- DATA STRUCTURES
- Lists
- Tuples
- Dictionaries
- Sets
- METHODS
-
Lists:
- Ordered sequence of elements.
- Mutable: You can add, remove, or modify elements.
- Defined using square brackets [ ].
- Allows duplicates.
-
Tuples:
- Ordered sequence of elements.
- Immutable: Once created, they cannot be modified.
- Defined using parentheses ( ).
- Allows duplicates.
-
Dictionaries:
- Associative data structure that stores key-value pairs.
- Mutable: You can add, remove, or modify elements.
- Defined using curly braces { }.
- Does not allow duplicate keys, but values can be repeated.
-
Sets:
- Unordered collection of unique elements.
- Mutable: You can add or remove elements.
- Defined using curly braces { } or the set() function.
- Does not allow duplicate elements.
NOTE: To see more list methods, visit Python String Methods
Method | Description | example |
---|---|---|
DIR | The dir() method returns the list of valid attributes of the passed object |
dir(object) |
UPPER | The upper() method returns a string where all characters are in upper case |
my_string.upper() |
LOWER | The lower() method returns a string where all characters are lower case |
my_string.lower() |
CAPITALIZE | The capitalize() method returns a string where the first character is upper case, and the rest is lower case |
my_string.capitalize() |
FIND | The find() method finds the first occurence of the specified value. The find() method returns -1 if the value is not found. |
my_string.find("welcome") |
INDEX | The index() method finds the first occurence of the specified value. The index() method rises an exception if the value is not found |
my_string.("hello") |
ISNUMERIC | The isnumeric() method returns True if all the characters are numeric (0-9), otherwise False |
my_string.isnumeric() |
ISALPHA | The isalpha() method returns True if all the characters are alphabeth letters (a-z). Example of characters that are not alphabet letters: (space)!#%&? etc. |
my_string.isalpha() |
COUNT | The count() method returns the number of times a specified value appears in the string |
my_string.count("apple") |
LEN | len() is a function that returns an integer which is the length of the string |
len(my_string) |
STARTSWITH | The startswith() method returns True if the string starts with the specified value, otherwise False |
my_string.startswith("Hi") |
ENDSWITH | The endswith() method returns True if the string ends with the specified value, otherwise False |
my_string.endswith(".") |
REPLACE | The replace() method replaces a specified phrase with another specified phrase |
my_string.replace("bananas", "apples") |
SPLIT | The split() method splits a string into a list |
my_string.split(", ") |
# LIST Creates a list
list(["hello", True, 25])
my_list = ["hello", True, 25]
NOTE: To see more list methods, visit Python List Methods
Method | Description | example |
---|---|---|
LEN | The len() function returns the number of items in a list |
len(my_list) |
APPEND | The append() method appends an element to the end of the list |
my_list.append("hahaha") |
INSERT | The insert() method inserts the specified value at the specified position |
my_list.insert(2, "apple") |
EXTEND | the extend() method adds the specified list elements (or any iterable) to the end of the current list |
my_list.extend([False, 20]) |
POP | The pop() method removes the element at the specified position |
my_list.pop(0) |
REMOVE | The remove() method removes the specified item |
my_list.remove("apple") |
CLEAR | The clear() method removes all the elements from a list |
my_list.clear() |
SORT | The sort() method sorts the list ascending by default |
my_list.sort(), my_list.sort(reverse=True) |
REVERSE | The reverse() method reverses the sorting order of the elements |
my_list.reverse() |
# DICT Creates a dictionary
dict(name="Liam", age=25, city="Madrid")
my_dict = {
"name": "Liam",
"age": 25,
"city": "Madrid"
}
NOTE: To see more dict methods, visit Python Dictionary Methods
Method | Description | example |
---|---|---|
KEYS | The keys() method returns a view object. The view object contains the keys of the dictionary, as a list. |
my_dict.keys() |
GET | The get() method returns the value of the item with the specified key, if the key doesn't exist, returns None |
my_dict.get("name") |
CLEAR | The clear() method removes all items from the dictionary |
my_dict.clear() |
POP | The pop() method removes the specified item from the dictionary |
my_dict.pop("name") |
ITEMS | the items() method is used to return the list with all dictionary keys with values |
my_dict.items() |
# SET creates a set
set(["Luis", "Jilliam"])
my_set = {"Luis", "Jilliam"}
# Creating an inmutable set
frozenset(["Luis", "Jilliam"])
NOTE: To see more set methods, visit Python Set Methods
Method | Description | example |
---|---|---|
ISSUBSET | Return True if all items in set x are present in set y | my_set_x.issubset(my_set_y) |
ISSUPERSET | Return True if all items set y are present in set x | my_set_x.issuperset(my_set_y) |
ISDISJOINT | Return True if no items in set x is present in set y | my_set_x.isdisjoint(my_set_y) |