This exercise allows you to practice and apply the concepts and techniques taught in class.
Upon completion of this exercise, you will be able to:
- Declare functions using the function expression and arrow function syntax.
- Pass functions as arguments to other functions (callbacks).
- Pass arrays and objects to functions as arguments.
- Iterate over arrays using the
forEach()method. - Manipulate arrays using the
map()method. - Filter array elements using the
filter()method. - Reduce array values using the
reduce()method. - Sort arrays using the
sort()method. - Explore and apply different ways to copy an array (
slice()and spread operator...).
We have just learned some useful methods that will help us manipulate objects and arrays. In this exercise, we will practice working with these methods, and you are required to use at least one of them in each iteration.
- Fork this repo.
- Clone this repo.
- Upon completion, run the following commands:
git add .
git commit -m "Solved lab"
git push origin master- Create a Pull Request so that your TAs can check your work.
This LAB is equipped with unit tests to provide automated feedback on your lab progress. In case you want to check the tests, they are in the tests/movies.spec.js file.
To run the tests and your JavaScript code, open the SpecRunner.html file using the Live Server VSCode extension.
To see the outputs of the console.log in your JavaScript code, open the Console in the Developer Tools.
You will work on the src/movies.js file, which is already loaded in the SpecRunner.html file.
The src/data.js file containing the array of movies is also loaded in the SpecRunner.html file.
The best way to practice is to work with real data. In the src/data.js file, you will find an array of info about the best 250 movies of all times according to IMDB Ranking that you will use to display what each iteration asks!
Here is an example of how the data is displayed:
{
"title": "The Shawshank Redemption",
"year": 1994,
"director": "Frank Darabont",
"duration": "2h 22min",
"genre": ["Crime","Drama"],
"score": 9.3
}You will be digging deeper into some "facts" that this data set has. For example, we can use this data set to find the most popular movie, the average duration of the movie, the list of movies by some director, etc.
In this iteration, no action is required, but here comes your challenge: In the following iterations, you will use your JS knowledge to manipulate this data.
Remember to read each iteration description carefully before working on the solution.
We need to get the array of all directors. Since this is a warm up, we will give you a hint: you have to map through the array of movies and get all the directors into one array as a final result. Go ahead and create a function named getAllDirectors() that receives an array of movies as an argument and returns a new (mapped) array.
Some of the directors had directed multiple movies, so they will pop up multiple times in the array of directors. How could you "clean" this array and make it unified (meaning, without duplicates)? Don't prioritize the bonus part now. You can return to it when you finish the mandatory iterations. 😉
One of the most famous directors in cinema is Steven Spielberg, and he has some really awesome drama movies that are on our list, but we want to know how many of them are there.
Create a howManyMovies() function that receives an array as a parameter and filter 👀 the array so we can have only the drama movies where Steven Spielberg is the director.
These are the best movies based on their scores, so they all have remarkable scores. In this iteration, we want to know the average score of all of them and display it on the console. Create a scoresAverage() function that receives an array as a parameter and solves the challenge.
The score must be returned rounded to 2 decimals!
💡 Maybe you want to "reduce" the data to a single value. 😉
Drama is the genre that repeats the most on our array. Apparently, people love drama! 👀
Create a dramaMoviesScore() function that receives an array as a parameter to get the average score of all drama movies! Let's see if it is better than the general average.
Again, rounded to 2 decimals!
We need to sort the movies in ascending order by their release year. This should be easy using one of the methods we have just learned. 😉
Create a function orderByYear() that receives an array as a parameter and returns a new sorted array.
If two movies have the same year, order them in alphabetical order by their title! ✔️
Another popular way to order the movies is to sort them alphabetically using the title key. However, in this case, we only need to print the title of the first 20. Easy peasy for an expert like you. 😉
Create an orderAlphabetically() function that receives an array and returns an array of the first 20 titles, alphabetically ordered. Return only the title of each movie, and if the array you receive has less than 20 movies, return all of them.
We got the info from the IMDB web page, but the duration info was saved in a format that is difficult for us to compare movies.
Finding the longest movie is almost impossible using that format, so let's change it!
