and notify ones exceeded the threshold. In datasource-proxy, SlowQueryListener is implemented in this way.

Distributed Tracing

Using before and after callbacks with contextual information, it can easily construct tracing spans.

Sample implementation: TracingExecutionListener

Tracing

Connection Span

Query Span

Metrics

Similar to distributed tracing, on every callback, any obtained information can be used to update metrics.

For example:

Number of opened connections
Number of rollbacks
Method execution time
Number of queries
Type of query (SELECT, DELETE, ...)
Query execution time
etc.

Sample implementation: MetricsExecutionListener

This listener populates following metrics:

Time took to create a connection
Commit and rollback counts
Executed query count
Slow query count

In addition, this listener logs slow queries.

Connection metrics on JMX

Query metrics on JMX:

Transaction metrics on actuator (/actuator/metrics/r2dbc.transaction):

Assertion/Verification

By inspecting invoked methods and/or executed queries, you can verify the target logic has performed as expected.

For example, by keeping track of connection open/close method calls, connection leaks can be detected or verified.

Another example is to check group of queries are executed on the same connection. This could verify the premise of transaction - queries need to be performed on the same connection in order to be in the same transaction.

Custom logic injection

Any logic can be performed on callbacks. Users can write own logic that performs any actions, such as audit logging, sending notifications, calling external system, etc.

API

Currently, there are two listener interfaces - ProxyExecutionListener and LifeCycleListener. These listeners define callback APIs for method and query executions.

Formatters are used for converting execution information object to String. Mainly used for preparing log entries.

ProxyExecutionListener

ProxyExecutionListener is the foundation listener interface. This listener defines callbacks for method invocation, query execution, and query result processing.

// invoked before any method on proxy is called
void beforeMethod(MethodExecutionInfo executionInfo);

// invoked after any method on proxy is called
void afterMethod(MethodExecutionInfo executionInfo);

// invoked before query gets executed
void beforeQuery(QueryExecutionInfo execInfo);

// invoked after query is executed
void afterQuery(QueryExecutionInfo execInfo);

// invoked on processing(subscribing) each query result
void eachQueryResult(QueryExecutionInfo execInfo);

MethodExecutionInfo and QueryExecutionInfo contains contextual information about the method/query execution.

Any method calls on proxy triggers method callbacks - beforeMethod() and afterMethod().
Batch#execute() and Statement#execute() triggers query callbacks - beforeQuery() and afterQuery().(Specifically, when returned result-publisher is subscribed.)
eachQueryResult() is called on each mapped query result when Result#map() is subscribed.

LifeCycleListener

LifeCycleListener provides before/after methods for all methods defined on ConnectionFactory, Connection, Batch, Statement, and Result, as well as method executions(beforeMethod, afterMethod), query executions(beforeQuery, afterQuery) and result processing(onEachQueryResult). This listener is built on top of method and query interceptor API on ProxyExecutionListener.

For example, if you want know the creation of connection and close of it:

public class ConnectionStartToEndListener implements LifeCycleListener {

  @Override
  public void beforeCreateOnConnectionFactory(MethodExecutionInfo methodExecutionInfo) {
    // callback at ConnectionFactory#create()
  }

  @Override
  public void afterCloseOnConnection(MethodExecutionInfo methodExecutionInfo) {
    // callback at Connection#close()
  }

}

QueryExecutionInfoFormatter

This class converts QueryExecutionInfo to String. Mainly used for preparing log entries.
Internally, this class has multiple consumers for QueryExecutionInfo and loop through them to populate the output StringBuilder.

This class implements Function<QueryExecutionInfo,String> and can be used in functional style as well.

// convert all info
QueryExecutionInfoFormatter formatter = QueryExecutionInfoFormatter#showAll();
String str = formatter.format(queryExecutionInfo);

// customize conversion
QueryExecutionInfoFormatter formatter = new QueryExecutionInfoFormatter();
formatter.addConsumer((execInfo, sb) -> {
  sb.append("MY-QUERY-EXECUTION="); // add prefix
};
formatter.newLine();  // new line
formatter.showSuccess();
formatter.showConnection((execInfo, sb)  -> {
    // custom conversion
    sb.append("MY-ID=" + executionInfo.getConnectionInfo().getConnectionId());
});
formatter.showQuery();

// convert it
String str = formatter.format(queryExecutionInfo);

MethodExecutionInfoFormatter

Similar to QueryExecutionInfoFormatter, MethodExecutionInfoFormatter converts MethodExecutionInfo to String.

MethodExecutionInfoFormatter formatter = MethodExecutionInfoFormatter.withDefault();

ProxyConnectionFactoryBuilder.create(connectionFactory)
  .onAfterMethod(execInfo ->
     execInfo.map(methodExecutionFormatter::format)  // convert
       .doOnNext(System.out::println)  // print out to sysout
       .subscribe())
  .build();

Configuration examples

Query logging

Query logging can be achieved by logging executed query information on after-query callback. This can be done in before query callback(beforeQuery); however, some of the attributes are only available at after query callback(afterQuery) such as execution time, successfully executed, etc.

QueryExecutionInfoFormatter, which converts QueryExecutionInfo to String, can be used out of the box to generate log statements.

QueryExecutionInfoFormatter queryExecutionFormatter = QueryExecutionInfoFormatter.showAll();


ConnectionFactory proxyConnectionFactory =
  ProxyConnectionFactory.builder(connectionFactory)  // wrap original ConnectionFactory
    // on every query execution
    .onAfterQuery(execInfo ->
      execInfo.map(queryExecutionFormatter::format)    // convert QueryExecutionInfo to String
              .doOnNext(System.out::println)       // print out executed query
              .subscribe())
    .build();

Slow query detection

Detect slow query AFTER query has executed

On after query execution, check whether the query execution time has exceeded the threshold time, then perform any action.

Duration threshold = Duration.of(...);

ConnectionFactory proxyConnectionFactory =
  ProxyConnectionFactory.builder(connectionFactory)  // wrap original ConnectionFactory
    .onAfterQuery(mono -> mono
       .filter(execInfo -> threshold.minus(execInfo.getExecuteDuration()).isNegative())
       .doOnNext(execInfo -> {
         // slow query logic
       })
       .subscribe())
    .build();

Method tracing

At each invocation of methods, perform action such as printing out the invoked method, create a span, or update metrics.

MethodExecutionInfoFormatter is used to generate log string.

MethodExecutionInfoFormatter methodExecutionFormatter = MethodExecutionInfoFormatter.withDefault();

ConnectionFactory proxyConnectionFactory =
  ProxyConnectionFactory.builder(connectionFactory)  // wrap original ConnectionFactory
    // on every method invocation
    .onAfterMethod(execInfo ->
      execInfo.map(methodExecutionFormatter::format)    // convert MethodExecutionInfo to String
              .doOnNext(System.out::println)        // print out method execution (method tracing)
              .subscribe())
    .build();

Samples

r2dbc-proxy-samples repository contains sample listener implementations.

Distributed tracing - TracingExecutionListener
Micrometer metrics - MetricsExecutionListener

pologood/r2dbc-proxy

Reactive Relational Database Connectivity Proxy Framework

Maven

Repositories

Usage

Connection Factory Discovery

Programmatic

License

Use cases

Query logging

Method tracing

Slow query detection

Distributed Tracing

Metrics

Assertion/Verification

Custom logic injection

API

ProxyExecutionListener

LifeCycleListener

QueryExecutionInfoFormatter

MethodExecutionInfoFormatter

Configuration examples

Query logging

Slow query detection

Detect slow query AFTER query has executed

Method tracing

Samples