Analysis was designed by Xiao-Peng Song, Xi Li, Ziying Fan, and Xiya Li. Code was written by Xiya Li.
The data used in this study are available at https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Ldkl_kJ9zsFJbn4diP2-FbQSqbQG2EiE?usp=sharing. Annual productive cropland maps (30 m) and NTL maps (1 km) are also available at Zenodo (https://zenodo.org/record/5706374#.YZQstmDMIuU). Precipitation data are downloadable at: https://chrsdata.eng.uci.edu/. Source data are provided with this paper.
Code was written in a combination of Python, Javascript, matlab.
(1) The 'classification' folder contains codes for generating land cover classification results. It was run on the platform of google earth engine and High Performance Computing Center Texas tech university. (2) The 'Quantitative experiment' folder contains codes for generating related quantative experiments. It was run on the platform of PC.