Azure Data Explorer Datasource For Grafana

Azure Data Explorer is a log analytics cloud platform optimized for ad-hoc big data queries.

Installation

This plugin requires Grafana 5.3.0 or newer.

Grafana Cloud

If you do not have a Grafana Cloud account, you can sign up for one here.

Click on the Install Now button on the Azure Data Explorer page on Grafana.com. This will automatically add the plugin to your Grafana instance. It might take up to 30 seconds to install.
Login to your Hosted Grafana instance (go to your instances page in your profile): https://grafana.com/orgs/<yourUserName>/instances/ and the Azure Data Explorer datasource will be installed.

Installation Instructions on the Grafana Docs Site

Docker

Fetch the latest version of grafana from Docker Hub: docker pull grafana/grafana:latest

Run Grafana and install the Azure Data Explorer plugin with this command:

docker run -d --name=grafana -p 3000:3000 -e "GF_INSTALL_PLUGINS=grafana-azure-data-explorer-datasource" grafana/grafana:latest

Open the browser at: http://localhost:3000 or http://your-domain-name:3000
Login in with username: admin and password: admin
To make sure the plugin was installed, check the list of installed datasources. Click the Plugins item in the main menu. Both core datasources and installed datasources will appear.

This ia an alternative command if you want to run Grafana on a different port than the default 3000 port:

docker run -d --name=grafana -p 8081:8081 -e "GF_SERVER_HTTP_PORT=8081" -e "GF_INSTALL_PLUGINS=grafana-azure-data-explorer-datasource" grafana/grafana:master

It is recommended that you use a volume to save the Grafana data in. Otherwise if you remove the docker container, you will lose all your Grafana data (dashboards, users etc.). You can create a volume with the Docker Volume Driver for Azure File Storage.

Installing the Plugin on an Existing Grafana with the CLI

Grafana comes with a command line tool that can be used to install plugins.

Upgrade Grafana to the latest version. Get that here.
Run this command: grafana-cli plugins install grafana-azure-data-explorer-datasource
Restart the Grafana server.
Open the browser at: http://localhost:3000 or http://your-domain-name:3000
Login in with a user that has admin rights. This is needed to create datasources.
To make sure the plugin was installed, check the list of installed datasources. Click the Plugins item in the main menu. Both core datasources and installed datasources will appear.

Installing the Plugin Manually on an Existing Grafana

If the server where Grafana is installed has no access to the Grafana.com server, then the plugin can be downloaded and manually copied to the server.

Upgrade Grafana to the latest version. Get that here.
Get the zip file from Grafana.com: https://grafana.com/plugins/grafana-azure-data-explorer-datasource/installation and click on the link in step 1 (with this text: "Alternatively, you can manually download the .zip file")
Extract the zip file into the data/plugins subdirectory for Grafana.
Restart the Grafana server
To make sure the plugin was installed, check the list of installed datasources. Click the Plugins item in the main menu. Both core datasources and installed datasources will appear.

Configuring the datasource in Grafana

The steps for configuring the integration between the Azure Data Explorer service and Grafana are:

Create an Azure Active Directory (AAD) Application and AAD Service Principle.
Log into the Azure Data Explorer WebExplorer and connect the AAD Application to an Azure Data Explorer database user.
Use the AAD Application to configure the datasource connection in Grafana.

Creating an Azure Active Directory Service Principle

Follow the instructions in the guide to setting up an Azure Active Directory Application.

An alternative way to create an AAD application is with the Azure CLI:

az ad sp create-for-rbac -n "http://url.to.your.grafana:3000"

This should return the following:

{
  "appId": "XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
  "displayName": "azure-cli-2018-09-20-13-42-58",
  "name": "http://url.to.your.grafana:3000",
  "password": "XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX",
  "tenant": "XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX"
}

Assign the Reader role to the Service Principal and remove the Contributor role:

az role assignment create --assignee <your appId> --role Reader
az role assignment delete --assignee <your appId> --role Contributor

Connecting AAD with an Azure Data Explorer User

Navigate to the Azure Web UI for Azure Data Explorer: https://dataexplorer.azure.com/clusters/nameofyourcluster/databases/yourdatabasename

You can find the link to the Web UI in the Azure Portal by navigating to:

All services-> Azure Data Explorer Clusters option
Choose your cluster
Databases -> click on your database
Choose the Query option -> then click on the "Open in web UI" link

To create a cluster and database, follow the instructions here.

The AAD application that you created above needs to be given viewer access to your Azure Data Explorer database (in this example the database is called Grafana). This is done using the dot command add. The argument for .add contains both the client and tenant id separated by a semicolon:

.add database Grafana viewers ('aadapp=<your client id>;<your tenantid>')

A real example with a client/app id and tenant id:

.add database Grafana viewers ('aadapp=377a87d4-2cd3-44c0-b35a-8887a12fxxx;e7f3f661-a933-4b3f-8176-51c4f982exxx')

If the command succeeds you should get a result like this:

Configuring Grafana

Accessed from the Grafana main menu, newly installed datasources can be added immediately within the Data Sources section. Next, click the "Add datasource" button in the upper right.
Select Azure Data Explorer Datasource from the datasource list:
In the name field, a default name is filled in automatically but it can be changed to anything.
You need 3 pieces of information from the Azure portal (see link above for detailed instructions):
- Tenant Id (Azure Active Directory -> Properties -> Directory ID)
- Client Id (Azure Active Directory -> App Registrations -> Choose your app -> Application ID)
- Client Secret ( Azure Active Directory -> App Registrations -> Choose your app -> Keys)
Paste these three items into the fields in the Azure Data Explorer API Details section:
Click the Save & Test button. After a few seconds once Grafana has successfully connected then choose the default database and save again.

