drf-spectacular

Sane and flexible OpenAPI 3.0 schema generation for Django REST framework.

This project has 3 goals:

Extract as much schema information from DRF as possible.
Provide flexibility to make the schema usable in the real world (not only toy examples).
Generate a schema that works well with the most popular client generators.

The code is a heavily modified fork of the DRF OpenAPI generator, which is/was lacking all of the below listed features.

Features

Serializers modelled as components. (arbitrary nesting and recursion supported)
@extend_schema decorator for customization of APIView, Viewsets, function-based views, and @action
- additional parameters
- request/response serializer override (with status codes)
- polymorphic responses either manually with PolymorphicProxySerializer helper or via rest_polymorphic's PolymorphicSerializer)
- ... and more customization options
Authentication support (DRF natives included, easily extendable)
Custom serializer class support (easily extendable)
MethodSerializerField() type via type hinting or @extend_schema_field
i18n support
Tags extraction
Description extraction from docstrings
Sane fallbacks
Sane operation_id naming (based on path)
Schema serving with SpectacularAPIView (Redoc and Swagger-UI views are also available)
Optional input/output serializer component split
Included support for:
- django-polymorphic / django-rest-polymorphic
- SimpleJWT
- DjangoOAuthToolkit
- djangorestframework-jwt (tested fork drf-jwt)
- djangorestframework-camel-case (via postprocessing hook camelize_serializer_fields)
- django-filter (basic support out-of-the-box; improved types either with SpectacularDjangoFilterBackendMixin or drf-spectacular's DjangoFilterBackend)

For more information visit the documentation.

License

Provided by T. Franzel, Cashlink Technologies GmbH. Licensed under 3-Clause BSD.

Requirements

Python >= 3.6
Django (2.2, 3.0)
Django REST Framework (3.10, 3.11)

Installation

Install using pip…

$ pip install drf-spectacular

then add drf-spectacular to installed apps in settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    # ALL YOUR APPS
    'drf_spectacular',
]

and finally register our spectacular AutoSchema with DRF

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    # YOUR SETTINGS
    'DEFAULT_SCHEMA_CLASS': 'drf_spectacular.openapi.AutoSchema',
}

Take it for a spin

Generate your schema with the CLI:

$ ./manage.py spectacular --file schema.yml
$ docker run -p 80:8080 -e SWAGGER_JSON=/schema.yml -v ${PWD}/schema.yml:/schema.yml swaggerapi/swagger-ui

If you also want to validate your schema add the --validate flag. Or serve your schema directly from your API. We also provide convenience wrappers for swagger-ui or redoc.

from drf_spectacular.views import SpectacularAPIView
urlpatterns = [
    # YOUR PATTERNS
    path('api/schema/', SpectacularAPIView.as_view(), name='schema'),
    # Optional UI:
    path('api/schema/swagger-ui/', SpectacularSwaggerView.as_view(url_name='schema'), name='swagger-ui'),
    path('api/schema/redoc/', SpectacularRedocView.as_view(url_name='schema'), name='redoc'),
]

Usage

drf-spectacular works pretty well out of the box. You might also want to set some metadata for your API. Just create a SPECTACULAR_SETTINGS dictionary in your settings.py and override the defaults. Have a look at the available settings.

The toy examples do not cover your cases? No problem, you can heavily customize how your schema will be rendered.

Customization by using `@extend_schema`

Most customization cases should be covered by the extend_schema decorator. We usually get pretty far with specifying OpenApiParameter and splitting request/response serializers, but the sky is the limit.

from drf_spectacular.utils import extend_schema, OpenApiParameter
from drf_spectacular.types import OpenApiTypes

class AlbumViewset(viewset.ModelViewset)
    serializer_class = AlbumSerializer

    @extend_schema(
        request=AlbumCreationSerializer
        responses={201: AlbumSerializer},
    )
    def create(self, request):
        # your non-standard behaviour
        return super().create(request)

    @extend_schema(
        # extra parameters added to the schema
        parameters=[
            OpenApiParameter(name='artist', description='Filter by artist', required=False, type=str),
            OpenApiParameter(
                name='release',
                type=OpenApiTypes.DATE,
                location=OpenApiParameter.QUERY,
                description='Filter by release date',
            ),
        ],
        # override default docstring extraction
        description='More descriptive text',
        # provide Authentication class that deviates from the views default
        auth=None,
        # change the auto-generated operation name
        operation_id=None,
        # or even completely override what AutoSchema would generate. Provide raw Open API spec as Dict.
        operation=None,
    )
    def list(self, request):
        # your non-standard behaviour
        return super().list(request)

    @extend_schema(
        request=AlbumLikeSerializer
        responses={204: None},
    )
    @action(detail=True, methods=['post'])
    def set_password(self, request, pk=None):
        # your action behaviour

More customization

Still not satisifed? You want more! We still got you covered. Visit customization for more information.

Testing

Install testing requirements.

$ pip install -r requirements.txt

Run with runtests.

$ ./runtests.py

You can also use the excellent tox testing tool to run the tests against all supported versions of Python and Django. Install tox globally, and then simply run:

$ tox

v-erena/drf-spectacular