- Create a
turnHoursToMinutes()function that receives an array as a parameter and, with some magic implemented by you - replaces the duration info of each of the movies for its equivalent in minutes. For example:
{
"title": "The Shawshank Redemption",
"year": 1994,
"director": "Frank Darabont",
"duration": "2h 22min",
"genre": ["Crime","Drama"],
"score" :9.3
}Should be:
{
"title": "The Shawshank Redemption",
"year": 1994,
"director": "Frank Darabont",
"duration": 142,
"genre": ["Crime","Drama"],
"score": 9.3
}We always hear so much about classic movies, but we want to know which year has the best average score so that we can declare the BEST YEAR FOR CINEMA officially!
Go ahead and find which year has the best average score for the movies released that year!
Create bestYearAvg() function that receives an array of movies and gives us an answer to which year was the best year for cinema and what was its average score. The bestYearAvg() should return a string with the following structure:
The best year was <YEAR> with an average score of <RATE>
Happy coding! 💙
I am stuck in the exercise and don't know how to solve the problem or where to start.
If you are stuck in your code and don't know how to solve the problem or where to start, you should take a step back and try to form a clear question about the specific issue you are facing. This will help you narrow down the problem and come up with potential solutions.
For example, is it a concept you don't understand, or are you receiving an error message you don't know how to fix? It is usually helpful to state the problem as clearly as possible, including any error messages you receive. This can help you communicate the issue to others and potentially get help from classmates or online resources.
Once you have a clear understanding of the problem, you will be able to start working toward the solution.
All of the Jasmine tests are failing and in red. Why did this happen?
One possible reason why all of the Jasmine tests are failing is that there is a syntax error in the code being tested. If the code contains a syntax error, it will not be loaded properly and none of the tests will be able to run. This will cause all of the tests to fail.
To troubleshoot this issue, you will need to examine the code being tested for syntax errors. Look for missing brackets, semicolons, or other syntax issues that could be causing the problem. If you find a syntax error, correct it and try running the tests again.
Another possibility is that there is an issue with the tests. It is possible that you may have modified the test file and caused an issue. If you have made changes to the test file, try copying and pasting the original test file and running the tests again to see if this resolves the issue.
How do I loop over an array using the forEach() method?
The forEach() method executes a provided function once for each array element. It does not return a new array but rather executes the function on each element in the array.
The syntax of the forEach() method is as follows:
array.forEach( function(element) {
// code to be executed for each element
});Here is an example that uses the forEach() method to log each element and its index in an array to the console:
const fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"];
fruits.forEach( function(element, index) {
console.log(`${index}: ${element}`);
});You can also use an arrow function as the callback function for forEach():
fruits.forEach((element, index) => {
console.log(`${index}: ${element}`);
});How to use the filter() array method?
The filter() method is used for iterating through an array and selecting only certain elements to include in a new array.
The filter() method returns a new array with all elements that pass a certain condition. The filter() method takes a callback function as an argument.
The callback function should return a boolean value (true / false) or a truthy/falsy value:
- If the callback function returns
truefor a particular element, that element will be included in the new array. - If the callback function returns
falsefor a particular element, that element will be excluded from the new array.
Here is an example of filtering an array to get a new array containing only students that have a course property of "Web Dev":
const students = [
{ name: "Anna", course: "Web Dev" },
{ name: "Bill", course: "UX/UI" },
{ name: "Cori", course: "Data" },
{ name: "Dave", course: "Web Dev" },
{ name: "Erin", course: "UX/UI" }
];
const webDevStudents = students.filter( function(el) {
return el.course === "Web Dev";
});
console.log(webDevStudents);
// Output:
// [
// {name: "Anna", course: "Web Dev"},
// {name: "Dave", course: "Web Dev"}
// ]How to use the map() array method?
The map() method is used to create a new array by returning a value for each element in an array.
The filter() method takes a callback function as an argument. The map() method returns a new array containing the values returned from the callback function.
Here is an example of using the map() method to extract the grade property from each student object in the students array and create a new array with the grades:
const students = [
{ name: "Anna", grade: 8 },
{ name: "Bill", grade: 9 },
{ name: "Cloe", grade: 7 }
];
// Use map() to extract the 'grade' from each student object
const studentGrades = students.map(function (student) {
// Return the value to be included in the new array
return student.grade;
});
console.log(studentGrades); // Output: [8, 9, 7]How to use the sort() array method?
