- Tracey is a C++ static library that reports memory leaks and provides precise stacktraces with no false positives.
- Tracey is simple. Just link it.
- Tracey is easy to integrate. No source modification is required.
- Tracey is clean. Macroless and callstack based. No new/delete macro hacks.
- Tracey is lazy. Should work out of the box. Plenty configuration options are provided anyways.
- Tracey is tiny. One header and one source file.
- Tracey is handy. Generates HTML logs that can be collapsed per branch in Sublime Text 2 and related editors.
- Tracey is cross-platform. Builds on Windows/Linux/MacosX. Compiles on g++/clang/msvc.
- Tracey is stand-alone. OS dependencies only. No third party dependencies.
- Tracey is zlib/libpng licensed.
- No hooks for
malloc()/free(). Tracey supportsnew/deleteC++ memory operators only (atm). - Slower runtime speed than regular builds (but not that much). There is room for improvement though.
// tracey is callstack based. no dirty new/delete macro tricks.
// tracey is a static library. requires no source modification. just link it.
static int *static_cpp_leak = new int;
int main() {
new int [400];
}- g++ users: both
-std=c++0xand-lpthreadmay be required when compilingtracey.cpp
C:\tracey> rem LINUX: g++ sample.cc tracey.cpp -g -lpthread -std=c++0x
C:\tracey> rem APPLE: clang++ sample.cc tracey.cpp -g -o sample -std=c++11 -stdlib=libc++
C:\tracey> rem WINDOWS following
C:\tracey> cl sample.cc tracey.cpp /Zi
C:\tracey> sample
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: tracey-0.22.c ready
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: using realloc (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\heap\realloc.c, line 62) as realloc
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: using memset (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\string\i386\memset.asm, line 61) as memset
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: using printf (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\stdio\printf.c, line 49) as printf
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: using FatalExit as exit
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: using fopen (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\stdio\fopen.c, line 124) as fopen
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: using fclose (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\stdio\fclose.c, line 43) as fclose
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: using fprintf (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\stdio\fprintf.c, line 49) as fprintf
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: with C++ exceptions=enabled
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: with kTraceyBudgetOverhead=101.000000%
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: with kTraceyMaxStacktraces=128 range[0..0]
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: with kTraceyReportWildPointers=no
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: with kTraceyDefineMemoryOperators=yes
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: with kTraceyMemsetAllocations=yes
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: with kTraceyStacktraceSkipBegin=0
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: with kTraceyStacktraceSkipEnd=0
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: with kTraceyReportOnExit=yes
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: with kTraceyWebserverPort=2001
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: with kTraceyHookLegacyCRT=0
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: with kTraceyEnabled=1
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: summary: highest peak: 1600 bytes total, 1600 bytes greatest peak // -8 allocs in use: 1472 bytes + overhead: 3 GB = total: 948 bytes
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: creating report: C:\Users\MARIO~1.ROD\AppData\Local\Temp\san4xxx-tracey.html
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: filtering leaks...
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: found 2 leaks wasting 1604 bytes
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: creating trees of frames...
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: resolving 12 unique frames...
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: converting tree of frames into tree of symbols...
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: flattering tree of symbols...
C:\tracey>
and then in C:\Users\MARIO~1.ROD\AppData\Local\Temp\san4xxx-tracey.html log file...
