/English_Pickup

It's my record for English expression learning from tech books.

Useful Site

on-the-fly

即时、动态...

You can also edit the HTML or CSS on-the-fly in the Elements or Styles panel that opens.

This is typically the case

通常是这种情况

leverage the capabilities of ...

利用...

compatibility

兼容性

Each of the above variables has two variants for compatibility with other makes.

concatenate

to link or join together, esp in a chain or series.

The Concat function will concatenate two or more strings from the source into a single string value on the target side.

trim

修剪

with leading space trimmed

interchangeably

可互换

tricky

棘手的

The ifeq and ifneq conditionals can be tricky to handle.

Miscellaneous

混杂的；各种各样的

over and above

远远超过... 以上； 加之； 除...以外

Our product is over and above our rival's product, and yet we're able to sell it at the same price.

Note the basic example implementation is primarily a dumb terminal, and does not implement terminal control codes over and above backspace and delete.

intercepted

拦截

Some of the key sequences below (particularly those that use the Alt key) may be intercepted by the GUI for other functions. All of the key sequences should work properly when using a virtual console.

albeit

尽管，虽然

While it may not seem apparent, our grep searches have been using regular expressions all along, albeit very simple ones.

no object

不成问题

For a millionaire like him, money is no object.

no-brainer

无需花脑筋的事；简单的问题

If you describe a question or decision as a no-brainer, you mean that it is a very easy one to answer or make.

analogy

a comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification.

obsolete

no longer produced or used: out of date.

virtually

几乎；实际上；差不多；虚拟

Telnet client applications are available for virtually all computer platforms.

That remain as true now as it was then.

至今仍然如此

count on

指望；依靠；依赖

If you count on something or count upon it, you expect it to happen and include it in your plans.

If you count on someone or count upon them, you rely on them to support you or help you.

I can count on my parents to help me.

TUI

textual user interface

文本用户界面

boils down to sth

If a situation or problem boils down to something, that is the main reason for it:

  • The problem boils down to one thing - lack of money

说到底，归根结底

trivial

If you describe something as trivial, you think that it is unimportant and not serious.

Telnet is extremely simple, almost trivial. 微不足道的

as far as...is concerned

They are all just for me. Well, all for me as far as anyone else is concerned.

就其他人而言

workhorse

主力

Thi is a real workhorse with a lot of options, but usage is actually pretty simple.

thereby

从而

Notice that I set the ai_family to AF_UNSPEC, thereby saying that I don’t care if we use IPv4 or IPv6.

nifty

漂亮的

Nifty!

synopsis

Here is the synopsis for the bind() system call.

queue up

排队

Well, incoming connections are going to wait in this queue until you accept() them and is the limit on how many can queue up.

reap

The code that's there is responsible for reaping zombie processes that appear as the fork()ed child processes exit.

收割

loop through

loop through all the results

遍历所有结果

In a nutshell

简而言之

techie jargon

技术术语

In a nutshell, "block" is techie jargon for "sleep".

breach

The purpose of a firewall is to prevent people outside the firewall from connecting to machines

inside the firewall, so allowing them to do so is basically considered a breach of security.

违反

synopsis

概要

be identical to

与...一样

hence the name

由此得名

It is a command line user program on -nix machines using the telnet protocol --hence the name-- to login to other machines.

toggle

拨动

Use the word toggle for a switch that has two positions, on and off.

In retrospect

回想起来

agreed-upon

互相认可的；议定

  • As you know, this was not the solution eventually agreed upon.

​ 你们知道，这不是最后达成协议的解决办法

  • Two systems can't communicate without having an agreed-upon protocol, even if that protocol is just "raw data over TCP".

exhaustive

If you describe a study, search, or list as exhaustive, you mean that it is very thorough and complete.

详尽的

an exhaustive answer

gist

the most important pieces of information about something, or general information without details:

That was the gist of what he said.

juncture

I believe we're now at the right juncture to make this transition.

契机

tremendous

  • I want to thank all of your tremendous support during my time at Intel.

