/VLC-Modulations-Codes

Software based Modulations such as MPPM, multi-level, PPM, and PWM for VLC communication.

Primary LanguageCMIT LicenseMIT

Software based Modulations such as MPPM, multi-level, PPM, and PWM for VLC communication.

AVR Microcontroller MPPM Program

Purpose:

The program controls an AVR microcontroller to generate specific patterns of MPPM on Port D and Port B, and manages serial communication for data transmission.

Components:

  1. Serial Communication Initialization (serial_init):

    • Initializes UART communication on two different UART modules (UART0 and UART1) at 19200 bps.

  2. Timer Initialization (Timer1_init):

    • Configures Timer1 to generate interrupts at regular intervals for timing purposes.

  3. ISR (TIMER1_OVF_vect):

    • Interrupt Service Routine for Timer1 overflow, increments a counter (cnt).

  4. Data Transmission Functions:

    • transmit0 and transmit1: Transmit data over UART0 and UART1 respectively.
    • Rxdata and Rxdata1: Receive data over UART0 and UART1 respectively.

  5. Bitwise Manipulation Functions:

    • CHECKBIT: Macro to check specific bits in a byte.

  6. Port Control Functions:

    • send_code_portD and send_code_portB: Send specific data patterns to Port D and Port B respectively using bitwise operations.
    • new_data_send: Sends a new data pattern to Port D.
    • end_break and end_breakB: Control functions for timing delays and port state changes.

  7. Main Function (main):

    • Initializes peripherals and interrupts.
    • Loops indefinitely, sending predefined data patterns to Port D, toggling an output pin on Port A, and managing timing through end_break.

Key Points:

  • Utilizes Timer interrupts for precise timing operations.
  • Implements UART for serial communication.
  • Controls multiple ports for outputting specific bit patterns.
  • Includes delay mechanisms using busy-wait loops (cnt variable).

Recommendations:

  • Consider optimizing delay mechanisms to reduce busy-wait time.
  • Ensure synchronization and error handling in serial communication.

AVR Microcontroller Multi-level Program Summary

Purpose:

The program controls an AVR microcontroller to perform the following tasks:

  • Initialize serial communication for UART0 and UART1.
  • Initialize Timer1 for precise timing operations.
  • Control output on Port C based on bit patterns.
  • Receive sensor data over UART0.

Components:

  1. Serial Communication Initialization (serial_init):

    • Sets baud rates for UART0 and UART1.
    • Configures UART settings for 8-bit data, no parity, 1 stop bit.

  2. Timer Initialization (Timer1_init):

    • Configures Timer1 in Phase Correct PWM mode with a prescaler of 8.
    • Sets Timer1 to overflow at a specific cycle (cycles).

  3. ISR (TIMER1_OVF_vect):

    • Interrupt Service Routine increments a volatile counter (cnt) on Timer1 overflow.

  4. Data Transmission Functions:

    • transmit0 and transmit1: Transmit data over UART0 and UART1 respectively.
    • Rxdata: Receive data over UART0.

  5. Port Control Function (multilevel):

    • Controls Port C output based on the bit pattern of input data.
    • Uses busy-wait loops (cnt) for timing delays.

  6. Sensor Data Retrieval (getSensorData):

    • Transmits a sequence of commands over UART0 to retrieve sensor data.
    • Stores received data in the array data.

  7. Main Function (main):

    • Initializes peripherals and interrupts.
    • Sets Port A, C, and D as output ports.
    • Loops indefinitely, controlling Port C output based on predefined bit patterns and toggling an output pin on Port A.

Key Points:

  • Utilizes UART for serial communication and Timer1 for timing applications.
  • Implements busy-wait delay loops (cnt) for timing control.
  • Configures multiple ports (A, C, D) for output operations.
  • Integrates sensor data retrieval via UART communication.

Recommendations:

  • Consider optimizing timing mechanisms to reduce reliance on busy-wait loops.
  • Implement error handling and synchronization mechanisms for UART communication.
  • Ensure consistent and efficient use of resources across all components.

