Table of contents:

Installation
Basic usage and methods
Command tests
Database and fixtures
Create an already logged client
HTML5 Validator
Query Counter
Caveats
paratest
fastest

Introduction

This Bundle provides base classes for functional tests to assist in setting up test-databases, loading fixtures and HTML5 validation. It also provides a DI aware mock builder for unit tests.

Installation

Download the Bundle

Open a command console, enter your project directory and execute the following command to download the latest stable version of this bundle:
```
$ composer require --dev liip/functional-test-bundle
```
This command requires you to have Composer installed globally, as explained in the installation chapter of the Composer documentation.

Enable the Bundle

Add the following line in the app/AppKernel.php file to enable this bundle only for the test environment:

<?php
// app/AppKernel.php

// ...
class AppKernel extends Kernel
{
    public function registerBundles()
    {
        // ...
        if (in_array($this->getEnvironment(), array('dev', 'test'), true)) {
            // ...
            if ('test' === $this->getEnvironment()) {
                $bundles[] = new Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\LiipFunctionalTestBundle();
            }
        }

        return $bundles;
    }

    // ...
}

Enable the functionalTest service adding the following empty configuration:

# app/config/config_test.yml
liip_functional_test: ~

Ensure that the framework is using the filesystem for session storage:

# app/config/config_test.yml
framework:
    test: ~
    session:
        storage_id: session.storage.mock_file

Basic usage

Use $this->makeClient to create a Client object. Client is a Symfony class that can simulate HTTP requests to your controllers and then inspect the results. It is covered by the functional tests section of the Symfony documentation.

After making a request, use assertStatusCode to verify the HTTP status code. If it fails it will display the last exception message or validation errors encountered by the Client object.

If you are expecting validation errors, test them with assertValidationErrors.

Note: Both assertStatusCode and assertValidationErrors only works on Symfony 2.5+

use Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Test\WebTestCase;

class MyControllerTest extends WebTestCase
{
    public function testContact()
    {
        $client = $this->makeClient();
        $crawler = $client->request('GET', '/contact');
        $this->assertStatusCode(200, $client);

        $form = $crawler->selectButton('Submit')->form();
        $crawler = $client->submit($form);

        // We should get a validation error for the empty fields.
        $this->assertStatusCode(200, $client);
        $this->assertValidationErrors(['data.email', 'data.message'], $client->getContainer());

        // Try again with with the fields filled out.
        $form = $crawler->selectButton('Submit')->form();
        $form->setValues(['contact[email]' => 'nobody@example.com', 'contact[message]' => 'Hello']);
        $client->submit($form);
        $this->assertStatusCode(302, $client);
    }
}

Methods

Check HTTP status codes

isSuccessful()

Check that the request succedded:

$client = $this->makeClient();
$client->request('GET', '/contact');

// Successful HTTP request
$this->isSuccessful($client->getResponse());

Add false as the second argument in order to check that the request failed:

$client = $this->makeClient();
$client->request('GET', '/error');

// Request returned an error
$this->isSuccessful($client->getResponse(), false);

In order to test more specific status codes, use assertStatusCode():

assertStatusCode()

Check the HTTP status code from the request:

$client = $this->makeClient();
$client->request('GET', '/contact');

// Standard response for successful HTTP request
$this->assertStatusCode(302, $client);

Get Crawler or content

fetchCrawler()

Get a Crawler instance from an URL:

$crawler = $this->fetchCrawler('/contact');

// There is one <body> tag
$this->assertSame(
    1,
    $crawler->filter('html > body')->count()
);

fetchContent()

Get the content of an URL:

$content = $this->fetchContent('/contact');

// `filter()` can't be used since the output is HTML code, check the content directly
$this->assertContains(
    '<h1>LiipFunctionalTestBundle</h1>',
    $content
);

Routing

getURL()

Generate an URL from a route:

$path = $this->getUrl(
    'route_name',
    array(
        'argument_1' => 'liip',
        'argument_2' => 'test',
    )
);

$client = $this->makeClient();
$client->request('GET', $path);

$this->isSuccessful($client->getResponse());

Command Tests

If you need to test commands, you might need to tweak the output to your needs. You can adjust the command verbosity:

# app/config/config_test.yml
liip_functional_test:
    command_verbosity: debug

Supported values are quiet, normal, verbose, very_verbose and debug. The default value is normal.

