The most up-to-date lexer and highlighter for Mathematica/Wolfram Language source code using the pygments engine.
It can currently lex and highlight:
- All builtin functions in the
System`
context including unicode symbols likeπ
except those that use characters from the private unicode space (e.g.\[FormalA]
). - User defined symbols, including those in a context.
- All operators including unicode operators like
∈
and⊕
. - Comments, including multi line and nested.
- Strings, including multi line and escaped quotes.
- Patterns, slots (including named slots
#name
introduced in version 10) and slot sequences. - Message names (e.g. the
ivar
inGeneral::ivar
) - Numbers including base notation (e.g.
8 ^^ 23 == 19
) and scientific notation (e.g.1 *^ 3 == 1000
). - Local variables in
Block
,With
andModule
.
(* An example highlighting the features of
this Pygments plugin for Mathematica *)
lissajous::usage = "An example Lissajous curve.\n" <>
"Definition: f(t) = (sin(3t + π/2), sin(t))"
lissajous = {Sin[2^^11 # + 0.005`10 * 1*^2 * Pi], Sin[#]} &;
With[{max = 2 Pi, min = 0},
ParametricPlot[lissajous[t], {t, min, max}] /. x_Line :> {Dashed, x}
]
Run pip install pygments-mathematica
from the command line. That's it!
If you'd like to make modifications to the color scheme for personal use or if you'd like to try the
most recent release that might not yet be available in PyPi, download and unzip the source code
from the latest release. After
you've installed Pygments (pip install Pygments
works well
if you already have python setup on your system), run the following from the repo's root directory:
python setup.py install
To highlight Mathematica code using this lexer, enclose the code between these liquid tags:
{% highlight wl %}
<your code here>
{% endhighlight %}
You can also use wolfram
and wolfram-language
as the language hint. (See the note at the end of the section.)
If you are using Jekyll, depending on your setup, you might need to add the following in your _plugins/ext.rb
:
require 'pygments'
Pygments.start('<path to your python env>/site-packages/pygments/')
NOTE: Although this lexer is registered with the names
mathematica
andmma
for use as language hints, the default lexer that ships with Pygments overrides this. Hence until this is incorporated into the main Pygments repository please usewl
orwolfram
orwolfram-language
as the language hint.
Mathematica code can be highlighted in LaTeX documents using the minted (PDF) package. The following minimal example shows how:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmonofont{Menlo}
\usepackage{minted}
\usemintedstyle{mathematica}
\begin{document}
\begin{minted}[linenos=true]{wolfram}
(* An example highlighting the features of
this Pygments plugin for Mathematica *)
lissajous::usage = "An example Lissajous curve.\n" <>
"Definition: f(t) = (sin(3t + Pi/2), sin(t))"
lissajous = {Sin[2^^11 # + 0.005`10 * 1*^2 * π], Sin[#]} &;
ParametricPlot[lissajous[t], {t, 0, 2 π}] /. x_Line :> {Dashed, x}
\end{minted}
\end{document}
Saving the above as mma.tex
and running xelatex --shell-escape mma.tex
should produce a PDF with highlighted code.
NOTE: If your LaTeX colors don't show up properly, try deleting your
*.aux
,*.log
files and any_minted-mma/
directory before running XeLaTeX again.
The Pelican static generator is written in Python and uses Pygments by default. To use it there, you mark code blocks with the usual 4 spaces indent and you prepend it with :::wl
if you are using Markdown
:::wl
FileNames["CodeGenerator.m", {$InstallationDirectory}, 4]
(*
{"/Applications/Development/Mathematica.app/SystemFiles/Links/GPUTools/CodeGenerator.m"}
*)
If you are using ReStructuredText, please mark your Mathematica code with
.. code-block:: wl
<indented code block goes here>
The pygmentize
command can be used to invoke this lexer and convert any Mathematica file to an appropriately
highlighted file in a different format. For example, to convert a file package.m
to a HTML file, run
pygmentize -O full,style=mathematica -f html -l wl -o package.html package.m
The default styles that come with Pygments do not go well with Mathematica code. If you're using this lexer
for highlighting source code on a website, use the mma.scss
Sass file in this repository to obtain good default colors (as shown in the
screenshot). You can, if you choose, modify the colors in the SCSS file and then convert it to CSS
using the scss
compiler as:
scss mma.scss > mma.css
For other applications including command line usage, the lexer ships with a style named mathematica
.
(See the arguments to the pygmentize
command in the section above.) To use different colors, modify
the style in mathematica/style.py
and run python setup.py install
again.
If you fancy the default style that ships with the Mathematica notebook, use the mathematica-notebook
scheme.
It cannot highlight lexically and dynamically scoped variables (e.g. the x
in With[{x = 1}, x + 1]
or
the Plus
in Block[{Plus = Times}, 2 + 3]
, etc.) consistently throughout their scope. This would require a
parser that further processes the stream of tokens and builds an AST that captures the semantics of the language.
This is currently not a high priority since it is non-trivial to implement it within the framework by Pygments, but I am interested in supporting this eventually, so collaborations/pull requests are welcome :)
The lexing rules for Mathematica syntax are largely based on two prior projects:
- My vim-mathematica syntax highlighting plugin.
- Patrick Scheibe's Mathematica plugin for IntelliJ IDEA (if you develop in Mathematica and haven't seen this yet, please do try it out. It's wonderful!).