  • Tremendous thanks and appreciation to all of you.

press release

新闻稿

You can read our press release here.

among other things

此外

In the old days, you had to physically walk to a server in order to access its data. This meant, among other things, that you had to spend some time arriving at the server's location and then you had to wait for your turn to work with the server.

be intended for

用于

As mentioned in the Telnet overview, even though the protocol is classically intended for remote login, it need not be used in this manner.

whereas

You user whereas to introduce a comment which contrasts with what is said in the main clause.

deem

configASSERT() can be defined to take whatever action the application writer deems appropriate.

认为

deem appropriate 认为适当

deem important

fall back on sth

If you fall back on something, you do it or use it after other things have failed.

If the client and server agree on the use of an option it can be enabled; if not, they can always fall back on the NVT to ensure basic communication.

scalable

able to be expanded to cope with increased use.

可扩展的

approximate

A pseudorandom number generator (PRNG), also known as a deterministic random bit generator (DRBG), is an algorithm for generating a sequence of numbers whose properties approximate the properties of sequences of random numbers.

sufficient

If something is sufficient for a particular purpose, there is enough of it for the purpose.

pros and cons

正面与反面；赞成与反对；优缺点

The approaches have quite different characteristics and each has its pros and cons.

crucial

If you describe something as crucial, you mean it is extremely important.

The choice of a good random seed is crucial.

mimic

If someone or something mimics another person or thing, they try to be like them.

The computer doesn't mimic human thought; it reaches the same ends by different means.

模仿

elapse

If time elapses, it goes past.

Four years had elapsed since he left college and still he hadn't found a job.

epoch

The Unix epoch (or Unix time or POSIX time or Unix timestamp) is the number of seconds that have elapsed since January 1, 1970 (midnight UTC/GMT),

Some systems store epoch dates as a signed 32-bit integer, which might cause problems on January 19, 2038 (known as the Year 2038 problem or Y2038). The convertor on this page converts timestamps in seconds, milliseconds and microseconds to readable dates.

the most recently

最近的；最近一次

$? expands to the exit status of the most recently executed foreground pipeline.

legacy

  • money or property that you receive from someone after they die.

  • something that is a part of your history or that remains from an earlier time.

    The Greeks have a rich legacy of literature.

bypass

If you bypass someone or something that you would normally have to get involved with, you ignore them, often because you want to achieve something more quickly.

绕过；避开；旁路

defer

If you defer an event or action, you arrange for it to happen at a later date, rather than immediately or at the previously planned time.

推迟

state

If you state something, you say or write it in a formal or definite way.

Clearly state your address and telephone number.

stage the changed file

暂存更改的文件（git add file1.md）

To err is human

人非圣贤，孰能无过；犯错是人性；犯错乃人之常情

tedious

If you describe something such as a job, task, or situation as tedious, you mean it is boring and rather frustrating.

冗长的；啰嗦的；单调乏味的...

revert

When people or things revert to a previous state, system or type of behaviour, they go back to it.

cherry-pick

to pick only the best or most suitable from a group of people or things.

筛选；精选

amend

If you amend something that has been written such as a law, or something that is said, you change it in order to improve it or make it more accurate.

改良；订正；修正；修改...

First and foremost

首先；首要的是

overwhelmed

I was humbled, honored, excited and a bit overwhelmed.

不知所措

unmatched

If you describe something as unmatched, you are emphasizing that it is better or greater than all other things of the same kind.

transparent

If an object is transparent, you can see through it.

check out the next installment

查看下一部分

installment

  • 分期付款
  • An installment of a story or plan is one of its parts that are published or carried out separately one after the other.

transient

Transient is used to describe a situation that lasts only a short time or is constantly changing.

.gitignore tells git which files (or patterns) it should ignore. It's usually used to avoid committing transient files from your working directory that aren't useful to other collaborators, such as compilation products, temporary files IDEs create, etc.

constantly

When something happens constantly, it never stops or changes. If your sister constantly complains that she's hungry, she is always insisting that she's starving.

nuanced

made slightly different in appearance, meaning, sound, etc.

When working in Git, or other version control systems, the concept of "saving" is a more nuanced process than saving in a word processor or other traditional file editing applications.

synonymous

If two words are synonymous, they mean the same thing.

