Stats application
Very simple stats collecting application for transactions.
Build
To build and run Unit tests:
mvn clean package
Run
To run the application:
java -jar target/stats.jar
After that, you can test registering transactions:
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"amount":12.3,"timestamp":1478192204000}' http://localhost:8080/transactions
and to get current statistics:
curl -X GET -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8080/statistics
or just open http://localhost:8080/statistics in your browser.
Decisions
O(1) Complexity
To achieve both memory and time O(1) complexity, the idea is that statistics are aggregated per second.
When we want to get statistics for the latest 60 seconds, we combine the latest 60 aggregated statistics, each one providing one second.
To keep these 60 statistics per second, we only need a ring buffer, and every time a second passes, we shift it accordingly, resetting the structures corresponding to periods older than 60 seconds (those same structures will now become the most recent second structures).
There are some compromises, however, with this solution: The 60 second interval for statistics is not exact, because it starts at millisecond 0 of each second. That means that, if we are requesting statistics when time is 65.5 sec., instead of getting results from transactions from 5.5sec. to 65.5sec., we'll get from transactions since 6sec. to 66sec.
Possible Improvements
ReadWriteLockfor thread-safety instead ofsynchronizedmethods, which don't differenciate read and write operations.