You can also configure this on a per-test basis:

use Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Test\WebTestCase;

class MyTestCase extends WebTestCase {

    public function myTest() {
        $this->verbosityLevel = 'debug';
        $this->runCommand('myCommand');
    }
}

Depending where your tests are running, you might want to disable the output decorator:

# app/config/config_test.yml
liip_functional_test:
    command_decoration: false

The default value is true.

You can also configure this on a per-test basis:

use Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Test\WebTestCase;

class MyTestCase extends WebTestCase {

    public function myTest() {
        $this->decorated = false;
        $this->runCommand('myCommand');
    }
}

Database Tests

If you plan on loading fixtures with your tests, make sure you have the DoctrineFixturesBundle installed and configured first: Doctrine Fixtures setup and configuration instructions

In case tests require database access make sure that the database is created and proxies are generated. For tests that rely on specific database contents, write fixture classes and call loadFixtures() method from the bundled Test\WebTestCase class. This will replace the database configured in config_test.yml with the specified fixtures. Please note that loadFixtures() will delete the contents from the database before loading the fixtures. That's why you should use a designated database for tests.

Tips for Fixture Loading Tests

SQLite

If you want your tests to run against a completely isolated database (which is recommended for most functional-tests), you can configure your test-environment to use a SQLite-database. This will make your tests run faster and will create a fresh, predictable database for every test you run.
```
# app/config/config_test.yml
doctrine:
    dbal:
        default_connection: default
        connections:
            default:
                driver:   pdo_sqlite
                path:     %kernel.cache_dir%/test.db
```
NB: If you have an existing Doctrine configuration which uses slaves be sure to separate out the configuration for the slaves. Further detail is provided at the bottom of this README.
In order to run your tests even faster, use LiipFunctionalBundle cached database. This will create backups of the initial databases (with all fixtures loaded) and re-load them when required.

Attention: you need Doctrine >= 2.2 to use this feature.
```
# app/config/config_test.yml
liip_functional_test:
    cache_sqlite_db: true
```

Load your Doctrine fixtures in your tests:

use Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Test\WebTestCase;

class MyControllerTest extends WebTestCase
{
    public function testIndex()
    {
        // add all your fixtures classes that implement
        // Doctrine\Common\DataFixtures\FixtureInterface
        $this->loadFixtures(array(
            'Bamarni\MainBundle\DataFixtures\ORM\LoadData',
            'Me\MyBundle\DataFixtures\ORM\LoadData'
        ));

        // you can now run your functional tests with a populated database
        $client = $this->createClient();
        // ...
    }
}

If you don't need any fixtures to be loaded and just want to start off with an empty database (initialized with your schema), you can simply pass an empty array to loadFixtures.

use Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Test\WebTestCase;

class MyControllerTest extends WebTestCase
{
    public function testIndex()
    {
        $this->loadFixtures(array());

        // you can now run your functional tests with a populated database
        $client = $this->createClient();
        // ...
    }
}

Given that you want to exclude some of your doctrine tables from being purged when loading the fixtures, you can do so by passing an array of tablenames to the setExcludedDoctrineTables method before loading the fixtures.

use Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Test\WebTestCase;

class MyControllerTest extends WebTestCase
{
    public function testIndex()
    {
        $this->setExcludedDoctrineTables(array('my_tablename_not_to_be_purged'));
        $this->loadFixtures(array(
            'Me\MyBundle\DataFixtures\ORM\LoadData'
        ));
        // ...
    }
}