The traditional software expression of "saving" is synonymous with the Git term "committing".

track down

追踪；追捕到；查出

It’s important to create atomic commits so that it’s easy to track down bugs and revert changes with minimal impact on the rest of the project.

condense

If you condense something, especially a piece of writing or speech, you make it shorter, usually by including only the most parts.

git log --oneline

Condense each commit to a single line. This is useful for getting a high-level overview of the project history.

irreparably

不可挽回地

The whole idea behind any version control system is to store "safe" copies of a project so that you never have to worry about irreparably breaking your code base.

obsolete

Something that is obsolete is no longer needed because something better has been invented.

amend

If amend something that has been written such as a law, or something that is said, you change it in order to improve it or make it more accurate.

修正；修改；修订

Let's say

比方说

Let's say we've edited a few files that we would like to commit in a single snapshot, but then we forget to add one of the files the first time around.

mechanism

In a machine or piece of equipment, a mechanism is a part, often consisting of a set of smaller parts, which performs a particular function.

in terms of

根据；在...方面；

If you talk about something in terms of something or in particular terms, you are specifying which aspect of it you are discussing or from what point of view you are considering it.

start over

If you start over or start something over, you begin something again from the beginning.

alter

To change something, usually slightly, or to cause the characteristic of something to change.

If something alters or if you alter it, it changes.

stash

If you stash something valuable in a secret place, you store it there to keep it safe.

misnomer

A name that does not suit what it refers to, or the use of such a name.

Trees may be a misnomer, as they are not strictly traditional tree data-structures.

poke

If you poke someone or something , you quickly push them with your finger or with a sharp object.

Poke reviewers who haven't voted yet.

scenic

  • A scenic place has attractive scenery.

  • A scenic route goes through attractive scenery and has nice views.

  • If a place has scenic beauty, its scenery is attractive.

Located in the scenic city of Dalian, ...

...a land of unparalleled scenic beauty.

This speaks volume in teamwork

这说明团队合作的重要性

way to go

You can say Way to go to show that you are pleased or impressed by someone has done.

Used to tell someone they have done well, or used humorously when someone has done something stupid.

  • I heard you girls won the contest. Way to go!
  • Way to go, John - you broke the chair!

加油；就该这么做；加把劲

indispensable

Something or someone that is indispensable is so good or important that you could not manage without it, him, or her

不可或缺的；不可缺少之物

productivity

生产力；生产能力 ；生产效率

an indispensable productivity tool

customization

If you customize something, you change its appearance or features to suit your tastes or needs.

the action of making or changing something according to the buyer's or user's needs.

tailor to

If you tailor something such as a plan or system to someone's needs, you make it suitable for a particular person or purpose by changing the details of it.

FreeRTOSConfig.h tailors the RTOS kernel to the application being built. it is therefore specific to the application, not the RTOS, and should be located in an application directory, not in one of the RTOS kernel source code directories.

rational

Rational decisions and thoughts are based on reason rather than on emotion.

He's asking you to look at both sides of the case and come to a rational decision.

It can be very hard to think rationally when you're feeling so vulnerable and alone.

a couple of

A small number of; a few; 几个

Yes, I'm a bit tired. I'm very bad with a jet-lag. But I'll be all right in a couple of days.

Be sure to listen to the lessons without reading the transcript at least a couple of times, since it's necessary for developing your listening skills.

Excessive

Excessive means beyond what is typical or normal. When something is excessive, there's way too much.

Excessive exercise can sometimes cause health problems.

complimentary

  1. A complimentary seat, ticket, or book is given to you free.

  2. If you are complimentary about something, you express admiration for it.

suite[swi:t]

A set of connected rooms, especially in a hotel.

How much is a presidential suite for a night?

promotion

促销

There was a promotion in the supermarket and they were giving away free glasses of wine.

晋升

The act of raising someone to a higher or more important position or rank.

