OrganizeImports

1. Getting started
2. Configuration

OrganizeImports is a Scalafix semantic rule that helps you to organize import statements.

1. Getting started

Please refer to the Scalafix documentation for how to install Scalafix and invoking it in your build.

To try this rule in SBT console without updating your SBT build:

sbt> scalafix dependency:OrganizeImports@com.github.liancheng:organize-imports:0.3.1-RC3

To include this rule in your SBT build:

ThisBuild / scalafixDependencies += "com.github.liancheng" %% "organize-imports" % "0.3.1-RC3"

⚠️

Please do NOT use the Scalafix built-in RemoveUnsed rule together with OrganizeImports to remove unused imports. You may end up with broken code!

Scalafix rewrites source files by applying patches generated by invoked rules. Each rule generates a patch based on the original text of the source files. Therefore, when two patches generated by different rules conflict with each other, Scalafix is not able to reconcile the conflicts, and may produce broken code. This is exactly what happens when RemoveUnused and OrganizeImports are used together, since both rules rewrite import statements.

By default, OrganizeImports already removes unused imports for you (see the removeUnused option). It locates unused imports via compilation diagnostics, which is exactly how RemoveUnused does it. This mechanism works well in most cases, unless there are new unused imports generated while organizing imports, which is possible when the expandRelative option is set to true. For now, the only reliable workaround for this edge case is to run Scalafix twice, once with OrganizeImports, and another with RemoveUnused.

2. Configuration

2.1. Default configuration values

OrganizeImports {
  coalesceToWildcardImportThreshold = 2147483647 # Int.MaxValue
  expandRelative = false
  groupExplicitlyImportedImplicitsSeparately = false
  groupedImports = Explode
  groups = ["re:javax?\\.", "scala.", "*"]
  importSelectorsOrder = Ascii
  importsOrder = Ascii
  removeUnused = true
}

2.2. `coalesceToWildcardImportThreshold`

2.2.1. Description

When the number of imported names exceeds a certain threshold, coalesce them into a wildcard import. Renames and unimports are left untouched.

🚧

Having this feature in OrganizeImports is mostly for feature parity with the IntelliJ IDEA Scala import optimizer, but coalescing grouped import selectors into a wildcard import may introduce compilation errors!

Here is an example to illustrate the risk. The following snippet compiles successfully:

import scala.collection.immutable._
import scala.collection.mutable.{ArrayBuffer, Map, Set}

object Example {
  val m: Map[Int, Int] = ???
}

The type of Example.m above is not ambiguous because the mutable Map explicitly imported in the second import takes higher precedence than the immutable Map imported via wildcard in the first import.

However, if we coalesce the grouped importes in the second import statement into a wildcard, there will be a compilation error:

import scala.collection.immutable._
import scala.collection.mutable._

object Example {
  val m: Map[Int, Int] = ???
}

This is because the type of Example.m becomes ambiguous now since both the mutable and immutable Map are imported via a wildcard and have the same precedence.

2.2.2. Value type

Integer

2.2.3. Default value

Int.MaxValue

Rationale: Setting the default value to Int.MaxValue essentially disables this feature, since it can may cause correctness issues.

2.2.4. Example

Configuration:

OrganizeImports {
  groupedImports = Keep
  coalesceToWildcardImportThreshold = 3
}

Before:

import scala.collection.immutable.{Seq, Map, Vector, Set}
import scala.collection.immutable.{Seq, Map, Vector}
import scala.collection.immutable.{Seq, Map, Vector => Vec, Set, Stream}
import scala.collection.immutable.{Seq, Map, Vector => _, Set, Stream}

After:

import scala.collection.immutable._
import scala.collection.immutable.{Map, Seq, Vector}
import scala.collection.immutable.{Vector => Vec, _}
import scala.collection.immutable.{Vector => _, _}

2.3. `expandRelative`

2.3.1. Description

Expand relative imports into fully-qualified one.

🚧

Expanding relative imports may introduce new unused imports. For instance, relative imports in the following snippet

import scala.util
import util.control
import control.NonFatal

are expanded into

import scala.util
import scala.util.control
import scala.util.control.NonFatal

If neither scala.util nor scala.util.control is referenced anywhere after the expansion, they become unused imports.

Unfortunately, these newly introduced unused imports cannot be removed by setting removeUnused to true. Please refer to the removeUnused option for more details.

