An async web scraping micro-framework, written with asyncio
and aiohttp
, aims to make crawling url as convenient as possible.
Write less, run faster:
- Documentation: 中文文档 |documentation
- Plugins: https://github.com/ruia-plugins
# For Linux & Mac
pip install -U ruia[uvloop]
# For Windows
pip install -U ruia
# New features
pip install git+https://github.com/howie6879/ruia
We provide an easy way to request
a url and return a friendly response
:
import asyncio
from ruia import Request
request = Request("https://news.ycombinator.com/")
response = asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(request.fetch())
# Output
# [2018-07-25 11:23:42,620]-Request-INFO <GET: https://news.ycombinator.com/>
# <Response url[text]: https://news.ycombinator.com/ status:200 metadata:{}>
JavaScript Support:
You can load js by using ruia-pyppeteer.
For example:
import asyncio
from ruia_pyppeteer import PyppeteerRequest as Request
request = Request("https://www.jianshu.com/", load_js=True)
response = asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(request.fetch())
print(response.html)
Let's take a look at a quick example of using Item
to extract target data. Start off by adding the following to your demo.py:
import asyncio
from ruia import AttrField, TextField, Item
class HackerNewsItem(Item):
target_item = TextField(css_select='tr.athing')
title = TextField(css_select='a.storylink')
url = AttrField(css_select='a.storylink', attr='href')
items = asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(HackerNewsItem.get_items(url="https://news.ycombinator.com/"))
for item in items:
print(item.title, item.url)
Run: python demo.py
Notorious ‘Hijack Factory’ Shunned from Web https://krebsonsecurity.com/2018/07/notorious-hijack-factory-shunned-from-web/
......
For multiple pages, you can solve this with Spider
Create hacker_news_spider.py
:
import aiofiles
from ruia import AttrField, TextField, Item, Spider
class HackerNewsItem(Item):
target_item = TextField(css_select='tr.athing')
title = TextField(css_select='a.storylink')
url = AttrField(css_select='a.storylink', attr='href')
async def clean_title(self, value):
return value
class HackerNewsSpider(Spider):
start_urls = ['https://news.ycombinator.com/news?p=1', 'https://news.ycombinator.com/news?p=2']
async def parse(self, res):
items = await HackerNewsItem.get_items(html=res.html)
for item in items:
async with aiofiles.open('./hacker_news.txt', 'a') as f:
await f.write(item.title + '\n')
if __name__ == '__main__':
HackerNewsSpider.start()
Run hacker_news_spider.py
:
[2018-09-21 17:27:14,497]-ruia-INFO spider::l54: Spider started!
[2018-09-21 17:27:14,502]-Request-INFO request::l77: <GET: https://news.ycombinator.com/news?p=2>
[2018-09-21 17:27:14,527]-Request-INFO request::l77: <GET: https://news.ycombinator.com/news?p=1>
[2018-09-21 17:27:16,388]-ruia-INFO spider::l122: Stopping spider: ruia
[2018-09-21 17:27:16,389]-ruia-INFO spider::l68: Total requests: 2
[2018-09-21 17:27:16,389]-ruia-INFO spider::l71: Time usage: 0:00:01.891688
[2018-09-21 17:27:16,389]-ruia-INFO spider::l72: Spider finished!
ruia
provides an easy way to customize requests, as long as it does not return it.
The following middleware code is based on the above example:
from ruia import Middleware
middleware = Middleware()
@middleware.request
async def print_on_request(request):
request.metadata = {
'index': request.url.split('=')[-1]
}
print(f"request: {request.metadata}")
@middleware.response
async def print_on_response(request, response):
print(f"response: {response.metadata}")
# Add HackerNewsSpider
if __name__ == '__main__':
HackerNewsSpider.start(middleware=middleware)
- Custom middleware
- JavaScript support
- Friendly response
- Distributed crawling/scraping
- Pull Request
- Open Issue