GetContacts

Application for efficiently computing non-covalent contact networks in molecular structures and MD simulations. Following example computes all salt bridges, pi cation, aromatic, and hydrogen bond interactions in a trajectory:

get_dynamic_contacts.py --topology my_top.psf \
                        --trajectory my_traj.dcd \
                        --itypes sb pc ps ts hb \
                        --output my_contacts.tsv

The output, my_contacts.tsv, is a tab-separated file where each line (except the first two) records frame, type, and atoms involved in an interaction:

# total_frames:20000 interaction_types:sb,pc,ps,ts,hb
# Columns: frame, interaction_type, atom_1, atom_2[, atom_3[, atom_4]]
0   sb     C:GLU:21:OE2    C:ARG:86:NH2
0   ps     C:TYR:36:CG     C:TRP:108:CG
0   ts     A:TYR:36:CG     A:TRP:108:CG
0   hbss   A:GLN:53:NE2    A:GLN:69:OE1
1   hbss   A:GLU:60:OE2    A:SER:56:OG
1   hbbb   C:LEU:87:N      C:LEU:83:O
1   hbbb   C:ARG:88:N      C:LEU:87:N
2   hbsb   A:LYS:28:N      A:HIS:27:ND1
2   hbsb   A:ASP:52:OD2    A:PHE:48:O
2   wb2    C:ASN:110:O     B:ARG:73:NH1    W:TIP3:1524:OH2    W:TIP3:506:OH2
2   wb2    C:ASN:110:O     C:SER:111:OG    W:TIP3:1524:OH2    W:TIP3:2626:OH2
3   wb     A:ASP:100:OD1   A:ILE:67:O      W:TIP3:6762:OH2
3   wb     A:ASP:100:OD1   B:ASN:105:ND2   W:TIP3:9239:OH2
4   sb     A:GLU:47:OE2    A:LYS:33:NZ
4   pc     A:LYS:9:NZ      A:TYR:21:CG
4   hbbb   A:ILE:12:N      A:THR:20:O
5   vdw    A:LYS:164:CG    A:THR:161:OG1
5   vdw    A:LYS:164:CD    A:THR:161:OG1
6   vdw    A:ALA:156:O     A:PHE:159:C
6   hbls   A:EJ4:1219:OAD  A:TYR:129:OH
6   hbls   A:ASP:128:OD2   A:EJ4:1219:OAQ
7   hblb   C:LEU:87:N      A:EJ4:1219:OAQ
7   lwb    A:EJ4:1219:NAN  A:LYS:214:NZ    A:HOH:1316:O
7   lwb2   A:EJ4:1219:NAN  A:LYS:214:NZ    A:HOH:1316:O       A:HOH:1315:O
7   lwb2   A:EJ4:1219:NAN  A:TYR:129:OH    A:HOH:1316:O       A:HOH:1311:O
...

Interactions that involve more than two atoms (i.e. water bridges and extended water bridges) have extra columns to denote the identities of the water molecules. For simplicity, all stacking and pi-cation interactions involving an aromatic ring will be denoted by the CG atom.

Interaction types are denoted by the following abbreviations:

sb - salt bridges
pc - pi-cation
ps - pi-stacking
ts - T-stacking
vdw - van der Waals
hb - Hydrogen bond subtypes
- hbbb - Backbone-backbone hydrogen bonds
- hbsb - Backbone-sidechain hydrogen bonds
- hbss - Sidechain-sidechain hydrogen bonds
- wb - Water-mediated hydrogen bond
- wb2 - Extended water-mediated hydrogen bond
- hblb - Ligand-backbone hydrogen bonds
- hbls - Ligand-sidechain hydrogen bonds
- lwb - Ligand water-mediated hydrogen bond
- lwb2 - Ligand extended water-mediated hydrogen bond

Generated contact-list files are useful as inputs to visualization and analysis tools that operate on interaction-networks:

Flareplot - Framework for analyzing interaction networks based on circular diagrams
MDCompare - Heatmap fingerprints revealing groups of similar interactions in multiple MD trajectories
TICC - Changepoint detection algorithm to identifying significant events in the dynamic contact network
NetworkAnalysis - Compute residue contact frequencies in a simulation, analyze contact network graphs, visualize in PyMol

Dependencies

GetContacts has the following dependencies

vmd-python
- netcdf >= 4.3
- tk = 8.6
numpy scipy expat matplotlib scikit-learn pytest pandas seaborn cython
futures (if using python 2.7)

The easiest way to install netcdf is using a package manager. On a Mac, use the homebrew package manager and run:

brew install netcdf

To install vmd-python on LINUX, use the anaconda platform:

conda install -c conda-forge vmd-python

To install vmd-python on MAC (or LINUX systems without conda), you'll need to compile and install from source:

git clone https://github.com/Eigenstate/vmd-python
cd vmd-python
python setup.py build 
python setup.py install
cd ..
python -c "import vmd"  # Should not throw error

The remaining dependencies can be installed using either pip or conda, e.g.

conda install tk=8.6 numpy scipy expat matplotlib scikit-learn pytest pandas seaborn cython
conda install futures  # Only do this if using python2.7

Installation

To install GetContacts locally, first set up dependencies (see above) and then run:

git clone https://github.com/getcontacts/getcontacts

# Add folder to PATH
echo "export PATH=\$PATH:`pwd`/getcontacts" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

To test the installation, run:

cd getcontacts/example/5xnd
get_dynamic_contacts.py --topology 5xnd_topology.pdb \
                        --trajectory 5xnd_trajectory.dcd \
                        --itypes hb \
                        --output 5xnd_hbonds.tsv

and verify that no error was thrown and that the 5xnd_hbonds.tsv file contains 1874 lines of interactions.