Was Steve given the promotion he wanted?

tuition

指导；学费

The tuition exceeds the average American annual income.

wording

措辞；用词

I cannot but wonder whether this particular wording would not blur the distinction between the aggressor and the victim of aggression.

break out

start suddenly

injustice

an unfair situation

have the nerve

dare to

placard

sign people hold at protests, usually a piece of cardboard on a stick

rally

public meeting in support or opposition of something

demonstration

event where people gather together to show that they support or oppose something

demonstrators

people who go to a demonstration or protest

opponent

a person who opposes something or someone

proponent

person who supports someone or something

vehicle

A vehicle is a machine such as a car, bus, or truck which has an engine and is used to carry people from place to place.

linger

to take a long time to leave or disappear:

After the play had finished, we lingered for a while in the bar hoping to catch sight of the actors.

The smell from the fire still lingered days later.

abbreviation

An abbreviation is a short form of a word or phrase, made by leaving out some of the letters or by using the first letter of each word.

warts and all

If you describe someone or accept them warts and all, you describe them or accept them as they are, including all their faults.

One of the things I admire about this work is the "warts and all" approach that gives it such credibility.

credibility

If someone or something has credibility, people believe in them and trust them.

delimiter

分隔符；分界符

preamble

前言

A preamble is an introduction that comes before something you say or write.

congestion

（交通）拥塞；塞车

If there is congestion in a place, the place is extremely crowded and blocked with traffic or people.

retransmission

重传

encapsulation

封装

latency

延迟；潜伏期

They measured the latency of the brain's response to a stimulus.

depict

描绘

This scenario is depicted in Figure 2.

Care should be taken when using jumbo frames

Care should be taken when using jumbo frames, as these larger frames are not interoperable with the smaller 1518-byte frame size used by most legacy Ethernet equipment.

enumerate

枚举

as to

关于

Although IP does not simply drop all traffic unnecessarily, it provides no guarantees as to the fate of the packets it attempts to deliver.

fragment

to break something into small parts or to be broken up in this way:

His day was fragmented by meetings and phone calls.

Although it is possible to send a 65,535-byte IP datagram, most link layers (such as Ethernet) are not able to carry one this large without fragmenting it (chopping it up) into smaller pieces.

preliminary

A preliminary is something that you do at the beginning of an activity, often as a form of preparation.

line up

排队；排成一行

The term window comes from the idea that if you lined up all the packets sent during a communication session in a long row but had only a small aperture through which to view them, you would see only a subset of them --- like peering through a window.

eligible

Someone who is eligible to do something is qualified or able to do it.

The sender's window, showing which packets are eligible to be sent(or have already been sent), which are not yet eligible, and which have been sent and acknowledged.

in a nutshell

using as few words as possible

简言之；简单说

up to

in no time

立刻

Now we can tickle this error

现在我们可以解决这个错误

tickle本意是挠痒痒...

If a fact or a situation tickles you, it amuses you or gives you pleasure.

newbie

...and after hours and hours of Googling and digging every corner of the web to find a solution (because I'm still a newbie), I finally found it.

originating with

起源于

degradation

In this case, a so-called duplex mismatch can occur. Perhaps surprisingly, when this happens the connection does not completely fail but instead may suffer significant performance degradation.

**moderate **

A moderate to heavy rainfall

中到大雨

exponential

指数的；越来越快的；指数

symmetric

对称的

if any

如果有的话

writeup

You have to submit a writeup that clearly explains parameters of your models, presents the results and analyzes its performance.

你需要提交一份书面记录清晰地解释你的模型的参数，陈述结果和分析性能。

sanity check

完整性检查

As a sanity check for you, we've listed the approximate number of lines of code for each of these functions in our reference solution(which includes lots of comments).

collective

The child processes created as a result of interpreting a single command line are known collectively as a job.

统称为

emit output

Your shell should emit output that is identical to he reference solution(except for PIDs, of course, which change from run to run).

As you've seen, most commands emit output of one kind or another.

正如你所看到的， 大多数命令都会产生某类输出。

come in handy

If something comes in handy, it is useful in a particular situation.

The waitpid, kill, fork, execve, setpgid, and sigprocmask functions will come in very handy. The WUNTRACED and WNOHANG options to waitpid will also be useful.

rid

make someone or something free of (a troublesome or unwanted person or thing).

