- Introduction
- Changelog
- Contributing
- Reporting Issues
- Installation
- Quick Start
- Persistence
- Creating User and Database at Launch
- Creating a Snapshot or Slave Database
- Host UID / GID Mapping
- Upgrading
- Shell Access
Dockerfile to build a PostgreSQL container image which can be linked to other containers.
If you find this image useful here's how you can help:
- Send a Pull Request with your awesome new features and bug fixes
- Help new users with Issues they may encounter
- Support the development of this image with a donation
Docker is a relatively new project and is being actively developed and tested by a thriving community of developers and testers and every release of Docker features many enhancements and bugfixes.
Given the nature of the development and release cycle it is very important that you have the latest version of docker installed because any issue that you encounter might have already been fixed with a newer docker release.
For ubuntu users I suggest installing docker using docker's own package repository since the version of docker packaged in the ubuntu repositories are a little dated.
Here is the shortform of the installation of an updated version of docker on ubuntu.
sudo apt-get purge docker.io
curl -s https://get.docker.io/ubuntu/ | sudo sh
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install lxc-docker
Fedora and RHEL/CentOS users should try disabling selinux with setenforce 0
and check if resolves the issue. If it does than there is not much that I can help you with. You can either stick with selinux disabled (not recommended by redhat) or switch to using ubuntu.
If using the latest docker version and/or disabling selinux does not fix the issue then please file a issue request on the issues page.
In your issue report please make sure you provide the following information:
- The host distribution and release version.
- Output of the
docker version
command - Output of the
docker info
command - The
docker run
command you used to run the image (mask out the sensitive bits).
Pull the latest version of the image from the docker index. This is the recommended method of installation as it is easier to update image in the future. These builds are performed by the Docker Trusted Build service.
docker pull sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
Alternately you can build the image yourself.
git clone https://github.com/sameersbn/docker-postgresql.git
cd docker-postgresql
docker build -t="$USER/postgresql" .
Run the postgresql image
docker run --name postgresql -d sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
The simplest way to login to the postgresql container as the administrative postgres
user is to use the docker exec
command to attach a new process to the running container and connect to the postgresql server over the unix socket.
docker exec -it postgresql sudo -u postgres psql
For data persistence a volume should be mounted at /var/lib/postgresql
.
SELinux users are also required to change the security context of the mount point so that it plays nicely with selinux.
mkdir -p /opt/postgresql/data
sudo chcon -Rt svirt_sandbox_file_t /opt/postgresql/data
The updated run command looks like this.
docker run --name postgresql -d \
-v /opt/postgresql/data:/var/lib/postgresql sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
This will make sure that the data stored in the database is not lost when the image is stopped and started again.
The image allows you to create a user and database at launch time.
To create a new user you should specify the DB_USER
and DB_PASS
variables. The following command will create a new user dbuser with the password dbpass.
docker run --name postgresql -d \
-e 'DB_USER=dbuser' -e 'DB_PASS=dbpass' \
sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
NOTE
- If the password is not specified the user will not be created
- If the user user already exists no changes will be made
Similarly, you can also create a new database by specifying the database name in the DB_NAME
variable.
docker run --name postgresql -d \
-e 'DB_NAME=dbname' sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
You may also specify a comma separated list of database names in the DB_NAME
variable. The following command creates two new databases named dbname1 and dbname2 (p.s. this feature is only available in releases greater than 9.1-1).
docker run --name postgresql -d \
-e 'DB_NAME=dbname1,dbname2' \
sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
If the DB_USER
and DB_PASS
variables are also specified while creating the database, then the user is granted access to the database(s).
For example,
docker run --name postgresql -d \
-e 'DB_USER=dbuser' -e 'DB_PASS=dbpass' -e 'DB_NAME=dbname' \
sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
will create a user dbuser with the password dbpass. It will also create a database named dbname and the dbuser user will have full access to the dbname database.
The PSQL_TRUST_LOCALNET
environment variable can be used to configure postgres to trust connections on the same network. This is handy for other containers to connect without authentication. To enable this behavior, set PSQL_TRUST_LOCALNET
to true
.
For example,
docker run --name postgresql -d \
-e 'PSQL_TRUST_LOCALNET=true' \
sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
This has the effect of adding the following to the pg_hba.conf
file:
host all all samenet trust
You may use the PSQL_MODE
variable along with REPLICATION_HOST
, REPLICATION_PORT
, REPLICATION_USER
and REPLICATION_PASS
to create a snapshot of an existing database and enable stream replication.
Your master database must support replication or super-user access for the credentials you specify. The PSQL_MODE
variable should be set to master
, for replication on your master node and slave
or snapshot
respectively for streaming replication or a point-in-time snapshot of a running instance.
Create a master instance
docker run --name='psql-master' -it --rm \
-e 'PSQL_MODE=master' -e 'PSQL_TRUST_LOCALNET=true' \
-e 'REPLICATION_USER=replicator' -e 'REPLICATION_PASS=replicatorpass' \
-e 'DB_NAME=dbname' -e 'DB_USER=dbuser' -e 'DB_PASS=dbpass' \
sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
Create a streaming replication instance
docker run --name='psql-slave' -it --rm \
--link psql-master:psql-master \
-e 'PSQL_MODE=slave' -e 'PSQL_TRUST_LOCALNET=true' \
-e 'REPLICATION_HOST=psql-master' -e 'REPLICATION_PORT=5432' \
-e 'REPLICATION_USER=replicator' -e 'REPLICATION_PASS=replicatorpass' \
sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
Unaccent is a text search dictionary that removes accents (diacritic signs) from lexemes. It's a filtering dictionary, which means its output is always passed to the next dictionary (if any), unlike the normal behavior of dictionaries. This allows accent-insensitive processing for full text search.
By default unaccent is configure to false
docker run --name postgresql -d \
-e 'DB_UNACCENT=true' \
sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
Per default the container is configured to run postgres as user and group postgres
with some unknown uid
and gid
. The host possibly uses these ids for different purposes leading to unfavorable effects. From the host it appears as if the mounted data volumes are owned by the host's user/group [whatever id postgres has in the image]
.
Also the container processes seem to be executed as the host's user/group [whatever id postgres has in the image]
. The container can be configured to map the uid
and gid
of postgres
to different ids on host by passing the environment variables USERMAP_UID
and USERMAP_GID
. The following command maps the ids to user and group postgres
on the host.
docker run --name=postgresql -it --rm [options] \
--env="USERMAP_UID=$(id -u postgres)" --env="USERMAP_GID=$(id -g postgres)" \
sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
To upgrade to newer releases, simply follow this 3 step upgrade procedure.
- Step 1: Stop the currently running image
docker stop postgresql
- Step 2: Update the docker image.
docker pull sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
- Step 3: Start the image
docker run --name postgresql -d [OPTIONS] sameersbn/postgresql:9.4-2
For debugging and maintenance purposes you may want access the containers shell. If you are using docker version 1.3.0
or higher you can access a running containers shell using docker exec
command.
docker exec -it postgresql bash
If you are using an older version of docker, you can use the nsenter linux tool (part of the util-linux package) to access the container shell.
Some linux distros (e.g. ubuntu) use older versions of the util-linux which do not include the nsenter
tool. To get around this @jpetazzo has created a nice docker image that allows you to install the nsenter
utility and a helper script named docker-enter
on these distros.
To install nsenter
execute the following command on your host,
docker run --rm -v /usr/local/bin:/target jpetazzo/nsenter
Now you can access the container shell using the command
sudo docker-enter postgresql
For more information refer https://github.com/jpetazzo/nsenter