The tool pmbw is a set of assembler routines to measure the parallel
memory (cache and RAM) bandwidth of modern multi-core machines. Memory
bandwidth is one of the key performance factors of any computer system. And
today, measuring the memory performance often gives a more realistic view
on the overall speed of a machine than pure arithmetic or floating-point
benchmarks. This is due to the speed of computation units in modern CPUs
growing faster than the memory bandwidth, which however is required to get more
information to the CPU. The bigger the processed data amount gets, the more
important memory bandwidth becomes!
The pmbw tool contains a set of very basic functions, which are all
hand-coded in assembler to avoid any compiler optimizations. These basic
functions are modeled after the basic inner loops found in any data
processing: sequential scanning and pure random access. Any application
will have a memory access pattern that is somewhere between these two extremes.
Besides these two access patterns, the basic functions benchmark different
modes of memory access. Depending on the architecture, 16- / 32- / 64- / 128-
or 256-bit memory transfers are tested by using different machine
instructions, like MMX, SSE or AVX. Furthermore, iterating by pointers is
compared against access via array index. The current version of pmbw supports
benchmarking x86_32-bit, x86_64-bit and ARMv6 systems..
Most important feature of this benchmark is that it will perform the tests in parallel with growing number of threads. The results of these scalability tests highlight the basic problem which parallel multi-core algorithms must cope with: scanning memory bandwidth does not scale with the number of cores in current systems. The ratio of bandwidth to cache over the bandwidth to RAM determines the amount of local cache-based processing which must be done between RAM accesses for an algorithm to scale well.
The current source package and some binaries can be downloaded from http://panthema.net/2013/pmbw/
We also collect results from various multi-core systems on the page above.
The program and code is published under the GNU General Public License v3 (GPL), which can also be found in the file COPYING.
The basic idea of measuring memory bandwidth is not new, however, none of the
existing benchmarks target multi-core parallelism, growing array sizes and
simple program loops. The STREAM benchmark
allows tuning for specific hardware and is not in assembler
code. Zack Smith's bandwidth benchmark is
limited to sequential bandwidth and was the starting point for designing
pmbw.
Written 2013-07-08 by Timo Bingmann