This bundle uses Doctrine ORM by default. If you are using another driver just specify the service id of the registry manager:

use Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Test\WebTestCase;

class MyControllerTest extends WebTestCase
{
    public function testIndex()
    {
        $fixtures = array(
            'Me\MyBundle\DataFixtures\MongoDB\LoadData'
        );

        $this->loadFixtures($fixtures, null, 'doctrine_mongodb');

        $client = $this->createClient();
    }
}

Loading Fixtures Using Alice

If you would like to setup your fixtures with yml files using Alice, Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Test\WebTestCase has a helper function loadFixtureFiles which takes an array of resources, or paths to yml files, and returns an array of objects. This method uses the Alice Loader rather than the FunctionalTestBundle's load methods. You should be aware that there are some difference between the ways these two libraries handle loading.

$fixtures = $this->loadFixtureFiles(array(
    '@AcmeBundle/DataFixtures/ORM/ObjectData.yml',
    '@AcmeBundle/DataFixtures/ORM/AnotherObjectData.yml',
    '../../DataFixtures/ORM/YetAnotherObjectData.yml',
));

HautelookAliceBundle Faker Providers

This bundle supports faker providers from HautelookAliceBundle. Install the bundle with composer require --dev hautelook/alice-bundle:~1.2 and use the HautelookAliceBundle documentation in order to define your faker providers.

You'll have to add the following line in the app/AppKernel.php file:

<?php
// app/AppKernel.php

// ...
class AppKernel extends Kernel
{
    public function registerBundles()
    {
        // ...
        if (in_array($this->getEnvironment(), array('dev', 'test'))) {
            $bundles[] = new Hautelook\AliceBundle\HautelookAliceBundle();
        }

        return $bundles;
    }

    // ...
}

Then you can load fixtures with $this->loadFixtureFiles(array('@AcmeBundle/…/fixture.yml'));.

Non-SQLite

The Bundle will not automatically create your schema for you unless you use SQLite. If you prefer to use another database but want your schema/fixtures loaded automatically, you'll need to do that yourself. For example, you could write a setUp() function in your test, like so:

use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\SchemaTool;
use Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Test\WebTestCase;

class AccountControllerTest extends WebTestCase
{
    public function setUp()
    {
        $em = $this->getContainer()->get('doctrine')->getManager();
        if (!isset($metadatas)) {
            $metadatas = $em->getMetadataFactory()->getAllMetadata();
        }
        $schemaTool = new SchemaTool($em);
        $schemaTool->dropDatabase();
        if (!empty($metadatas)) {
            $schemaTool->createSchema($metadatas);
        }
        $this->postFixtureSetup();

        $fixtures = array(
            'Acme\MyBundle\DataFixtures\ORM\LoadUserData',
        );
        $this->loadFixtures($fixtures);
    }
//...
}

Without something like this in place, you'll have to load the schema into your test database manually, for your tests to pass.

Referencing fixtures in tests

In some cases you need to know for example the row ID of an object in order to write a functional test for it, e.g. $crawler = $client->request('GET', "/profiles/$accountId"); but since the $accountId keeps changing each test run, you need to figure out its current value. Instead of going via the entity manager repository and querying for the entity, you can use setReference()/getReference() from the fixture executor directly, as such:

In your fixtures class:

...
class LoadMemberAccounts extends AbstractFixture 
{
    public function load() 
    {
        $account1 = new MemberAccount();
        $account1->setName('Alpha');
        $this->setReference('account-alpha', $account1);
        ...

and then in the test case setup:

...
    public function setUp()
    {
        $this->fixtures = $this->loadFixtures([
            'AppBundle\Tests\Fixtures\LoadMemberAccounts'
        ])->getReferenceRepository();
    ...

and finally, in the test:

        $accountId = $this->fixtures->getReference('account-alpha')->getId();
        $crawler = $client->request('GET', "/profiles/$accountId");

Create an already logged client

The WebTestCase provides a conveniency method to create an already logged in client using the first parameter of WebTestCase::makeClient().