We now have the greatest chance ever to rid the world of nuclear weapons.

count down

倒数；倒计时

to count backwards to zero.

She counts down the top 10 music videos every week.

ephemeral

短暂的；转瞬即逝的

momentarily

  • Momentarily means for a short time.

    She paused momentarily when she saw them.

  • Very soon

    I'll be ready to leave momentarily.

scarce

If something is scarce, there is not enough of it.

drastic

  • A drastic change is a very great change.
    • ...a drastic reduction in the numbers of people dying.
    • As a result, services have been drastically reduced.
  • If you have to take drastic action in order to solve a problem, you have to do something extreme and basic to solve it.
    • He's not going to do anything drastic about economic policy.

and so forth

等等

printf("&a = %p\n", (void*)&a);
printf("a  = %p\n", (void*)a);
printf("*a = %p\n", (void*)*a);
/* and so forth */

predominant

Unicast transmission, in which a packet is sent from a single source to a specified destination, is still the predominant form of transmission on LANs and within the Internet.

bloat

Programmers should always check for errors, but unfortunately, many skip error checking because it bloats the code and makes it harder to read.

start over

If you start over or start something over, you begin something again from the beginning.

elapse

When time elapses, it passes.

prematurely

  • In a way that happens or is done too soon, especially before the natural or suitable time.
    • Sleep returns zero if the requested amount of time has elapsed, and the number of seconds still left to sleep otherwise. The latter case is possible if the sleep function returns prematurely because it was interrupted by a signal.

thorny

  • A thorny problem or subject is difficult to deal with.
    • Signal handling is one of the thornier aspects of Linux system-level programming.

counterintuitive

  • Something that is counter-intuitive does not happen in the way you would expect it to.
    • The rules for how and when signals are received is often counterintuitive.

conservative

保守的；守旧的；保守派

Our aim here is to give you some conservative guidelines for writing handlers that are safe to run concurrently.

hodgepodge

  • A hodgepodge is an untidy mixture of different types of things. 大杂烩
    • The term Unix IPC is typically reserved for a hodgepodge of techniques that allow processes to communicate with other processes that are running on the same host.

dilemma

  • A dilemma is a difficult situation in which you have to choose between two or more alternatives.
    • One solution to this dilemma is a situation called I/O multiplexing.

partition

We will find it helpful to partition the loop code for thread i into five parts.

indivisibly

in a way that is not able to be separated from something else or into different parts

  • The test and decrement operations in P occur indivisibly, in the sense that once the semaphore s becomes nonzero, the decrement of s occurs without interruption.

in the sense that

就这种意义而言；在某种意义上说

For conciseness

为了简明

For conciseness, we prefer to use the following equivalent P and V wrapper functions instead.

integral

Necessary and important as part of a whole.

  • I/O is integral to the operation of a system, and because of this, we often encounter circular dependencies between I/O and other systems ideas.

hierarchy

层次体系

  • The Linux kernel organizes all files in a single directory hierarchy anchored by the root directory named / (slash).

descendant

A person who is related to you and who lives after you, such as your child or grandchild.

  • Each file in the system is a direct or indirect descendant of the root directory.

deliberation

Deliberation is the long and careful consideration of a subject.

  • After much deliberation, I narrowed the problem down to the Base Filtering service.

amortize

In finance, if you amortize a debt, you pay it back in regular payments.

elicit

If you elicit a response or a reaction, you do or say something which makes other people respond or react.

  • That's accessing a non-existing page elicits a segment fault.

This begs the question, "How do we find things?"

这引出了一个问题

wearisome

If you describe something as wearisome, you mean that it is very tiring and boring or frustrating.

  • This is a wearisome task for me.

weary

If you are weary, you are very tired.

If you are weary of something, you have become tired of it and have lost your enthusiasm for it.

predecessor

Your predecessor is the person who had your job before you.

successor

Someone's successor is the person who takes their job after they have left.

splice out

剪除

premature

There's this phenomena of a lot of programmers make the mistake of what we call premature optimization. Try to think of all the fancy things the can do, and then they put all those in at the beginning, before they even know that it needs to be optimized.