Simulation and structure file format

GetContacts is compatible with all topology and reimaged trajectory file formats readable by VMD.

Running the Code

Command line arguments

Required Arguments:

--topology STRING 
    Path to topology
--trajectory STRING
    Path to simulation trajectory fragment
--output STRING
    Path to output file
--itypes STRING [STRING ...]
    Specifies interaction types (see above)
      all, sb, pc, ps, ts, vdw, hb

Optional Arguments:

--cores INT 
    Number of CPU cores for parallelization [default = 6]
--ligand STRING [STRING ...]
    Resname of ligand molecule(s) [default = ""]
--sele STRING 
    VMD selection query to compute contacts in specified region of protein 
    [default = "protein"]
--sele2 STRING
    Second VMD selection query to compute contacts between two regions of the protein
    [default = None]
--solv STRING 
    Solvent identifier in simulation [default = "TIP3"]

Arguments for adjusting geometric criteria:

--sb_cutoff_dist FLOAT
    Cutoff for distance between anion and cation atoms [default = 4.0 Angstroms]
--pc_cutoff_dist FLOAT
    Cutoff for distance between cation and centroid of aromatic ring [default = 6.0 Angstroms]
--pc_cutoff_ang FLOAT
    Cutoff for angle between normal vector projecting from aromatic plane and vector from 
    aromatic center to cation atom [default = 60 degrees]
--ps_cutoff_dist FLOAT
    Cutoff for distance between centroids of two aromatic rings [default = 7.0 Angstroms]
--ps_cutoff_ang FLOAT
    Cutoff for angle between the normal vectors projecting from each aromatic plane 
    [default = 30 degrees]
--ps_psi_ang FLOAT
    Cutoff for angle between normal vector projecting from aromatic plane 1 and vector between 
    the two aromatic centroids [default = 45 degrees]
--ts_cutoff_dist FLOAT
    Cutoff for distance between centroids of two aromatic rings [default = 5.0 Angstroms]
--ts_cutoff_ang FLOAT
    Cutoff for angle between the normal vectors projecting from each aromatic plane minus 90 
    degrees [default = 30 degrees]
--ts_psi_ang FLOAT
    Cutoff for angle between normal vector projecting from aromatic plane 1 and vector between 
    the two aromatic centroids [default = 45 degrees]
--hbond_cutoff_dist FLOAT
    Cutoff for distance between donor and acceptor atoms [default = 3.5 Angstroms]
--hbond_cutoff_ang FLOAT
    Cutoff for angle between donor hydrogen acceptor [default = 70 degrees in simulation, 180 in structures]
--hbond_res_diff INT
    Minimum residue distance for which to consider computing hbond interactions 
    [default = 0 in simulations 1 in structures]
--vdw_epsilon FLOAT
    Amount of padding for calculating vanderwaals contacts [default = 0.5 Angstroms]
--vdw_res_diff INT
    Minimum residue distance for which to consider computing vdw interactions [default = 2]

Examples

Compute all pi-cation, pi-stacking, and van der Waals contacts throughout an entire simulation:

get_dynamic_contacts.py --topology TOP.psf \
                        --trajectory TRAJ.dcd \
                        --output output_pc_ps_vdw.tsv \
                        --itypes pc ps vdw

Compute salt bridges and hydrogen bonds for residues 100 to 160, including those that involves a ligand:

get_dynamic_contacts.py --topology TOP.pdb \
                        --trajectory TRAJ.nc \
                        --output loop-ligand_sb_hb.tsv \
                        --cores 12 \
                        --solv IP3 \
                        --sele "chain A and resid 100 to 160" \
                        --ligand EJ4 \
                        --itypes sb hb

Compute all interactions formed at a protein-protein interface throughout simulation:

get_dynamic_contacts.py --topology TOP.pdb \
                            --trajectory TRAJ.nc \
                            --output protein_interface_all.tsv \
                            --cores 12 \
                            --sele "chain A" \
                            --sele2 "chain B" \
                            --itypes all

Locate salt bridges and hydrogen bonds using a modified distance cutoffs:

get_dynamic_contacts.py --topology TOP.mae \
                        --trajectory TRAJ.dcd \
                        --output output_sb_hb.tsv \
                        --sb_cutoff_dist 5.0 \
                        --hbond_cutoff_dist 4.5 \
                        --itypes sb hb

For further examples, see the GetContacts main page.

For developers

Unit tests are located in unittests subfolders and use the python unittest module. To run just the unit-tests, type

python -m unittest

Integration tests verifying the functionality of executables are in the tests-folder. To run all tests make sure pytest is installed (e.g. pip install pytest) and run the following from the root:

pytest

Pull-requests won't be accepted before all tests pass, but if there are any problems we are happy to help work them out.

The code aims to be PEP 8 compliant, but pull-requests wont be rejected if they're not.

Citation

When using GetContacts for publication, please cite:

https://getcontacts.github.io/

nitrogenase/getcontacts