You have three alternatives to create an already logged in client:

Use the liip_functional_test.authentication key in the config_test.yml file;
Pass an array with login parameters directly when you call the method;
Use the method WebTestCase::loginAs();

Logging in a user from the `config_test.yml` file

You can set the credentials for your test user in your config_test.yml file:

liip_functional_test:
    authentication:
        username: "a valid username"
        password: "the password of that user"

This way using $client = $this->makeClient(true); your client will be automatically logged in.

Logging in a user passing the credentials directly in the test method

You can log in a user directly from your test method by simply passing an array as the first parameter of WebTestCase::makeClient():

$credentials = array(
    'username' => 'a valid username',
    'password' => 'a valid password'
);

$client = $this->makeClient($credentials);

Logging in a user using `WebTestCase::loginAs()`

To use the method WebTestCase::loginAs() you have to return the repository containing all references set in the fixtures using the method getReferenceRepository() and pass the reference of the User object to the method WebTestCase::loginAs().

$fixtures = $this->loadFixtures(array(
    'AppBundle\DataFixtures\ORM\LoadUserData'
))->getReferenceRepository();

$this->loginAs($fixtures->getReference('account-alpha'), 'main');
$client = $this->makeClient();

Remember that WebTestCase::loginAs() accepts objects that implement the interface Symfony\Component\Security\Core\User\UserInterface.

If you get the error message "Missing session.storage.options#name", you have to simply add to your config_test.yml file the key name:

framework:
    ...
    session:
        # handler_id set to null will use default session handler from php.ini
        handler_id:  ~
        storage_id: session.storage.filesystem
        name: MOCKSESSID

Recommendations to use already logged in clients

As recommended by the Symfony Cookbook in the chapter about Testing, it is a good idea to to use HTTP Basic Auth for you tests. You can configure the authentication method in your config_test.yml:

# The best practice in symfony is to put a HTTP basic auth
# for the firewall in test env, so that not to have to
# make a request to the login form every single time.
# http://symfony.com/doc/current/cookbook/testing/http_authentication.html
security:
    firewalls:
        NAME_OF_YOUR_FIREWALL:
            http_basic: ~

Final notes

For more details, you can check the implementation of WebTestCase in that bundle.

HTML5 Validator

The online validator: http://validator.nu/ The documentation: http://about.validator.nu/ Documentation about the web service: https://github.com/validator/validator/wiki/Service:-HTTP-interface

Dependencies

To run the validator you require the following dependencies:

A java JDK 5 or later
Python
SVN
Mercurial

Note: The script wants to see a Sun-compatible jar executable. Debian fastjar will not work.

Compilation and Execution

Before starting:

Set the JAVA_HOME environment variable to the root of the installed JDK
Add the location of javac to your PATH ($JAVA_HOME/bin).
Alternatively you can use the --javac=/usr/bin/javac parameter of the build.py script.

Then:

$ mkdir checker; cd checker
$ git clone https://github.com/validator/validator.git
$ cd validator
$ python ./build/build.py all; python ./build/build.py all

Note: Yes, the last line is there twice intentionally. Running the script twice tends to fix a ClassCastException on the first run.

Note: If at some point for some reason the compilation fails and you are forced to re-run it, it may be necessary to manually remove the htmlparser directory from your disk (the compilation process will complain about that).

This will download the necessary components, compile the validator and run it. This will require about 10 minutes on the first run.

Once the validator is executed it can be reached at http://localhost:8888/ Further instructions on how to build the validator can be found at http://validator.github.io/validator/#build-instructions.

Execution

Once the validator has been compiled, it can be run with the following command:

cd checker
python build/build.py run

Using the Validator in Functional Tests

The Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Test\Html5WebTestCase class allows to write functional tests that validate content against the HTML5 validator. In order to work the validator service must be running on the machine where the tests are executed.