So the way you want to work on this and any sort of complex problem is to first do fairly simple things and then look and see where the slowdowns are and inefficiencies are and just hit those one after another and optimize only for the things that are necessary.

circumvent

规避；绕过；绕行

It takes quite a long time for the online installer to download install .net framework 3.5. The good thing is, you can easily circumvent this.

spurious

A spurious argument or way of reasoning is incorrect, and so the conclusion is probably incorrect.

  • Ignore spurious requests.

    if (size == 0)
    return NULL:

split

If something splits or if you split it, it is divided into two or more parts.

miscellaneous

A miscellaneous group consists of many different kinds of things or people that are difficult to put into a particular category.

clueless

having no knowledge of something, or of things in general

  • I am totally clueless about makefiles.

in terms of

If you talk about something in terms of something or in particular terms, you are specifying which aspect of it you are discussing or from what point of view you are considering it.

suffix

后缀

decompose

分解

  • Your code should be decomposed into functions and use as few global variables as possible.

departure

出发；起程

The textbook has a detailed example of a simple allocator based on an implicit free list. Use this is a point of departure. Don't start working on your allocator until you understand everything about the simple implicit list allocator.

contingent worker

临时工

planar

平面的

Y8 is a planar image format, containing only a single, 8 bit 'Y' plane for monochrome images.

schematic

A schematic diagram or picture shows something in a simple way.

  • This is a rough schematic of how it all relates.

resemble

If one thing or person resembles another, they are similar to each other.

  • You resemble your mother very closely.

entity

something that exists apart from other things, having its own independent existence.

work like a charm

药到病除

If you say that something worked like a charm, you mean that it was very effective or successful.

consecutive

连续不断的

Consecutive periods of time or events happen one after the other without interruption.

  • To render the dark scene close to what I saw I took 7 consecutive 15 second exposures in under 2 minutes interval.

more often than not

通常；往往

Educational systems more often than not reflect the essential nature of that society.

cont.

is an abbreviation for 'continued', which is used at the bottom of a page to indicate that a letter or text continues on another page.

backtick

反引号 `

  • Whenever I can, I write shell scripts as Ruby scripts with lots of backticks.

strive

If you strive to do something or strive for something, you make a great effort to do it or get it.

  • When you writing programs, it's always a good idea to strive for simplicity and clarity.

designate

When you designate someone or something as a particular thing, you formally give them that description or name.

  • A common convention is to use uppercase letters to designate constants and lowercase letters for true variables.

flesh out

If you flesh out something such as a story or plan, you add details and more information to it.

  • With our function framework in place and working, it's time to flesh out some of the function code.

coherent

I will try to demonstrate how it merely combines all the good programming principles that you always wanted to employ into a coherent approach.

savvy

If you describe someone as having savvy, you think that they have a good understanding and practical knowledge of something.

  • He is known for his political savvy and strong management skills.

gloss over

If you gloss over a problem, a mistake, or an embarrassing moment, you try and make it seem unimportant by ignoring it or by dealing with it very quickly.

  • One detail I'm glossing over for simplicity, is that I've assumed that...

conceptual graphic

概念图

Threads are visible only from within the process

...from within...

full-fledged

  • completely developed or trained

When a multi-threaded program starts executing, it has one thread running, which executes the main() function of the program. This is already a full-fledged thread, with its own thread ID.

footprint

占用空间，占地面积

This page is about a technique for the memory footprint of programs in compiled languages with C-like structures.

it began dawn on me

突然意识到

But as I worked, and thought about what I was doing, it began to dawn on me that the technique I was using has been more than half forgotten in these latter days.

retain

  • to keep or continue to have something:

She has lost her battle to retain control of the company.

He managed to retain his dignity throughout the performance.

comprise

Teams are created to work on one specific project, and are comprised of people who have very different skills.

Manufacturing comprises 14% of the state's economy.