Writing Queries

Queries are written in the new Kusto Query Language.

Queries can be formatted as Time Series data or as Table data.

Time Series queries are for the Graph Panel (and other panels like the Single Stat panel) and must contain a datetime column, a metric name column and a value column. Here is an example query that returns the aggregated count grouped by the Category column and grouped by hour:

AzureActivity
| where $__timeFilter(TimeGenerated)
| summarize count() by Category, bin(TimeGenerated, 1h)
| order by TimeGenerated asc

Table queries are mainly used in the Table panel and row a list of columns and rows. This example query returns rows with the 6 specified columns:

AzureActivity
| where $__timeFilter()
| project TimeGenerated, ResourceGroup, Category, OperationName, ActivityStatus, Caller
| order by TimeGenerated desc

Macros

To make writing queries easier there are two Grafana macros that can be used in the where clause of a query:

$__timeFilter() - Expands to TimeGenerated ≥ datetime(2018-06-05T18:09:58.907Z) and TimeGenerated ≤ datetime(2018-06-05T20:09:58.907Z) where the from and to datetimes are taken from the Grafana time picker.
$__timeFilter(datetimeColumn) - Expands to datetimeColumn ≥ datetime(2018-06-05T18:09:58.907Z) and datetimeColumn ≤ datetime(2018-06-05T20:09:58.907Z) where the from and to datetimes are taken from the Grafana time picker.
$__escapeMulti($myVar) - is to be used with multi-value template variables that contains illegal characters. If $myVar has the value '\\grafana-vm\Network(eth0)\Total','\\hello!', it expands to: @'\\grafana-vm\Network(eth0)\Total', @'\\hello!'. If using single value variables there no need for this macro, simply escape the variable inline instead - @'\$myVar'
$__contains(colName, $myVar) - is to be used with multi-value template variables. If $myVar has the value 'value1','value2', it expands to: colName in ('value1','value2').

If using the All option, then check the Include All Option checkbox and in the Custom all value field type in the following value: all. If $myVar has value all then the macro will instead expand to 1 == 1. For template variables with a lot of options, this will increase the query performance by not building a large where..in clause.

Built-in Variables

There are also some Grafana variables that can be used in queries:

$__from - Returns the From datetime from the Grafana picker. Example: datetime(2018-06-05T18:09:58.907Z).
$__to - Returns the From datetime from the Grafana picker. Example: datetime(2018-06-05T20:09:58.907Z).
$__interval - Grafana calculates the minimum time grain that can be used to group by time in queries. More details on how it works here. It returns a time grain like 5m or 1h that can be used in the bin function. E.g. summarize count() by bin(TimeGenerated, $__interval)

Templating with Variables

Instead of hard-coding things like server, application and sensor name in you metric queries you can use variables in their place. Variables are shown as dropdown select boxes at the top of the dashboard. These dropdowns make it easy to change the data being displayed in your dashboard.

Create the variable in the dashboard settings. Usually you will need to write a query in the Kusto Query Language to get a list of values for the dropdown. It is however also possible to have a list of hard-coded values.

Fill in a name for your variable. The Name field is the name of the variable. There is also a Label field for the friendly name.
In the Query Options section, choose the Azure Data Explorer datasource in the Data source dropdown.
Write the query in the Query field. Use project to specify one column - the result should be a list of string values.
At the bottom, you will see a preview of the values returned from the query:
Use the variable in your query (in this case the variable is named level):
```
MyLogs | where Level == '$level'
```
For variables where multiple values are allowed then use the in operator instead:
```
MyLogs | where Level in ($level)
```

Read more about templating and variables in the Grafana documentation.

Annotations

An annotation is an event that is overlaid on top of graphs. The query can have up to three columns per row, the datetime column is mandatory. Annotation rendering is expensive so it is important to limit the number of rows returned.

column with the datetime type.
column with alias: Text or text for the annotation text
column with alias: Tags or tags for annotation tags. This is should return a comma separated string of tags e.g. 'tag1,tag2'

Example query:

MyLogs
| where $__timeFilter(Timestamp)
| project Timestamp, Text=Message , Tags="tag1,tag2"

CHANGELOG

v1.3.0

Adds an order by clause to the query if there is none specified. It uses the datetime field from the where clause or summarize...bin().
Removes the Subscription Id field from the config page as is no longer needed.

v1.2.0

Adds a config option for caching. The default in-memory cache period is 30 seconds, the new Minimal Cache Period option allows you to change that.

v1.1.0

Adds $__escapeMulti macro

v1.0.0

First version of the Azure Data Explorer Datasource.

wenbian/azure-data-explorer-datasource