Git Library for Ruby

Library for using Git in Ruby.

Homepage

Git public hosting of the project source code is at:

Install

You can install Ruby/Git like this:

$ sudo gem install git

Code Status

Major Objects

Git::Base - The object returned from a Git.open or Git.clone. Most major actions are called from this object.

Git::Object - The base object for your tree, blob and commit objects, returned from @git.gtree or @git.object calls. the Git::AbstractObject will have most of the calls in common for all those objects.

Git::Diff - returns from a @git.diff command. It is an Enumerable that returns Git::Diff:DiffFile objects from which you can get per file patches and insertion/deletion statistics. You can also get total statistics from the Git::Diff object directly.

Git::Status - returns from a @git.status command. It is an Enumerable that returns Git:Status::StatusFile objects for each object in git, which includes files in the working directory, in the index and in the repository. Similar to running 'git status' on the command line to determine untracked and changed files.

Git::Branches - Enumerable object that holds Git::Branch objects. You can call .local or .remote on it to filter to just your local or remote branches.

Git::Remote- A reference to a remote repository that is tracked by this repository.

Git::Log - An Enumerable object that references all the Git::Object::Commit objects that encompass your log query, which can be constructed through methods on the Git::Log object, like:

@git.log(20).object("some_file").since("2 weeks ago").between('v2.6', 'v2.7').each { |commit| [block] }

Examples

Here are a bunch of examples of how to use the Ruby/Git package.

Ruby < 1.9 will require rubygems to be loaded.

    require 'rubygems'

Require the 'git' gem.

    require 'git'

Git env config

  Git.configure do |config|
    # If you want to use a custom git binary
    config.binary_path = '/git/bin/path'

    # If you need to use a custom SSH script
    config.git_ssh = '/path/to/ssh/script'
  end

NOTE: Another way to specify where is the git binary is through the environment variable GIT_PATH

Here are the operations that need read permission only.

    g = Git.open(working_dir, :log => Logger.new(STDOUT))

    g.index
    g.index.readable?
    g.index.writable?
    g.repo
    g.dir

    g.log   # returns array of Git::Commit objects
    g.log.since('2 weeks ago')
    g.log.between('v2.5', 'v2.6')
    g.log.each {|l| puts l.sha }
    g.gblob('v2.5:Makefile').log.since('2 weeks ago')

    g.object('HEAD^').to_s  # git show / git rev-parse
    g.object('HEAD^').contents
    g.object('v2.5:Makefile').size
    g.object('v2.5:Makefile').sha

    g.gtree(treeish)
    g.gblob(treeish)
    g.gcommit(treeish)


    commit = g.gcommit('1cc8667014381')

    commit.gtree
    commit.parent.sha
    commit.parents.size
    commit.author.name
    commit.author.email
    commit.author.date.strftime("%m-%d-%y")
    commit.committer.name
    commit.date.strftime("%m-%d-%y")
    commit.message

    tree = g.gtree("HEAD^{tree}")

    tree.blobs
    tree.subtrees
    tree.children # blobs and subtrees

    g.revparse('v2.5:Makefile')

    g.branches # returns Git::Branch objects
    g.branches.local
    g.branches.remote
    g.branches[:master].gcommit
    g.branches['origin/master'].gcommit

    g.grep('hello')  # implies HEAD
    g.blob('v2.5:Makefile').grep('hello')
    g.tag('v2.5').grep('hello', 'docs/')
    g.describe()
    g.describe('0djf2aa')
    g.describe('HEAD', {:all => true, :tags => true})

    g.diff(commit1, commit2).size
    g.diff(commit1, commit2).stats
    g.diff(commit1, commit2).name_status
    g.gtree('v2.5').diff('v2.6').insertions
    g.diff('gitsearch1', 'v2.5').path('lib/')
    g.diff('gitsearch1', @git.gtree('v2.5'))
    g.diff('gitsearch1', 'v2.5').path('docs/').patch
    g.gtree('v2.5').diff('v2.6').patch

    g.gtree('v2.5').diff('v2.6').each do |file_diff|
       puts file_diff.path
       puts file_diff.patch
       puts file_diff.blob(:src).contents
    end

    g.config('user.name')  # returns 'Scott Chacon'
    g.config # returns whole config hash

    g.tags # returns array of Git::Tag objects

    g.show()
    g.show('HEAD')
    g.show('v2.8', 'README.md')

    Git.ls_remote('https://github.com/ruby-git/ruby-git.git') # returns a hash containing the available references of the repo.
    Git.ls_remote('/path/to/local/repo')
    Git.ls_remote() # same as Git.ls_remote('.')