The linked list is comprised of structs called Elems:

struct Elem 
    {
        int pri;
        data info;
        Elem * next;
    };
    Elem * head;

panel discussion

分组讨论；座谈；座谈会;

a discussion between a panel or group of people.

fine-grained

细粒度的

Functions and classes provide relatively fine-grained separation of concerns, whereas libraries, source files, and translation units provide coarser grain.

coarse grain

粗粒度的

Slurry

Slurry is a watery mixture of something such as mud, animal waste, or dust.

Just #including those headers causes a slurry of error messages.

clash

冲突

There are many techniques for dealing with such name clashes.

inhibit

The use of many different names inhibits generic programming.

cumbersome

  • Something that is cumbersome is large and heavy and therefore difficult to carry, wear, or handle.
  • A cumbersome system or process is very complicated and inefficient.

converse

相反地；

gulf

海沟；鸿沟

Solid state disks are playing an increasingly important role in the memory hierarchy, bridging the gulf between DRAM and rotating disk.

obstruct

If something obstructs a road or path, it blocks it, stopping people or vehicles getting past.

exceed

超过（数目或数量）；超越...的限制

...can eventually exceed real-time constrains.

suppress

To suppress error messages from a command, we do this:

ls -l /bin/usr/ 2> /dev/null

under the hood

What do branches look like under the hood in Git?

stunning

极有魅力的；绝妙的；给人以深刻印象的；令人惊奇万分的

Although other version control systems also offer some form of branching, Git’s concept and implementation are just stunning.

mitigate

To mitigate something means to make it less unpleasant, serious, or painful.

But there’s an easy way to mitigate these risks: you could simply duplicate the whole project folder! In this copy, you could then make any changes you like, without worrying about breaking something.

bring...to a halt

A handful of people working together in such a way is enough to bring the whole development process to a halt.

exclusive

独有的

As said, branches are not exclusive to Git.

mingle

  • If things such as sounds, smells, or feelings mingle, they become mixed together but are usually still recognizable.

    Now the cheers and applause mingled in a single sustained roar.

  • At a party, if you mingle with the other people there, you move around and talk to them.

    Go out of your way to mingle with others at the wedding.

interfere

干涉；干预；干扰；打扰

One advantage, is that the relatively untested new code that you are producing won't interfere with the work of others.

conjunction

Records registered through the git remote command are used in conjunction with the git fetch, git push, and git pull commands.

numerator

分子

Denominator

分母

fraction

  • 分数；
  • 少量；
    • For instance, only a fraction of houses have swimming pools, so the parameters related to swimming pools will be useless nine times out of ten.

nine times out of ten

十之八九

decimal

A decimal is a fraction that is written in the form of a dot followed by one or more numbers which represent tenths, hundreds, and so on: for example .5, .51, .517.

delegate

Abstraction (also called interface) is a high-level control layer for some entity. This layer isn’t supposed to do any real work on its own. It should delegate the work to the implementation layer (also called platform).

bloat the code immensely

However, it quickly became apparent that this approach would bloat the code immensely, not only the library code but the client code as well.

involved

复杂的

Line matching is more involved in a set associative cache than in a direct-mapped cache.

retrieve

找回；取回；索回；挽回

However, once the cache has retrieved the block, which line should it replace?

exploit

利用

To summarize, programmers should be aware of locality in their programs and try to write programs that exploit it.

wrap up

综合，总结；

This section wraps up our discussion of the memory hierarchy by studying the impact that caches have on the performance of programs running on real machines.

heterogeneous

  • consisting of parts or things that are very different from each other.

    tuple and pair are very similar in their structure. Just like in pair we can pair two heterogeneous object, in tuple we can pair three heterogeneous objects.

homogeneous

  • Homogeneous is used to describe a group or thing which has members or parts that are all the same.