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: generated with tracey-0.22.c (https://github.com/r-lyeh/tracey)
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: best viewed on foldable text editor (like SublimeText2) with tabs=2sp and no word-wrap
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: error, 2 leaks found; 1604 bytes wasted ('lame' score)
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: summary: highest peak: 1600 bytes total, 1600 bytes greatest peak // -8 allocs in use: 1472 bytes + overhead: 3 GB = total: 948 bytes
<tracey/tracey.cpp> says: report filename: C:\Users\MARIO~1.ROD\AppData\Local\Temp\san4xxx-tracey.html
[2] (100% .. 1604 bytes) begin
[1] (100% .. 1604 bytes) RtlInitializeExceptionChain
[1] (100% .. 1604 bytes) RtlInitializeExceptionChain
[1] (100% .. 1604 bytes) BaseThreadInitThunk
[2] (099% .. 1600 bytes) __tmainCRTStartup (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\startup\crt0.c, line 255)
[1] (099% .. 1600 bytes) main (C:\tracey\sample.cc, line 7)
[1] (099% .. 1600 bytes) operator new (C:\tracey\tracey.cpp, line 3319)
[1] (099% .. 1600 bytes) tracey::watch (C:\tracey\tracey.cpp, line 3162)
[1] (099% .. 1600 bytes) tracey::`anonymous namespace'::tracer (C:\tracey\tracey.cpp, line 3139)
[2] (000% .. 4 bytes) __tmainCRTStartup (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\startup\crt0.c, line 237)
[1] (000% .. 4 bytes) _cinit (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\startup\crt0dat.c, line 321)
[1] (000% .. 4 bytes) _initterm (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\startup\crt0dat.c, line 954)
[1] (000% .. 4 bytes) `dynamic initializer for 'static_cpp_leak'' (C:\tracey\sample.cc, line 4)
[1] (000% .. 4 bytes) operator new (C:\tracey\tracey.cpp, line 3319)
[1] (000% .. 4 bytes) tracey::watch (C:\tracey\tracey.cpp, line 3162)
[1] (000% .. 4 bytes) tracey::`anonymous namespace'::tracer (C:\tracey\tracey.cpp, line 3139)
[2] (100% .. 1604 bytes) end
[1] (100% .. 1604 bytes) tracey::`anonymous namespace'::tracer (C:\tracey\tracey.cpp, line 3139)
[1] (100% .. 1604 bytes) tracey::watch (C:\tracey\tracey.cpp, line 3162)
[1] (100% .. 1604 bytes) operator new (C:\tracey\tracey.cpp, line 3319)
[2] (099% .. 1600 bytes) main (C:\tracey\sample.cc, line 7)
[1] (099% .. 1600 bytes) __tmainCRTStartup (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\startup\crt0.c, line 255)
[1] (099% .. 1600 bytes) BaseThreadInitThunk
[1] (099% .. 1600 bytes) RtlInitializeExceptionChain
[1] (099% .. 1600 bytes) RtlInitializeExceptionChain
[2] (000% .. 4 bytes) `dynamic initializer for 'static_cpp_leak'' (C:\tracey\sample.cc, line 4)
[1] (000% .. 4 bytes) _initterm (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\startup\crt0dat.c, line 954)
[1] (000% .. 4 bytes) _cinit (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\startup\crt0dat.c, line 321)
[1] (000% .. 4 bytes) __tmainCRTStartup (f:\dd\vctools\crt\crtw32\startup\crt0.c, line 237)
[1] (000% .. 4 bytes) BaseThreadInitThunk
[1] (000% .. 4 bytes) RtlInitializeExceptionChain
[1] (000% .. 4 bytes) RtlInitializeExceptionChain
Backend implementation in tracey.hpp. Tweak these if needed.
/*/ Default report logger
/*/ #define kTraceyPrintf std::printf
/*/ Default memory allocator
/*/ #define kTraceyRealloc std::realloc
/*/ Default memory setter
/*/ #define kTraceyMemset std::memset
/*/ Default filling character
/*/ #define kTraceyMemsetChar '\0'
/*/ All fatal exits converge to this symbol
/*/ #define kTraceyDie $windows(FatalExit) $welse( $cpp11(std::quick_exit) $cpp03(std::exit) )
/*/ All out-of-memory runtime asserts converge to this symbol.
/*/ #define kTraceyAssert assert
/*/ All out-of-memory runtime exceptions converge to this sysmbol.
/*/ #define kTraceyBadAlloc std::bad_alloc
/*/ Default wrapper to std::FILE
/*/ #define kTraceyfFile std::FILE
/*/ Default wrapper to fopen()
/*/ #define kTraceyfOpen std::fopen
/*/ Default wrapper to fclose()
/*/ #define kTraceyfClose std::fclose
/*/ Default wrapper to fprintf()
/*/ #define kTraceyfPrintf std::fprintfBackend options in tracey.hpp. Tweak these until happy.
/*/ Tracey uses this value to simulate increased memory simulations (should be >= 1.0)
/*/ #define kTraceyBudgetOverhead 1.0
/*/ Tracey retrieves up to 128 traces by default. The longer the slower, though.
/*/ #define kTraceyMaxStacktraces 128
/*/ Tracey head position on every stacktrace. It does not skip backtraces by default.
