dwebsocket
The dwebsocket module provides an implementation of the WebSocket Protocol for django.
This module implements the final version of the WebSocket protocol as defined in RFC 6455. Certain browser versions (notably Safari 5.x) implemented an earlier draft of the protocol (known as "draft 76") and are not compatible with this module.
The dwebsocket module based django-websocket development, django-websocket module in https://github.com/gregmuellegger/django-websocket. Thank you Gregor Müllegger.
Usage
You can use the accept_websocket
decorator if you want to handle websocket
connections just for a single view - it will route standard HTTP requests to
the view as well. Use require_websocket
to only allow WebSocket
connections but reject normal HTTP requests.
You can use a middleware if you want to have WebSockets available for all
URLs in your application. Add
dwebsocket.middleware.WebSocketMiddleware
to your
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES
setting. This will still reject websockets for normal
views. You have to set the accept_websocket
attribute on a view to allow
websockets.
To allow websockets for every single view, set the WEBSOCKET_ACCEPT_ALL
setting to True
.
The request objects passed to a view, decorated with accept_websocket
or
require_websocket
will have the following attributes/methods attached.
These attributes are always available if you use the middleware.
request.is_websocket()
Returns either True
if the request has a valid websocket or False
if
its a normal HTTP request. Use this method in views that can accept both types
of requests to distinguish between them.
request.websocket
After a websocket is established, the request will have a websocket
attribute which provides a simple API to communicate with the client. This
attribute will be None
if request.is_websocket()
returns False
.
It has the following public methods:
WebSocket.wait()
This will return exactly one message sent by the client. It will not return
before a message is received or the conection is closed by the client. In this
case the method will return None
.
WebSocket.read()
The read
method will return either a new message if available or None
if no new message was received from the client. It is a non-blocking
alternative to the wait()
method.
WebSocket.count_messages()
Returns the number of queued messages.
WebSocket.has_messages()
Returns True
if new messages are available, else False
.
WebSocket.send(message)
This will send a single message to the client.
WebSocket.__iter__()
You can use the websocket as iterator. It will yield every new message sent by the client and stop iteration after the client has closed the connection.
Error handling
The library will return a Http 400 error (Bad Request) if the client requests a WebSocket connection, but the request is malformed or not supported by dwebsocket.
Examples
Receive one message from the client, send that message back to the client and close the connection (by returning from the view):
from dwebsocket import require_websocket @require_websocket def echo_once(request): message = request.websocket.wait() request.websocket.send(message)
Send websocket messages from the client as lowercase and provide same functionallity for normal GET requests:
from django.http import HttpResponse from dwebsocket import accept_websocket def modify_message(message): return message.lower() @accept_websocket def lower_case(request): if not request.is_websocket(): message = request.GET['message'] message = modify_message(message) return HttpResponse(message) else: for message in request.websocket: message = modify_message(message) request.websocket.send(message)
Change websocket backends
Currently supports two kinds of backends, they are default and uwsgi.
Django develop server, eventlent, gevent, gunicore are supported by default.
If you want to use the uwsgi backend, add WEBSOCKET_FACTORY_CLASS in the settings.py file:
WEBSOCKET_FACTORY_CLASS = 'dwebsocket.backends.uwsgi.factory.uWsgiWebSocketFactory'
Run uwsgi:
uwsgi --http :8080 --http-websockets --processes 1 \ --wsgi-file wsgi.py--async 30 --ugreen --socket-timeout 60
Using in production
Currently there is a cluster of two machines being used dwebsocket, it uses gevent wsgi deployed, each machine around 150,000 concurrent connections.
Contribute
Every contribution in any form is welcome. Ask questions, report bugs, request new features, make rants or tell me any other critique you may have.
One of the biggest contributions you can make is giving me a quick Thank you if you like this library or if it has saved you a bunch of time.
But if you want to get your hands dirty:
- Get the code from github: https://github.com/duanhongyi/dwebsocket
- Start coding :)
- Send me a pull request or an email with a patch.