    Arrays, as we all know, are collection of homogeneous objects.

deduce

  • To reach an answer or a decision by thinking carefully about the known facts

    You'll be able to deduce what the accidentals are in any scale.

unanticipated

意料之外的

Even small errors (usually called bugs) in programs can have complex and unanticipated consequences.

retrieve

If you retrieve something, you get it back from the place where you left it.

decomposition

分解

The entire sqrt program can be viewed as a cluster of procedures (shown in figure 1.2) that mirrors the decomposition of the problem into subproblems.

self-evident

显而易见的；不言而喻的；明摆着的

This principle seems on the surface to be self-evident, but its consequences are profound.

profound

深远的；深切的；巨大的

This principle seems on the surface to be self-evident, but its consequences are profound.

clutter up

The other procedures only clutter up their minds.

tractable

易处理的；易驾驭的

We will use block structure extensively to help us break up large programs into tractable pieces.

they seem hardly different at all

他们似乎没有什么不同

resort to

依靠；求助

As a consequence, these languages can describe iterative processes only by resorting to "looping constructs".

share this defect

有这个缺点

The implementation of Scheme we shall consider in chapter 5 does not share this defect.

recast

If you recast something, you change it by organizing it in a different way.

To formulate the iterative algorithm required noticing that the computation could be recast as an iteration with three state variable.

sandwich

the value R(n) is sandwiched between k1f(n) and k2f(n).

gross

粗略的

One convenient way to describe this difference is to use the notion of order of growth to obtain a gross measure of the resources required by a process as the inputs become larger.

a decent amount of

相当多的

There is a decent amount of math in different areas being used.

aforementioned

前面提到的；上述

If you refer to the aforementioned person or subject, you mean the person or subject that has been mentioned.

auxiliary

One way to accomplish this is to use an auxiliary procedure to bind the local variables.

seasoned

有经验的

seasoned programmers

outermost

On the other hand, the x that is the second argument to the outermost + is still 5.

yield the same result

yield the same result as dividing n by d

namely

即;也就是;换句话说; The subtle point to notice is that the value returned by (cons x y) is a procedure—namely the internally defined procedure dispatch.

take as arguments ...

The procedure takes as arguments a list and a number n and returns the $n_{th}$ item of the list with 0.

peculiar

If you find this output to be unexpected, draw an expression tree to clarify why evaluating this expression produces this peculiar output.

course

In general, iterative functions must maintain some local state that changes throughout the course of computation.

squish

Kronik expected the build to take about a year, but it took about twice that thanks to every engineer's worst nightmare-Finding and squishing nasty bugs.

fed up

I'm fed up with my job

novice If all you have is a hammer, everything looks like a nail

This is the problem that haunts many novices who have just familiarized themselves with patterns. Having learned about patterns, they try to apply them everywhere, even in situations where simpler code would do just fine.

logistics

物流；后勤

IMHO

恕我直言 In my humble opinion

OTOH

abbreviation for on the other hand: used in emails and text messages before you refer to a different way of looking at a situation

premise

The basic premise and implementation have not changed since then.

need badly

that page needs badly to be put up-to-date.

This is good and bad

这是好事，也是坏事

Vaguely

Most farm workers were only vaguely aware that there was a storm on its way.

courteously

Unlike printenv, its output is courteously sorted in alphabetical order

AFAIK

As far as I know

compelling

These tools help make Linux a compelling operating system.

If you describe something such as a film or book, or someone's appearance, as compelling, you mean you want to keep looking at it or reading it because you find it so interesting.

idiomatic

地道的

Casting to oid is an idiomatic way to ignore a variable explicitly in C and C++.

IMHO

In my humble opinion.

color my perceptions

The fact that...really color my perceptions.

sizeable

Sizeable means fairly large.

a sizeable performance advantage.

restrict

You want to restrict access to the system so only authenticated users can create orders.

filcker of hope

With a small flicker of hope, you decide to call the tech-support phone number written on the box.

boilerplate

The Base Handler is an optional class where you can put the boilerplate code that’s common to all handler classes.

relay

How the error relayed to the application, so that it can log the error or notify the user?

fallback

A different example would be if you want to read some configuration from a file, and that file happens to not exist. Because it is a configuration file, you might have some default configuration as a fallback, so the file is not exactly necessary.

flesh out

In the remaining chapters, we will flesh this out with lots more kinds of instructions. But the basic structure is here, and we have everything we need now > to completely represent an executable piece of code at runtime in our virtual machine.

demystify

We are trying to demystify the workings of government.