PPM

Purpose:

The program controls an AVR microcontroller to perform the following tasks:

  • Initialize serial communication for UART0 and UART1.
  • Initialize Timer1 for precise timing operations.
  • Control output on Ports C, D, and F based on bit patterns.
  • Toggle an output pin on Port A.

Components:

  1. Serial Communication Initialization (serial_init):

    • Sets baud rates for UART0 and UART1.
    • Configures UART settings for 8-bit data, no parity, 1 stop bit.

  2. Timer Initialization (Timer1_init):

    • Configures Timer1 in Phase Correct PWM mode with a prescaler of 8.
    • Sets Timer1 to overflow at a specific cycle (cycles).

  3. ISR (TIMER1_OVF_vect):

    • Interrupt Service Routine increments a volatile counter (cnt) on Timer1 overflow.

  4. Data Transmission Functions:

    • transmit0 and transmit1: Transmit data over UART0 and UART1 respectively.
    • Rxdata and Rxdata1: Receive data over UART0 and UART1 respectively.

  5. Port Output Functions (send_ppm_new_C and send_ppm_new_F):

    • Controls output on Ports C and F based on the bit pattern of input data.
    • Delays using a busy-wait loop (cnt) for timing control.

  6. Main Function (main):

    • Initializes peripherals and interrupts.
    • Sets Ports A, C, D, and F as output ports.
    • Loops indefinitely, transmitting predefined bit patterns through Ports C and optionally F, toggling an output pin on Port A.

Key Points:

  • Uses UART for serial communication and Timer1 for precise timing.
  • Implements busy-wait delay loops (cnt) for timing control.
  • Configures multiple ports (A, C, D, F) for output operations.
  • Demonstrates the use of ISR for Timer1 overflow.

Recommendations:

  • Consider optimizing timing mechanisms to reduce reliance on busy-wait loops.
  • Ensure synchronization and error handling for UART communication.
  • Validate and adjust timing settings (cycles) for specific application requirements.

PWM Program Summary

Purpose:

The program controls an AVR microcontroller to perform the following tasks:

  • Initialize serial communication for UART0 and UART1.
  • Initialize Timer1 for precise timing operations.
  • Control output on Ports A, B, D, C, and F based on bit patterns.
  • Toggle an output pin on Port A.
  • Read sensor data over UART0.

Components:

  1. Serial Communication Initialization (serial_init):

    • Sets baud rates for UART0 and UART1.
    • Configures UART settings for 8-bit data, no parity, 1 stop bit.

  2. Timer Initialization (Timer1_init):

    • Configures Timer1 in Phase Correct PWM mode with a prescaler of 8.
    • Sets Timer1 to overflow at a specific cycle (cycles).

  3. ISR (TIMER1_OVF_vect):

    • Interrupt Service Routine increments a volatile counter (cnt) on Timer1 overflow.

  4. Data Transmission Functions:

    • transmit0 and transmit1: Transmit data over UART0 and UART1 respectively.
    • Rxdata: Receive data over UART0.

  5. PWM Control Functions (pwm_test and pwm_test_B):

    • Generates PWM signals on Ports A and B based on the bit pattern of input data.
    • Delays using a busy-wait loop (cnt) for timing control.

  6. End Space Function (end_space):

    • Generates an end space signal on Port A with a predefined sequence of pulses.

  7. Sensor Data Acquisition (getSensorData):

    • Sends commands over UART0 to request sensor data and receives 32 bytes of data into an array (data).

  8. Main Function (main):

    • Initializes peripherals and interrupts.
    • Sets Ports A, B, C, D, and F as output ports.
    • Loops indefinitely, generating PWM signals on Port A, reading sensor data, and toggling an output pin on Port A.

Key Points:

  • Uses UART for serial communication and Timer1 for precise timing.
  • Implements busy-wait delay loops (cnt) for timing control in PWM functions.
  • Handles multiple output ports for PWM signal generation and end space signal.
  • Demonstrates the use of ISR for Timer1 overflow and UART data reception.

Recommendations:

  • Optimize timing mechanisms to reduce reliance on busy-wait loops.
  • Ensure synchronization and error handling for UART communication, especially in getSensorData.
  • Validate and adjust timing settings (cycles) and PWM patterns (pwm_test and pwm_test_B) based on specific application requirements.