2.3.2. Value type

Boolean

2.3.3. Default value

false

2.3.4. Example

Configuration:

OrganizeImports {
  expandRelative = true
  groups = ["re:javax?\\.", "scala.", "*"]
}

Before:

import scala.util
import util.control
import control.NonFatal
import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
import java.time.Clock
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder
import javax.annotation.Generated
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext

After:

import java.time.Clock
import javax.annotation.Generated

import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext
import scala.util
import scala.util.control
import scala.util.control.NonFatal

import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder

2.4. `groupExplicitlyImportedImplicitsSeparately`

2.4.1. Description

This option provides a workaround to a subtle and rarely seen correctness issue related to explicitly imported implicit names.

The following snippet helps illustrate the problem:

package a

import c._
import b.i

object b { implicit def i: Int = 1 }
object c { implicit def i: Int = 2 }

object Imports {
  def f()(implicit i: Int) = println(1)
  def main() = f()
}

The above snippet compiles successfully and outputs 1, because the explicitly imported implicit value b.i overrides c.i, which is made available via a wildcard import. However, if we reorder the two imports into:

import b.i
import c._

The Scala compiler starts complianing:

error: could not find implicit value for parameter i: Int
  def main() = f()
                ^

This behavior could be due to a Scala compiler bug since the Scala language specification requires that explicitly imported names should have higher precedence than names made available via a wildcard.

Unfortunately, Scalafix is not able to surgically identify conflicting implicit values behind a wildcard import. In order to guarantee correctness in all cases, when the groupExplicitlyImportedImplicitsSeparately option is set to true, all explicitly imported implicit names are moved into the trailing order-preserving import group together with relative imports, if any (see the trailing order-preserving import group section for more details).

🚧

In general, order-sensitive imports are fragile, and can easily be broken by either human collaborators or tools (e.g., the IntelliJ IDEA Scala import optimizer does not handle this case correctly). They should be eliminated whenever possible. This option is mostly useful when you are dealing with a large trunk of legacy codebase and you want to minimize manual intervention and guarantee correctness in all cases.

2.4.2. Value type

Boolean

2.4.3. Default value

false

Rationale

This option defaults to false due to the following reasons:

Although setting it to true avoids the aforementioned correctness issue, the result is unintuitive and confusing for many users since it looks like the groups option is not respected.

E.g., why my scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits.global import is moved to a separate group even if I have a scala. group defined in the groups option?
The concerned correctness issue is rarely seen in real life. When it really happens, it is usually a sign of bad coding style and you may want to tweak your imports to eliminate the root cause.

2.4.4. Example

Configuration:

OrganizeImports {
  groups = ["scala.", *]
  groupExplicitlyImportedImplicitsSeparately = true
}

Before:

import org.apache.spark.SparkContext
import org.apache.spark.RDD
import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
import scala.collection.mutable.Buffer
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits.global
import scala.sys.process.stringToProcess

After:

import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
import scala.collection.mutable.Buffer

import org.apache.spark.RDD
import org.apache.spark.SparkContext

import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits.global
import scala.sys.process.stringToProcess

2.5. `groupedImports`

2.5.1. Description

Configure how to handle grouped imports.

2.5.2. Value type

Enum: Explode | Merge | Keep

Explode: Explode grouped imports into separate import statements.
Merge: Merge imports sharing the same prefix into a single grouped import statement.
Keep: Leave grouped imports and imports sharing the same prefix untouched.

2.5.3. Default value

Explode

2.5.4. Examples

Explode

Configuration:

OrganizeImports.groupedImports = Explode

Before:

import scala.collection.mutable.{ArrayBuffer, Buffer, StringBuilder}

After:

import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
import scala.collection.mutable.Buffer
import scala.collection.mutable.StringBuilder

Merge

Configuration:

OrganizeImports.groupedImports = Merge

Before:

import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
import scala.collection.mutable.Buffer
import scala.collection.mutable.StringBuilder

After:

import scala.collection.mutable.{ArrayBuffer, Buffer, StringBuilder}

2.6. `groups`

2.6.1. Description

Defines import groups by prefix patterns. Only global imports are processed.

All the imports matching the same prefix pattern are gathered into the same group and sorted by the order defined by the importsOrder option.

🚧	Comments living between imports being processed will be removed.