This class provides the following testing methods:

validateHtml5: This runs a validation on the provided content and returns the full messages of the validation service (including warnings and information). This method is not meant as a test method but rather as a helper to access the validator service. Internally the test method below will use this helper to access the validation service.
assertIsValidHtml5: This will validate the provided content. If the validation succeeds, execution silently continues, otherwise the calling test will fail and display a list of validation errors.
assertIsValidHtml5Snippet: This will validate an HTML5 snippets (i.e. not a full HTML5 document) by wrapping it into an HTML5 document. If the validation succeeds, execution silently continues, otherwise the calling test will fail and display a list of validation errors.
assertIsValidHtml5AjaxResponse: This will validate an AJAX response in a specific format (probably not generic enough). If the validation succeeds, execution silently continues, otherwise the calling test will fail and display a list of validation errors.
setHtml5Wrapper: Allow to change the default HTML5 code that is used as a wrapper around snippets to validate

Query Counter

To catch pages that use way too many database queries, you can enable the query counter for tests. This will check the profiler for each request made in the test using the client, and fail the test if the number of queries executed is larger than the number of queries allowed in the configuration. To enable the query counter, adjust the config_test.yml file like this:

framework:
    # ...
    profiler:
        enabled: true
        collect: true

liip_functional_test:
    query:
        max_query_count: 50

That will limit each request executed within a functional test to 50 queries.

Maximum Query Count per Test

The default value set in the config file should be reasonable to catch pages with high query counts which are obviously mistakes. There will be cases where you know and accept that the request will cause a large number of queries, or where you want to specifically require the page to execute less than x queries, regardless of the amount set in the configuration. For those cases you can set an annotation on the test method that will override the default maximum for any requests made in that test.

To do that, include the Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Annotations\QueryCount namespace and add the @QueryCount(100) annotation, where 100 is the maximum amount of queries allowed for each request, like this:

use Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Annotations\QueryCount;

class DemoTest extends WebTestCase
{
    /**
     * @QueryCount(100)
     */
    public function testDoDemoStuff()
    {
        $client = $this->createClient();
        $crawler = $client->request('GET', '/demoPage');

        $this->assertTrue($crawler->filter('html:contains("Demo")')->count() > 0);
    }
}

Only in Test Environment

All the functionality of this bundle is primarily for use in the test environment. The query counter specifically requires services that are only loaded in the test environment, so the service will only be loaded there. If you want to use the query counter in a different environment, you'll need to make sure the bundle is loaded in that environment in your AppKernel.php file, and load the test services by adding test to the framework configuration in the config.yml (or the configuration file for your environment):

framework:
    [...]
    test: ~

If that's not what you want to do, and you're getting an exception about this, check that you're really only loading this bundle in your test environment (See step 3 of the installation)

Doctrine Slaves and SQLite

If your main configuration for Doctrine uses Slaves, you need to ensure that the configuration for your SQLite test environment does not include the slave configuration.

The following error can occur in the case where a Doctrine Slave configuration is included:

SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1 no such table NameOfTheTable

This may also manifest itself in the command doctrine:create:schema doing nothing.

To resolve the issue, it is recommended to configure your Doctrine slaves specifically for the environments that require them.

Caveats

QueryCount annotations currently only work for tests that have a method name of testFooBla() (with a test prefix). The @test annotation isn't supported at the moment.
Enabling the Query Counter currently breaks PHPUnit's built-in annotations, e.g. @dataProvider, @depends etc. To fix this, you need to hide the appropriate PHPUnit annotation from Doctrine's annotation reader using the @IgnoreAnnotation annotation:
```
use Liip\FunctionalTestBundle\Test\WebTestCase;

/**
 * @IgnoreAnnotation("dataProvider")
 * @IgnoreAnnotation("depends")
 */
class DemoTest extends WebTestCase
{
    // ...
}
```

z38/LiipFunctionalTestBundle