Basic project to practice

Structure

polls - the project
polls/polls - the project config
polls/poll - the app that have models and views

Commands learned

Project schafolding

pipenv shell

Create an a virtual environment (venv) in the root directory.

pipenv install django

Install django framework in the venv

django-admin startproject project_name

Creates a new project in the root directory.

Apps schafolding

python manage.py startapp app_name

Create an app in the project. To use that app need to refer the app config in project settings file, in that case the file will be: polls/polls/settings.py.

Needs to append the app config like this:

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'poll.apps.PollConfig',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

Migrations

Migrate the current migrations

python manage.py migrate

Create a migration for specific model

python manage.py makesmigration model_name

Testing

For testing our database side of application is needed to create a context to retrieve data. These context are called fixtures. Read more here: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/initial-data/

One way to create our fixtures is creating a dump or database with the command:

python manage.py dumpdata --exclude=auth --exclude=contenttypes

To load the fixtures to used by Django we need to run the next command:

python manage.py loaddata file.json