About
Visit the PiVPN site for more information. This is a set of shell scripts developed by @0-kaladin that serve to easily turn your Raspberry Pi (TM) into a VPN server using the free, open-source OpenVPN software.
Have you been looking for a good guide or tutorial for installing openvpn on a raspberry pi or ubuntu based server? Run this script and you don't need a guide or tutorial, this will do it all for you, in a fraction of the time and with hardened security settings in place by default.
The master branch of this script installs and configures OpenVPN on Raspbian Jessie, Stretch, Devuan and has been tested on Ubuntu 14.04 and 16.04 running from an Amazon AWS image. We recommend using the Stretch or Jessie Lite image on a raspberry pi in your home so you can VPN into your home from unsecure remote locations and safely use the internet. However, the scripts do try to detect different distributions and make adjustments accordingly. They should work on the majority of Ubuntu and Debian based distributions including those using UFW by default instead of raw iptables.
This scripts primary mission in life is to allow a user to have a home VPN for as cost effective as possible and without being a technical wizard. Hence the design of pivpn to work on a Raspberry Pi ($35) and then one command installer. Followed by easy management of the VPN thereafter with the 'pivpn' command. That being said...
This will also work on a free-tier Amazon AWS server using Ubuntu 14.04 - 16.04. I don't want to support every scenario there but getting it to run and install successfully on a free server in the cloud was also important. Many people have untrustworthy ISP's so running on a server elsewhere means you can connect to the VPN from home and your ISP will just see encrypted traffic as your traffic will now be leaving out the amazon infrastructure.
Prerequisites
To follow this guide and use the script to setup OpenVPN, you will need to have a Raspberry Pi Model B or later with an ethernet port, an SD or microSD card (depending on the model) with Raspbian installed, a power adapter appropriate to the power needs of your model, and an ethernet cable or wifi adapter to connect your Pi to your router or gateway. It is recommended that you use a fresh image of Raspbian Stretch Lite from https://raspberrypi.org/downloads, but if you don't, be sure to make a backup image of your existing installation before proceeding. You should also setup your Pi with a static IP address (see either source 1 or 2 at the bottom of this Readme) but it is not required as the script can do this for you. You will need to have your router forward UDP port 1194 (or whatever custom port you may have chose in the installer) (varies by model & manufacturer; consult your router manufacturer's documentation to do this). Enabling SSH on your Pi is also highly recommended, so that you can run a very compact headless server without a monitor or keyboard and be able to access it even more conveniently (This is also covered by source 2).
Installation
curl -L https://install.pivpn.io | bashThe script will first update your APT repositories, upgrade packages, and install OpenVPN, which will take some time. It will ask which authentication method you wish the guts of your server to use, 1024-bit, 2048-bit, or 4096-bit. If you're unsure or don't have a convincing reason one way or the other I'd use 2048 today. From the OpenVPN site:
For asymmetric keys, general wisdom is that 1024-bit keys are no longer sufficient to protect against well-equipped adversaries. Use of 2048-bit is a good minimum. It is wise to ensure all keys across your active PKI (including the CA root keypair) are using at least 2048-bit keys.
Up to 4096-bit is accepted by nearly all RSA systems (including OpenVPN), but use of keys this large will dramatically increase generation time, TLS handshake delays, and CPU usage for TLS operations; the benefit beyond 2048-bit keys is small enough not to be of great use at the current time. It is often a larger benefit to consider lower validity times than more bits past 2048, but that is for you to decide.
Luckily, OpenVPN 2.4 supports ECDSA certificates, which are based on Elliptic Curves, allowing much smaller keys while providing an equivalent security level (256 bit long, equivalent to 3072 bit RSA). For this reason, PiVPN now uses ECDSA certs if you choose to enable OpenVPN 2.4 features. If not, the usual RSA certificates are generated in case the user has clients running an older version of OpenVPN.
After this, the script will go back to the command line as it builds the server's own certificate authority. The script will ask you if you'd like to change the certificate fields, the default port, client's DNS server, etc. If you know you want to change these things, feel free, and the script will put all the information where it needs to go in the various config files. If you aren't sure, it has been designed that you can simply hit 'Enter' through all the questions and have a working configuration at the end.
Finally, the script will take some time to build the server's Diffie-Hellman key exchange. If you chose 1024-bit encryption, this will just take a few minutes, but if you chose 2048-bit, it will take much longer (anywhere from 40 minutes to several hours on a Model B+).