And here are the operations that will need to write to your git repository.

      g = Git.init
       Git.init('project')
       Git.init('/home/schacon/proj',
        { :repository => '/opt/git/proj.git',
           :index => '/tmp/index'} )

     g = Git.clone(URI, NAME, :path => '/tmp/checkout')
     g.config('user.name', 'Scott Chacon')
     g.config('user.email', 'email@email.com')

     g.add                                   # git add -- "."
     g.add(:all=>true)                       # git add --all -- "."
     g.add('file_path')                      # git add -- "file_path"
     g.add(['file_path_1', 'file_path_2'])   # git add -- "file_path_1" "file_path_2"

     g.remove()									# git rm -f -- "."
     g.remove('file.txt')						# git rm -f -- "file.txt"
     g.remove(['file.txt', 'file2.txt'])		# git rm -f -- "file.txt" "file2.txt"
     g.remove('file.txt', :recursive => true) 	# git rm -f -r -- "file.txt"
     g.remove('file.txt', :cached => true)		# git rm -f --cached -- "file.txt"

     g.commit('message')
     g.commit_all('message')

     g = Git.clone(repo, 'myrepo')
     g.chdir do
      new_file('test-file', 'blahblahblah')
      g.status.changed.each do |file|
       puts file.blob(:index).contents
      end
     end

     g.reset # defaults to HEAD
     g.reset_hard(Git::Commit)

     g.branch('new_branch') # creates new or fetches existing
     g.branch('new_branch').checkout
     g.branch('new_branch').delete
     g.branch('existing_branch').checkout
     g.branch('master').contains?('existing_branch')

     g.checkout('new_branch')
     g.checkout(g.branch('new_branch'))

     g.branch(name).merge(branch2)
     g.branch(branch2).merge  # merges HEAD with branch2

     g.branch(name).in_branch(message) { # add files }  # auto-commits
     g.merge('new_branch')
     g.merge('origin/remote_branch')
     g.merge(g.branch('master'))
     g.merge([branch1, branch2])

     g.merge_base('branch1', 'branch2')

     r = g.add_remote(name, uri)  # Git::Remote
     r = g.add_remote(name, Git::Base)  # Git::Remote

     g.remotes  # array of Git::Remotes
     g.remote(name).fetch
     g.remote(name).remove
     g.remote(name).merge
     g.remote(name).merge(branch)

     g.fetch
     g.fetch(g.remotes.first)
     g.fetch('origin', {:ref => 'some/ref/head'} )

     g.pull
     g.pull(Git::Repo, Git::Branch) # fetch and a merge

     g.add_tag('tag_name') # returns Git::Tag
     g.add_tag('tag_name', 'object_reference')
     g.add_tag('tag_name', 'object_reference', {:options => 'here'})
     g.add_tag('tag_name', {:options => 'here'})

     Options:
       :a | :annotate
       :d
       :f
       :m | :message
       :s

     g.delete_tag('tag_name')

     g.repack

     g.push
     g.push(g.remote('name'))

Some examples of more low-level index and tree operations

     g.with_temp_index do

       g.read_tree(tree3) # calls self.index.read_tree
       g.read_tree(tree1, :prefix => 'hi/')

       c = g.commit_tree('message')
       # or #
       t = g.write_tree
       c = g.commit_tree(t, :message => 'message', :parents => [sha1, sha2])

       g.branch('branch_name').update_ref(c)
       g.update_ref(branch, c)

       g.with_temp_working do # new blank working directory
         g.checkout
         g.checkout(another_index)
         g.commit # commits to temp_index
       end
     end

     g.set_index('/path/to/index')


     g.with_index(path) do
       # calls set_index, then switches back after
     end

     g.with_working(dir) do
     # calls set_working, then switches back after
     end

     g.with_temp_working(dir) do
       g.checkout_index(:prefix => dir, :path_limiter => path)
       # do file work
       g.commit # commits to index
     end