💡	`OrganizeImports` tries to match the longest prefix while grouping imports. For instance, the following configuration groups `scala.meta.` and `scala.` imports into different two groups properly: OrganizeImports.groups = [ "re:javax?\\." "scala." "scala.meta." "*" ]

❗

No matter how the groups option is configured, a special order-preserving import group may appear after all the configured import groups when:

The expandRelative option is set to false and there are relative imports.
The groupExplicitlyImportedImplicitsSeparately option is set to true and there are implicit names explicitly imported.

This special import group is necessary because the above two kinds of imports are order sensitive:

Relative imports

For instance, sorting the following imports in alphabetical order introduces compilation errors:

import scala.util
import util.control
import control.NonFatal

Explicitly imported implicit names

Please refer to the groupExplicitlyImportedImplicitsSeparately option for more details.

2.6.2. Value type

An ordered list of import prefix pattern strings. A prefix pattern can be one of the following:

A plain-text pattern

For instance, "scala." is a plain-text pattern that matches imports referring the scala package. Please note that the trailing dot is necessary, otherwise you may have scalafix and scala imports in the same group, which is not what you want in most cases.

A regular expression pattern

A regular expression pattern starts with re:. For instance, "re:javax?\\." is a regular expression pattern that matches both java and javax packages.

The wildcard pattern

The wildcard pattern, "*", defines the wildcard group, which matches all fully-qualified imports not belonging to any other groups. It can be omitted when it’s the last group. So the following two configurations are equivalent:

OrganizeImports.groups = ["re:javax?\\.", "scala.", "*"]
OrganizeImports.groups = ["re:javax?\\.", "scala."]

2.6.3. Default value

[
  "re:javax?\\."
  "scala."
  "*"
]

2.6.4. Examples

Fully-qualified imports only

Configuration:

OrganizeImports.groups = ["re:javax?\\.", "scala.", "*"]

Before:

import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
import java.time.Clock
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder
import javax.annotation.Generated
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext

After:

import java.time.Clock
import javax.annotation.Generated

import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext

import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder

With relative imports

Configuration:

OrganizeImports.groups = ["re:javax?\\.", "scala.", "*"]

Before:

import scala.util
import util.control
import control.NonFatal
import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
import java.time.Clock
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder
import javax.annotation.Generated
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext

After:

import java.time.Clock
import javax.annotation.Generated

import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext
import scala.util

import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder

import util.control
import control.NonFatal

With relative imports and an explicitly imported implicit name

Configuration:

OrganizeImports.groups = ["re:javax?\\.", "scala.", "*"]

Before:

import scala.util
import util.control
import control.NonFatal
import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
import java.time.Clock
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder
import javax.annotation.Generated
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits.global

After:

import java.time.Clock
import javax.annotation.Generated

import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
import scala.util

import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder

import util.control
import control.NonFatal
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits.global

Regular expression

Defining import groups using regular expressions can be quite flexible. For instance, the scala.meta package is not part of the Scala standard library (yet), but the default groups defined in the OrganizeImports.groups option move imports from this package into the scala. group. The following example illustrates how to move them into the wildcard group using regular expression.

Configuration:

OrganizeImports.groups = [
  "re:javax?\\."
  "re:scala.(?!meta\\.)"
  "*"
]

Before:

import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
import java.time.Clock
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder
import scala.meta.Tree
import javax.annotation.Generated
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext
import scala.meta.Import
import scala.meta.Pkg

After:

import java.time.Clock
import javax.annotation.Generated

import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext

import scala.meta.Import
import scala.meta.Pkg
import scala.meta.Tree
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder

2.7. `importSelectorsOrder`

2.7.1. Description

Specifies the order of grouped import selectors within a single import expression.

2.7.2. Value type

Enum: Ascii | SymbolsFirst | Keep

Ascii: Sort import selectors by ASCII codes, equivalent to the AsciiSortImports rewriting rule in Scalafmt.
SymbolsFirst: Sort import selectors by the groups: symbols, lower-case, upper-case, equivalent to the SortImports rewriting rule in Scalafmt.
Keep: Keep the original order.