The sort() method is used to sort the elements of an array in place. This means the original array is mutated and the sorted elements are rearranged within the same array.
The default sort order is based on converting the elements into strings and then comparing their sequences of UTF-16 Unicode values. This means that the sort() method can be used directly to sort an array of strings in alphabetical order. However, when working with numbers, the default sort order may not produce the desired result and it is necessary to provide a sorting function as an argument to the sort() method.
Here is an example of using the sort() method to sort an array of numbers in ascending order:
const numbers = [5, 2, 3, 1, 4];
numbers.sort((a, b) => a - b);
console.log(numbers); // Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]Here is an example of using the sort() method to sort an array of numbers in descending order:
const numbers = [5, 2, 3, 1, 4];
numbers.sort((a, b) => b - a);
console.log(numbers); // Output: [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]Here is an example of using the sort() method to sort an array of strings in ascending order (A-Z):
const words = ["cherry", "apple", "blueberry"];
words.sort((a, b) => a.localeCompare(b));
console.log(words); // Output: ["apple", "blueberry", "cherry"]The localeCompare() method is used to compare the strings in alphabetical order. In the above example localeCompare() method returns a negative value if a comes before b in the sort order, a positive value if a comes after b, and 0 if they are equal. This causes the strings to be sorted in ascending order (A-Z).
Alternatively, you can use the default sort order by simply calling the sort() method without a compare function:
const words = ["cherry", "apple", "blueberry"];
words.sort();
console.log(words); // Output: ["apple", "blueberry", "cherry"]How to use the reduce() array method?
The reduce() method is used to reduce an array of values to a single value by adding each element to the accumulator.
The reduce() method takes two arguments: a callback function and the initial value.
array.reduce((accumulator, element, index, array) => {}, initialValue);The callback function takes four arguments:
accumulator: the accumulated value. Theaccumulatoris initialized with the value passed as the second argument:initialValue.element: the current element being processed in the arrayindex: (optional) the index of the current element being processed in the arrayarray: (optional) the original array
Here is an example of using the reduce() method to calculate the sum of all grade values in an array:
const students = [
{ name: "John", grade: 8 },
{ name: "Jane", grade: 9 },
{ name: "Bob", grade: 7 }
];
const gradesTotal = students.reduce((accumulator, element) {
// For each array element, add its 'grade' to the accumulator
const newAccumulator = accumulator + element.grade;
// Return the new accumulator value for the next iteration
return newAccumulator;
}, 0);
console.log(gradesTotal); // Output: 24In the above example, the accumulator was initialized with the initial value of 0.
The callback function adds the grade of the current element to the accumulator on each iteration. The returned value becomes the new accumulator value for the next iteration. The reduce() method returns the final value of the accumulator, which is the sum of all elements in the array.
How to use the slice() array method?
The slice() method is used to copy a portion of an array and return it as a new array. The slice() method doesn't mutate the original array.
const newArray = array.slice(start, end);startis the index at which the slice begins.endis the index at which the slice ends.
The slice() method extracts elements from the original array and includes them in the new array up to, but not including, the end index. If the end index is not provided, the slice() method will extract elements from the start index to the end of the original array.
Here is an example of using the slice() method to copy array elements:
const strings = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"];
// Extract elements from index 1 to index 3
const slice = strings.slice(1, 3);
console.log(slice); // Output: ["b", "c"]I am unable to push changes to the repository. What should I do?
There are a couple of possible reasons why you may be unable to push changes to a Git repository:
- You have not committed your changes: Before you can push your changes to the repository, you need to commit them using the
git commitcommand. Make sure you have committed your changes and try pushing again. To do this, run the following terminal commands from the project folder:
git add .
git commit -m "Your commit message"
git push- You do not have permission to push to the repository: If you have cloned the repository directly from the main Ironhack repository without making a Fork first, you do not have write access to the repository. To check which remote repository you have cloned, run the following terminal command from the project folder:
git remote -vIf the link shown is the same as the main Ironhack repository, you will need to fork the repository to your GitHub account first and then clone your fork to your local machine to be able to push the changes.
Note: You should make a copy of your local code to avoid losing it in the process.