useful-linux-command-lines
Change corrent directory in terminal
It is in ~/.bashrc but you can test it with this command lines without changing bashrc
export PS1="\u > "
- Instead of \u you can use this things
\a The 'bell' character
\A 24h Time
\d Date (e.g. Tue Dec 21)
\e The 'escape' character
\h Hostname (up to the first ".")
\H Hostname
\j No. of jobs currently running (ps)
\l Current tty
\n Line feed
\t Time (hh:mm:ss)
\T Time (hh:mm:ss, 12h format)
\r Carriage return
\s Shell (i.e. bash, zsh, ksh..)
\u Username
\v Bash version
\V Full Bash release string
\w Current working directory
\W Last part of the current working directory
\! Current index in history
\# Command index
\$ A "#" if you're root, else "$"
\\ Literal Backslash
\@ Time (12h format with am/pm
How to find does each port in used or not
netstate -na | LISTEN
To find port connection
nc -vz 192.168.15.72 22
Unzip multiple files using shell for loop
for g in *.gz; do gunzip $g; done
To create a directory path that is not exist you can use '-p' switch
mkdir -p /vol/web/media
mkdir -p /vol/web/static
chown -R meanse recursive that meanes all sub directory contain, and in user:user firs user is user and the second is groupid that you can see it in ll
FTP
To get multiple files in ftp path
Run this first:
prompt noprompt
So run this to get all files
mget files(*.csv)
Tmux
It's how to kill all running tmux or all tmux instead of current session
# kill all tmux
pkill -f tmux
# remove all session except current session
tmux kill-session -a
control + b and < ----> rename
control + b and c ----> new window
control + b and z ----> zoom
control + b and " ----> separate screen horizontal
control + b and % ----> separate screen vertical
control + b and w ----> show all sessions
control + b and m ----> mouse ON and insert it again to mouse OFF
Grep
To see resource file of grep result use '-r or -lr' switch or just grep without 'ls | grep'
cat * | grep -r QN
cat * | grep -lr QN
grep QN * (grep QN *)
QN : Qazvin
How to grep multiple strings
grep -e patten1 -e pattern2 -e pattern3
If you couldn's install psycopg2 on alpine docker, you can install these befor installing psycopg2
RUN apk update && apk add postgresql-dev gcc python3-dev musl-dev
pip install psycopg2
This command is like tail -f but this one you can use it for directories
watch ls
Network
To show network status ports and Ip's listen
sudo netstat -tulpn | grep LISTEN
find
To find type of file use this
find / -type f -name "*.py"
Git
Delete local changes
git checkout -f
git clean -fd
or
git reset --hard
Untrack folder locally in git and push to production without deleting Link
git rm -r --cached --ignore-unmatch folder_name
Push commit message changes without any file changes
git push --force-with-lease origin example-branch
git pull/clone with deploy key
GIT_SSH_COMMAND='ssh -i private_key_file -o IdentitiesOnly=yes' git clone user@host:repo.git
GIT_SSH_COMMAND='ssh -i private_key_file -o IdentitiesOnly=yes' git pull
Screen
To assign name to screen
screen -S your_session_name
To show list of screen
screen -ls
To go into the screen
screen -r [screen_name]
How to kill session
$ screen -X -S [session # you want to kill] quit
Hardware
To monitoring use:
top
htop
To show free memory use:
free -m
free -mh
dpkg
To install .deb softwares
sudo dpkg -i [software_name].deb
To change and reconfigure locals in deb
export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales
ls
lspci
lshw
lslok
lsns
SSHUTTL
To transfer all traffic from your vps
sshuttle -r user@ip(VPS) -x ip(vps) 0/0
SSH
To do ssh on your system by another host you shold open your ssh by
sudo apt install openssh-server
To transfer your traffic in a specific port for using sucks5 like telegram uses the following command this should use by a foregin vps
ssh -D [any port] -N user@ip
telegram: sucks5 127.0.0.1:aboveport
browser: add on switch omega
Copy ssh_pub to a remote server in it's ~/.ssh/known_hosts
ssh-copy-id fwutech@192.168.181.26 -p 50001
How forward your internet to remote server by ssh
ssh -L 3128:127.0.0.1:3128 user@10.XXX.XXX.XXX
export http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:3128(3129)
export http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:3128(3129)
So you shold allow to ssh by ufw
sudo ufw allow ssh
Mount
how to mount windows drives in linux
sudo mount -t ntfs-3g -o ro /dev/sda4 /media/mohamad/WIN_PART/
OR
sudo mount -t vfat -o ro /dev/sdb1 /media/aaronkilik/WIN_PART
tr
$cat greekfile | tr “[a-z]” “[A-Z]”
$cat geekfile | tr “[:lower:]” “[:upper:]”
$ echo "Welcome To GeeksforGeeks" | tr [:space:] '\t'
$ tr '{}' '()' newfile.txt
$ echo "Welcome To GeeksforGeeks" | tr -s [:space:] ' '
Add user and create sftp
First create a group and so ..
sudo addgroup sftp
sudo useradd -m sftpuser -g sftp
sudo passwd sftpuser
sudo chmod 700 /home/sftpuser/
Loop in linux
$ for i in $( ls ); do mv $i $i.txt; done
for i in $( ls ); do mv " $i" "SOURCE$i"; done
Rust
Create rustenv
First install venv of python so install rustenv
virtualenv venv -p python3
source ./venv/bin/activate
pip3 install rustenv
rustenv renv
source renv/bin/activate