/*/ #define kTraceyStacktraceSkipBegin 0 // $windows(4) $welse(0)
/*/ Tracey tail position on every stacktrace. It does not skip backtraces by default.
/*/ #define kTraceyStacktraceSkipEnd 0 // $windows(4) $welse(0)
/*/ Tracey linefeed character when logging.
/*/ #define kTraceyCharLinefeed "\n"
/*/ Tracey tab character when logging.
/*/ #define kTraceyCharTab "\t"
/*/ When enabled, Tracey warns about deallocations on pointers that have been not allocated by Tracey (wild pointers)
/*/ #define kTraceyReportWildPointers 0
/*/ When enabled, Tracey warns about double allocations on same pointer
/*/ #define kTraceyReportDoubleAllocations 0
/*/ When enabled, Tracey memsets memory on mallocs()
/*/ #define kTraceyMemsetAllocations 1
/*/ When enabled, Tracey shows a report automatically on application exit.
/*/ #define kTraceyReportOnExit 1
/*/ When enabled, Tracey is enabled
/*/ #define kTraceyEnabled 1
/*/ When >0, Tracey web service is enabled. Note: requires C++11
/*/ #define kTraceyWebserverPort 2001
/*/ When enabled, Tracey will hook up C CRT as well (@todo)
/*/ #define kTraceyHookLegacyCRT 0
/*/ When >0, Tracey will ignore branches of leaks that are smaller than given percentage. It does not ignore branches by default.
/*/ #define kTraceyTruncateBranchesSmallerThan 0.0 // 5.0%
/*/ When enabled, Tracey implements all new/delete operators; else user must use runtime API manually (see below).
/*/ #define kTraceyDefineMemoryOperators 1tracey::watch(ptr,size)tells Tracey to watch a memory address.tracey::forget(ptr)tells Tracey to forget about a memory address.tracey::clear()tells Tracey to forget whole execution.tracey::report()creates a report and returns its physical address.tracey::view(log)views given report log.tracey::badalloc()throws a bad_alloc() exception, if possible.tracey::fail(msg)shows given error then fail.tracey::nop()does allocate/watch/forget/free some memory.tracey::summary()returns a brief summary.tracey::version()returns current version.tracey::url()returns project repository.tracey::settings()returns current settings.tracey::scope()raii scope monitoring.
tracey_watch(ptr,size)tells Tracey to watch a memory address.tracey_forget(ptr)tells Tracey to forget about a memory address.tracey_clear()tells Tracey to forget whole execution.tracey_report()creates a report and returns its physical address.tracey_view(log)views given report log.tracey_badalloc()throws a bad_alloc() exception, if possible.tracey_fail(msg)shows given error then fail.tracey_nop()does allocate/watch/forget/free some memory.tracey_summary()returns a brief summary.tracey_version()returns current version.tracey_url()returns project repository.tracey_settings()returns current settings.tracey_view_report()make report & view.
- @todoc
- v1.0.0 (2015/11/04)
- Initial semantic versioning adherence
- Fix 64-bit
- 0.24-c
- Upgraded submodules
- 0.23-c
- Webserver support (w/ C++03)
- 0.22-c
- Source code clean up.
- Faster implementation.
- Better (more) documentation.
- Safer behavior on any /MT /MTd /MD /MDd combination (MSVC).
- Deprecated tinythread mutexes in favor of boost (only in C++03).
- Simplified mutex locking. Requires compiler with thread-local storage support.
- Amalgamated distribution made of code from different sublibraries: heal, oak, route66
- Bugfixed wrong branch size on reports.
- 0.21-b
- Tracey requires less memory now.
- Memory usage shown on tree reports now.
- 0.20-b
- Tracey behaves better in many aspects now.
- Support for /MT and /MTd on Windows.
- iOS support.
- A more compatible symbol demangling on MacOs/iOS.
- Faster report generation.
- New smaller hierarchical tree reports that provide also more information than before.
- Bugfixed symbol retrieval when other memory managers are present.
- Improved symbol retrieval on windows.
- Experimental webserver (to be improved).
- New compiler tweaks.
- Many new options and settings (unwinding stack size, truncation, etc...)
- Bugfixed recursive deadlocks on tinythread.
- A bunch of other minor bugfixes and tweaks.
- Tracey throws exceptions only if they are enabled on your compiler now.
- API upgraded.
- Many things I have forgotten.