NOTE: Diffie-Hellman parameters are NOT generated if you choose not to use OpenVPN 2.4.
The script will also make some changes to your system to allow it to forward
internet traffic and allow VPN connections through the Pi's firewall. When the script
informs you that it has finished configuring OpenVPN, it will ask if you want to reboot.
I have it where you do not need to reboot when done but it also can't hurt.
Managing the PiVPN
After the installation is complete you can use the command 'pivpn' to manage the server.
"pivpn add" You will be prompted to enter a name for your client. Pick anything you like and hit 'enter'. You will be asked to enter a pass phrase for the client key; make sure it's one you'll remember. The script will assemble the client .ovpn file and place it in the directory 'ovpns' within your home directory.
If you need to create a client certificate that is not password protected (IE for use on a router), then you can use the 'pivpn add nopass' option to generate that.
"pivpn revoke" Asks you for the name of the client to revoke. Once you revoke a client, it will no longer allow you to use the given client certificate (ovpn config) to connect. This is useful for many reasons but some ex: You have a profile on a mobile phone and it was lost or stolen. Revoke its cert and generate a new one for your new phone. Or even if you suspect that a cert may have been compromised in any way, just revoke it and generate a new one.
"pivpn list" If you add more than a few clients, this gives you a nice list of their names and whether their certificate is still valid or has been revoked. Great way to keep track of what you did with 'pivpn add' and 'pivpn revoke'.
You can run just 'pivpn' to see all the options.
Importing .ovpn Profiles on Client Machines
To move a client .ovpn profile to Windows, use a program like WinSCP or Cyberduck. Note that you may need administrator permission to move files to some folders on your Windows machine, so if you have trouble transferring the profile to a particular folder with your chosen file transfer program, try moving it to your desktop. To move a profile to Android, you can either retrieve it on PC and then move it to your device via USB, or you can use an app like Turbo FTP & SFTP client to retrieve it directly from your Android device.
To import the profile to OpenVPN on Windows, download the OpenVPN GUI from the community downloads section of openvpn.net, install it, and place the profile in the 'config' folder of your OpenVPN directory, i.e., in 'C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\config'. To import the profile on Android, install the OpenVPN Connect app, select 'Import' from the drop-down menu in the upper right corner of the main screen, choose the directory on your device where you stored the .ovpn file, and select the file.
After importing, connect to the VPN server on Windows by running the OpenVPN GUI with administrator permissions, right-clicking on the icon in the system tray, and clicking 'Connect', or on Android by selecting the profile under 'OpenVPN Profile' and pressing 'Connect'. You'll be asked to enter the pass phrase you chose. Do so, and you're in! Enjoy your ~$50 USD private VPN.
Removing PiVPN
If at any point you wish to remove OpenVPN from your Pi and revert it to a pre-installation state, such as if you want to undo a failed installation to try again or you want to remove OpenVPN without installing a fresh Raspbian image, just run 'pivpn uninstall'
Feedback & Support
Please read carefully the issue template and the contributors' guide, we will close all incomplete issue templates.
PiVPN is purely community driven, and we are interested in making this script work for as many people as possible, we welcome any feedback on your experience. Please be respectful and be aware that this is maintained with our free time!
for community support or general questions. Feel free to post on our subreddit https://www.reddit.com/r/pivpn/ You can also join #pivpn ircs://freenode/pivpn on freenode in IRC
For code related issues, code contributions, feature requests, feel free to open an issue here at github. We will classify the issues the best we can to keep things sorted.
Related Projects
StarshipEngineer/OpenVPN-Setup Shell script to set up a OpenVPN server.
InnovativeInventor/docker-pivpn A secure docker container that sets up PiVPN and SSH.
OpenVPN The foundation for all open-source VPN projects.
Contributions
Please check the current issues to see where you can help. If you have any feature ideas or requests, or are interested in adding your ideas to it, testing it on other platforms, please comment or leave a pull request. If you contribute often I can add you as a member of the PiVPN project. I will be happy to work with you!
If you have found this tool to be useful and want to Donate then consider the following sources.
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I began this as a rough merger of the code at OpenVPNSetup who you can donate to at this PayPal link
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And the code at pi-hole.net
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Of course there is OpenVPN
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And as always the ever vigilant EFF
PiVPN is not taking donations at this time but if you want to show your appreciation, then contribute or leave feedback on suggestions or improvements.