2.7.3. Default value

Ascii

2.7.4. Examples

Ascii

Configuration:

OrganizeImports {
  groupedImports = Keep
  importSelectorsOrder = Ascii
}

Before:

import foo.{~>, `symbol`, bar, Random}

After:

import foo.{Random, `symbol`, bar, ~>}

SymbolsFirst

Configuration:

OrganizeImports {
  groupedImports = Keep
  importSelectorsOrder = SymbolsFirst
}

Before:

import foo.{Random, `symbol`, bar, ~>}

After:

import foo.{~>, `symbol`, bar, Random}

2.8. `importsOrder`

2.8.1. Description

Specifies the order of import statements within import groups defined by the OrganizeImports.groups option.

2.8.2. Value type

Enum: Ascii | SymbolsFirst | Keep

Ascii: Sort import statements by ASCII codes. This is the default sorting order that the IntelliJ IDEA Scala import optimizer picks ("lexicographically" option).
SymbolsFirst: Put wildcard imports and grouped imports with braces first, otherwise same as Ascii. This replicates IntelliJ IDEA Scala’s "scalastyle consistent" option.
Keep: Keep the original order.

2.8.3. Default value

Ascii

2.8.4. Examples

Ascii

Configuration:

OrganizeImports {
  groupedImports = Keep
  importsOrder = Ascii
}

Before:

import scala.concurrent._
import scala.concurrent.{Future, Promise}
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits._
import scala.concurrent.duration

After:

import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits._
import scala.concurrent._
import scala.concurrent.duration
import scala.concurrent.{Promise, Future}

SymbolsFirst

Configuration:

OrganizeImports {
  groupedImports = Keep
  importsOrder = SymbolsFirst
}

Before:

import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits._
import scala.concurrent._
import scala.concurrent.duration
import scala.concurrent.{Promise, Future}

After:

import scala.concurrent._
import scala.concurrent.{Future, Promise}
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits._
import scala.concurrent.duration

2.9. `removeUnused`

2.9.1. Description

Remove unused imports.

🚧

As mentioned in the Getting started section, the removeUnused option doesn’t play perfectly with the expandRelative option. Setting expandRelative to true might introduce new unused imports (see expandRelative). These newly introduced unused imports cannot be removed by setting removeUnused to true. This is because unused imports are identified using Scala compilation diagnostics information, and the compilation phase happens before Scalafix rules get applied.

2.9.2. Value type

Boolean

2.9.3. Default value

true

2.9.4. Example

Configuration:

OrganizeImports {
  groups = ["javax?\\.", "scala.", "*"]
  removeUnused = true
}

Before:

import scala.collection.mutable.{Buffer, ArrayBuffer}
import java.time.Clock
import java.lang.{Long => JLong, Double => JDouble}

object RemoveUnused {
  val buffer: ArrayBuffer[Int] = ArrayBuffer.empty[Int]
  val long: JLong = JLong.parseLong("0")
}

After:

import java.lang.{Long => JLong}

import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer

object RemoveUnused {
  val buffer: ArrayBuffer[Int] = ArrayBuffer.empty[Int]
  val long: JLong = JLong.parseLong("0")
}

taisukeoe/scalafix-organize-imports

OrganizeImports

1. Getting started

2. Configuration

2.1. Default configuration values

2.2. coalesceToWildcardImportThreshold

2.2.1. Description

2.2.2. Value type

2.2.3. Default value

2.2.4. Example

2.3. expandRelative

2.3.1. Description

2.3.2. Value type

2.3.3. Default value

2.3.4. Example

2.4. groupExplicitlyImportedImplicitsSeparately

2.4.1. Description

2.4.2. Value type

2.4.3. Default value

2.4.4. Example

2.5. groupedImports

2.5.1. Description

2.5.2. Value type

2.5.3. Default value

2.5.4. Examples

2.6. groups

2.6.1. Description

2.6.2. Value type

2.6.3. Default value

2.6.4. Examples

2.7. importSelectorsOrder

2.7.1. Description

2.7.2. Value type

2.7.3. Default value

2.7.4. Examples

2.8. importsOrder

2.8.1. Description

2.8.2. Value type

2.8.3. Default value

2.8.4. Examples

2.9. removeUnused

2.9.1. Description

2.9.2. Value type

2.9.3. Default value

2.9.4. Example

2.2. `coalesceToWildcardImportThreshold`

2.3. `expandRelative`

2.4. `groupExplicitlyImportedImplicitsSeparately`

2.5. `groupedImports`

2.6. `groups`

2.7. `importSelectorsOrder`

2.8. `importsOrder`

2.9. `removeUnused`