eutils -- a simplified interface to NCBI E-Utilities

eutils is a Python package to simplify searching, fetching, and parsing records from NCBI using their E-utilities interface.

STATUS: This code is alpha. There are no known bugs, but the code supports only a limited subset of E-Utilities replies. PubMed, Gene, RefSeq (nucleotide), and dbSNP data are well-represented; others are not represented at all.

Source

News

0.3.0.post0 was just released. BEHAVIOR CHANGE: Client() no longer caches by default. Add Client(cache=True) to get previous behavior.

Features

simple Pythonic interface for searching and fetching
automatic query rate throttling per NCBI guidelines
optional sqlite-based caching of compressed replies
"façades" that facilitate access to essential attributes in replies

A Quick Example

$ pip install eutils
$ ipython

>>> import eutils.client

# Initialize a client. This client handles all caching and query
# throttling
>>> ec = eutils.client.Client()

# search for tumor necrosis factor genes
# any valid NCBI query may be used
>>> esr = ec.esearch(db='gene',term='tumor necrosis factor')

# fetch one of those (gene id 7157 is human TNF)
>>> egs = ec.efetch(db='gene', id=7157)

# One may fetch multiple genes at a time. These are returned as an
# EntrezgeneSet. We'll grab the first (and only) child, which returns
# an instance of the Entrezgene class.
>>> eg = egs.entrezgenes[0]

# Easily access some basic information about the gene
>>> eg.hgnc, eg.maploc, eg.description, eg.type, eg.genus_species
('TP53', '17p13.1', 'tumor protein p53', 'protein-coding', 'Homo sapiens')

# get a list of genomic references
>>> sorted([(r.acv, r.label) for r in eg.references])
[('NC_000017.11', 'Chromosome 17 Reference GRCh38...'),
 ('NC_018928.2', 'Chromosome 17 Alternate ...'),
 ('NG_017013.2', 'RefSeqGene')]

# Get the first three products defined on GRCh38
#>>> [p.acv for p in eg.references[0].products][:3]
#['NM_001126112.2', 'NM_001276761.1', 'NM_000546.5']

# As a sample, grab the first product defined on this reference (order is arbitrary)
>>> mrna = eg.references[0].products[0]
>>> str(mrna)
'GeneCommentary(acv=NM_001126112.2,type=mRNA,heading=Reference,label=transcript variant 2)'

# mrna.genomic_coords provides access to the exon definitions on this reference

>>> mrna.genomic_coords.gi, mrna.genomic_coords.strand
('568815581', -1)

>>> mrna.genomic_coords.intervals
[(7687376, 7687549), (7676520, 7676618), (7676381, 7676402),
(7675993, 7676271), (7675052, 7675235), (7674858, 7674970),
(7674180, 7674289), (7673700, 7673836), (7673534, 7673607),
(7670608, 7670714), (7668401, 7669689)]

# and the mrna has a product, the resulting protein:
>>> str(mrna.products[0])
'GeneCommentary(acv=NP_001119584.1,type=peptide,heading=Reference,label=isoform a)'

Important Notes

You are encouraged to browse issues. Please report any issues you find.
Use a pip package specification to ensure stay within minor releases for API stability. For example, eutils >=0.1,<0.2.

Developing and Contributing

Contributions of bug reports, code patches, and documentation are welcome!

Development occurs in the default branch. Please work in feature branches or bookmarks from the default branch. Feature branches should be named for the eutils issue they fix, as in 121-update-xml-facades. When merging, use a commit message like "closes #121: update xml facades to new-style interface". ("closes #n" is recognized automatically and closes the ticket upon pushing.)

The included Makefile automates many tasks. In particular, make develop prepares a development environment and make test runs unittests. (Please run tests before committing!)